Charinus insularis Banks, 1902

Miranda, Gustavo Silva de, Giupponi, Alessandro P. L., Prendini, Lorenzo & Scharff, Nikolaj, 2021, Systematic revision of the pantropical whip spider family Charinidae Quintero, 1986 (Arachnida, Amblypygi), European Journal of Taxonomy 772, pp. 1-409 : 75-77

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2021.772.1505

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9B82A32F-0A07-47E3-8684-FED7C8EBF1E9

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567227

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F431375-FFD3-FF9F-A54A-FCAAFAD3D9C4

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Charinus insularis Banks, 1902
status

 

Charinus insularis Banks, 1902 View in CoL

Figs 1–2 View Fig View Fig , 34 View Fig , 36–41 View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig ; Table 3 View Table 3

Charinus insularis Banks, 1902: 67 View in CoL , 68, pl. 2 fig. 8.

Charinus insularis View in CoL – Snodgrass 1902: 79–80. — Mello-Leitão 1931: 54. — Werner 1935: 471. — Dunn 1949: 7. — Roth & Craig 1970: 119. — Weygoldt 1972b: 123. — Stockton 1976: 57–61, figs 1–4. — Delle Cave 1986: 156, fig. II. — Peck & Kukalova-Peck 1986: 165. — Peck & Peck 1986: 44–46. — Hernández Pacheco et al. 1992: 89, 125, 133, 135, 141, 146, 149–150, 154, 158, 167. — Baert et al. 1996: 13–16, fig. 7, map 4. — Harvey 2003: 5–6. — Miranda & Giupponi 2011: 62, 67, fig. 13. — Jocqué & Giupponi 2012: 55. — Vasconcelos et al. 2013: 497. — Baert & Mahnert 2015: 2–3, 8–13, 70–71, 73–74, fig. 3. — Miranda et al. 2016c: 19, 31.

Diagnosis

This species may be separated from other Charinus in western South America by means of the following combination of characters: well-developed median eyes and median ocular tubercle ( Fig. 36A View Fig ); female gonopods cushion-like with small acute projection at apex of dorsal flap ( Fig. 37E–F View Fig ); male gonopod with thin, fimbriate lateral lobe 2 ( Fig. 38A–B, D View Fig ); dorsal lobe with acute spiky projections ( Fig. 38A– D, F View Fig ); cheliceral claw with seven teeth and short row of setae on retrolateral view ( Fig. 39D View Fig ).

Etymology

Although unspecified in the original description, the species name evidently refers to the provenance of this species on an island, in this case the Galapagos Islands, to which it appears to be endemic.

Type material

Syntypes ECUADOR • Galapagos Islands: Albemarle Island (as Isla Isabela); [repository unknown] Narboro Island; [repository unknown] Chatham Island; [repository unknown] Hood Island; [repository unknown] [not examined].

Additional material

ECUADOR • 1 protonymph; Galapagos Islands; RBINS 26445/23.2.6 1 ♀, 1 exuvium; Galapagos Islands; 17 Feb. 1986; RBINS 27047 View Materials 1 ♀, 1 subad. ♂; Galapagos Islands, Turtle Bay, Isla de Santa Cruz ; 14 Jan. 1965; J. and N. Leleup leg. 1 ♀ [most legs and one pedipalp detached]; in crevice at foot of ravine, 1200 m from beach; RBINS 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Isla de Santa Cruz ; 17 Feb. 1965; J. and N. Leleup leg.; entrance of cave, under stone on clay [label indicates 2 ♀♀ and 1 juv., but vial contains only two specimens, one juvenile and another slightly larger, both with opisthosoma detached, hence impossible to determine sex of specimens]; RBINS 1 ♀, 2 juv. ♂♂; Española crest ; 26 Apr. 1992; 25 m a.s.l.; S. Peck and J. Cook leg.; under Opuntia Miller, 1754 bark and rocks; RBINS 92-143 View Materials 1 ♀, 2 juv.♀♀, 2 juv. ♂♂; 1988; L. Baert, K. Desender and J.P. Maelfait leg.; RBINS 27318 View Materials 1 ♀, 1 juv. ♂; RBINS 26445/23.2.1 2 juv. ♀♀, 2 juv. ♂♂; Isla de Santa Cruz, 800 m from pier of St Darwin; Dec. 1964; J. and N. Leleup leg.; at bottom of deep crevice (10 m); under rubble stone with soil and wet sand; RBINS 1 ♀, 6 juv.; Isla de Santa Cruz ; 17 Nov. 1964; J. and N. Leleup leg.; volcanic cave, 3.5 km N of Puerto Ayora village; RBINS 1 ♀, 2 juv. ♂♂, 1 protonymph; Cueva Bellavista, Isla de Santa Cruz ; 160 m a.s.l.; 22 Jan. 1989; S. Peck et al. leg.; RBINS 1 juv.; Santa Fé ; Oct. 1964; J. and N. Leleup leg.; RBINS 1 ♀; Bellavista, Isla de Santa Cruz ; 150 m a.s.l.; S. Peck leg.; bottle traps in caves; RBINS 96–97 View Materials 1 ♀; Puerto Ayora, Isla de Santa Cruz ; 28 Dec. 1991; S. Abedrabbo leg.; RBINS 2 ♀♀; Hornemeu Farm, Isla de Santa Cruz ; 250 m a.s.l.; Nov. 1964; J. and N. Leleup leg.; RBINS 4 juv. ♀♀; RBINS 768 View Materials 1 ♀ juv.; Pampa, 36 km from coast, Isla de Isabela ; 600–1000 m a.s.l.; Nov. 1964; J. and N Leleup; RBINS Isla de Santa Cruz ; 1 km from coast; 20 m a.s.l.; Feb. 1965; J. and N. Leleup leg.; inside cave; RBINS .

Supplementary description

CARAPACE. Six anterior setae ( Fig. 36A View Fig ); frontal process triangular ( Fig. 37D View Fig ), not visible in dorsal view. Small granules, densely scattered between ocular triads and among sulci ( Figs 36A View Fig , 37A–D View Fig ). Median eyes present; median tubercle shallow ( Fig. 37D View Fig ); one pair of setae on median ocular tubercle; lateral eyes well developed, with seta posterior to lateral ocular triad ( Fig. 37B View Fig )

STERNUM. Tritosternum projected anteriorly, with typical setation ( Fig. 36B View Fig ); other sternal platelets divided, concave, with one seta on each side of platelets and smaller setae posteriorly ( Fig. 37B View Fig ); pentasternum with four setae anteriorly and seta on membranous region ( Fig. 37B View Fig ).

OPISTHOSOMA. Ventral sacs and ventral sac cover absent.

GENITALIA. Female genital operculum with prominent setae posteromedially and some smaller setae near margin ( Fig. 37E View Fig ); gonopod cushion-like, flat, with projection on apex of retrolateral side of fold ( Fig. 37E–F View Fig ); base of gonopods sclerotized. Male gonopod markedly sclerotized at base of fistula and lateral lobe; lateral lobe 2 not fimbriate.

CHELICERAE. Small tooth projecting from retrolateral surface of basal segment, opposite to bifid tooth ( Fig. 39A–G View Fig ); retrolateral surface of claw with small patches of setae basally and medially ( Fig. 39D– E View Fig ); claw with seven teeth; transverse row of around eight setae on prolateral surface of basal segment; bifid tooth on basal segment with dorsal cusp larger than ventral cusp; setae on basal segment with acute apex and serrate margin ( Fig. 39F View Fig ), setae on claw with mop-like apex ( Fig. 39G View Fig ); hinge between basal segment and cheliceral claw with multiple slit sensilla ( Fig. 39C View Fig ).

PEDIPALPS. Coxal dorsal carina with three setae encircled by round carina and four setae on margin. Femur with four dorsal spines and four ventral spines ( Figs 2 View Fig , 36C–D View Fig , 40A–D View Fig ); two prominent setiferous tubercles between dorsal spine 1 and proximal margin; spine between ventral spine 1 and proximal margin ( Fig. 2 View Fig ). Patella with four dorsal spines in primary series ( Fig. 36C–D View Fig ); prominent setiferous tubercle distal to spine I, one-third length of spine I; two ventral spines in primary series ( Fig. 2 View Fig ); prominent setiferous tubercle between spine I and distal margin. Tibia with ventral spine distally and two or three setae between spine and distal margin ( Figs 2 View Fig , 36D View Fig ). Tarsus with two dorsal spines, proximal spine one-third length of distal spine; cleaning organ with 27–30 setae in ventral row. Spines with gland openings ( Fig. 40D View Fig ).

LEGS. Tibia of leg I with 23 articles (up to 29 in regenerated legs); tarsus I with 43 articles (up to 53 in regenerated legs); first tarsal article similar in length to subsequent articles; slit sensilla present on tarsal article 21. Leg IV patella with pair of trichobotria dorsally; surface surrounding trichobothrial insertions filled with erect scales ( Fig. 41A View Fig ). Leg IV basitibia with four pseudo-articles, with sclerotized, denticulate margin at apex of articles; trichobothrium bt situated in proximal third of pseudo-article; distitibia trichobothrium bc situated slightly closer to sbf than to bf, sc and sf series each with five trichobothria. Leg IV tarsus with projection between claws similar in length to last tarsal article; arolium microstructures with linear pattern at lip ( Fig. 41C–D View Fig ), randomly scattered at truncus ( Fig. 41C, E View Fig ).

Measurements

See Table 3 View Table 3 .

Distribution

This comparatively large species is endemic to the Galapagos archipelago, and has been recorded on several islands ( Baert & Mahnert 2015).

Natural history

Found inside and outside caves in cave entrances, ravines, under stones and rubble.

Remarks

The type material was collected during the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos Expedition, but the original description does not specify where the material is deposited. According to Dunn (1949), the type specimens may be in the collection of the Stanford University, California, but cannot be located.

The opisthosoma of the subadult male (the only male examined) is wrinkled and the genitalia distorted, hence impossible to describe. The large female specimen from Española (RBINS 92-143) appears to be adult, but has duplicate trichobotria (2 sbf, 2 bc and 2 bt), a character thus far known to occur only in juveniles ( Weygoldt 2000a).

Miranda & Giupponi (2011) misinterpreted the female gonopod of C. insularis , stating it is sucker-like. However, the species has a cushion-like gonopod with an acute apical projection ( Fig. 37E–F View Fig ).

RBINS

Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Amblypygi

Family

Charinidae

Genus

Charinus

Loc

Charinus insularis Banks, 1902

Miranda, Gustavo Silva de, Giupponi, Alessandro P. L., Prendini, Lorenzo & Scharff, Nikolaj 2021
2021
Loc

Charinus insularis

Banks N. 1902: 67
1902
Loc

Charinus insularis

Miranda G. S. & Milleri-Pinto M. & Goncalves-Souza T. & Giupponi A. P. L. & Scharff N. 2016: 19
Baert L. & Mahnert V. 2015: 2
Vasconcelos A. C. & Giupponi A. P. L. & Ferreira R. L. 2013: 497
Jocque M. & Giupponi A. P. L. 2012: 55
Miranda G. S. & Giupponi A. P. L. 2011: 62
Harvey M. S. 2003: 5
Baert L. & Maelfait J. - P. & Desender K. 1996: 13
Hernandez Pacheco J. J. & Izquierdo Zamora I. & Oromi Masoliver P. 1992: 89
Delle Cave L. 1986: 156
Peck S. B. & Kukalova-Peck J. 1986: 165
Peck S. B. & Peck J. 1986: 44
Stockton W. D. 1976: 57
Weygoldt P. 1972: 123
Roth V. D. & Craig P. R. 1970: 119
Dunn R. A. 1949: 7
Werner F. 1935: 471
Mello-Leitao C. 1931: 54
Snodgrass R. E. 1902: 79
1902
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