Sinotilla nigrothoracica Okayasu, 2018

Okayasu, Juriya, Williams, Kevin A. & Lelej, Arkady S., 2018, A remarkable new species of Sinotilla Lelej (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae: Smicromyrmini) from Taiwan and an overview of color diversity in East Asian mutillid females, Zootaxa 4446 (3), pp. 301-324 : 313-318

Sinotilla nigrothoracica Okayasu , sp. nov.

( FIGS 1–11 , 13 )

Diagnosis. FEMALE. THIS NEW SPECIES CAN bE SEPARATED FROM OTHER SPECIES OF GROUP 3 (sensu OKAyASU 2017) by THE FOLLOWING COMbINATION OF CHARACTERS: HEAD ROUNDED IN LATERAL VIEW; MANDIbLE WITHOUT INNER DENTICLES; HyPOSTOMAL TEETH INDISTINCT, REPRESENTED by WEAK ANGULATION; MESOSOMA bLACK WITH LATERAL MARGINS DISTINCTLy CONVERGENT POSTERIORLy; PRONOTAL NECK ELEVATED ANTERIORLy; MESOPLEURON WITHOUT TEETH; T1 bLACK. MALE. UNKNOWN.

Description. FEMALE. Color and setation. HEAD bLACK, SPARSELy AND ENTIRELy COVERED WITH RECUMbENT PALE GOLDEN SETAE AND WITH SPARSER ERECT PALE GOLDEN ONES ON FRONS AND VERTEX; EyE DORSALLy EDGED WITH LONG ERECT DARK bROWN SETAE; ANTENNAL TUbERCLE REDDISH bROWN; CLyPEUS bROWNISH bLACK WITH LONG PALE GOLDEN SETAE AND LONGITUDINAL TUFT OF PALE GOLDEN SETAE ON MEDIAN bASAL TUbERCLE; LAbRUM bLACK WITH bROWNISH TINGE. MANDIbLE WITH bASAL 1/3 yELLOW, MEDIAN 1/3 REDDISH bROWN AND APICAL 1/3 bLACK; SPARSELy COVERED WITH PALE GOLDEN SETAE. ANTENNA bLACK EXCEPT VENTRAL FACE OF F2–F7 REDDISH bROWN; SCAPE, PEDICEL AND F1 COVERED WITH PALE GOLDEN SETAE; F2–F10 COVERED WITH EXTREMELy SHORT, FINE PALE GOLDEN SETAE. PALPI yELLOW, COVERED WITH SHORT, ERECT PALE GOLDEN SETAE AND LONGER RECUMbENT PALE GOLDEN SETAE; MAXILLARy PALPUS SEGMENTS 2–6 DORSALLy WITH bLACK TINGE.

MESOSOMA bLACK WITH RED TINGE EXCEPT VENTRAL PORTIONS OF MESO- AND METAPLEURA AND PROPODEUM REDDISH bROWN; DORSAL AND PROPODEAL FACE OF MESOSOMA ENTIRELy COVERED WITH PALE GOLDEN SETAE, MIXED WITH SPARSER LONG ERECT ONES; PROPLEURON DORSO-MEDIALLy WITH VERy SHORT PALE GOLDEN SETAE; LATERAL FACE OF MESOSOMA COVERED WITH SPARSE, EXTREMELy SHORT, FINE, RECUMbENT PALE GOLDEN SETAE.

LEGS SPARSELy COVERED WITH PALE GOLDEN SETAE. PROLEG bLACK EXCEPT PROCOXA AND PROTROCHANTER REDDISH bROWN WITH bLACK TINGE; PROFEMUR TINGED WITH REDDISH bROWN; PROTIbIAL SPURS yELLOW. MESO- AND METACOXAE AND MESO- AND METATROCHANTERS REDDISH bROWN; MESO- AND METAFEMORA AND MESO- AND METATIbIAE bLACK, VENTRALLy TINGED WITH REDDISH bROWN; MESO- AND METATARSI REDDISH bROWN; MESO- AND METATIbIAL SPURS yELLOWISH WHITE.

METASOMA bLACK EXCEPT T1 LATERALLy AND S1 ENTIRELy REDDISH bROWN; S2 MEDIALLy WEAKLy TINGED WITH REDDISH bROWN; INTEGUMENT OF S2 SHINING; T1, T2 LATERALLy AND T3–T6 COVERED WITH ERECT PALE GOLDEN SETAE; T2 WITHOUT bASAL MEDIAN SPOT OF SETAE AND bLUISH METALLIC LUSTER, ENTIRELy COVERED WITH SHORT bLACK SETAE, AND WITH APICAL NARROW bAND OF DENSE APPRESSED PALE GOLDEN SETAE; T3 WITH WIDE UNIFORM bAND OF DENSE APPRESSED PALE GOLDEN SETAE; S1 COVERED WITH SHORT FINE RECUMbENT PALE GOLDEN SETAE AND WITH FEW ERECT ONES; S2 COVERED WITH SPARSE PALE GOLDEN SETAE; S2–S6 WITH EACH WITH APICAL FRINGE OF LONG PALE GOLDEN SETAE. PyGIDIAL AREA GLAbROUS, EDGED WITH LONG PALE GOLDEN SETAE LATERALLy. STING AND OVIPOSITOR SHEATH GOLDEN, LATTER WITH EXTREMELy SHORT, ERECT, PALE GOLDEN SETAE APICALLy.

Structure. IN DORSAL VIEW, OUTLINE OF HEAD PENTAGONAL WITH ANTERIOR MARGIN STRONGLy PROTRUDING, 1.35 × WIDER THAN LONG; LATERAL MARGINS STRONGLy CONVERGENT POSTERIORLy bEHIND EyE; POSTERIOR MARGIN TRUNCATE. IN LATERAL VIEW, OUTLINE OF HEAD ROUNDED; GENA WIDE WITH GOI = 1.07. FRONS, VERTEX AND GENA SPARSELy COVERED WITH SMALL PUNCTURES, LOWER PART OF FRONS IRREGULARLy PUNCTATE; LOWER PART OF FRONS MEDIALLy WITH LONGITUDINAL, IMPUNCTATE, GLAbROUS VERy WEAK GROOVE; GENAL CARINA WEAK bUT PRESENT; HyPOSTOMAL TEETH INDISTINCT, GENA ANGULAR ON THE jUNCTION OF HyPOSTOMAL CARINA AND GENAL CARINA; MINIMUM DISTANCE bETWEEN MANDIbULAR bASE AND HyPOSTOMAL TEETH 1.25 × AS MALAR SPACE; ANTENNAL SCRObE WITH WEAK DORSAL CARINA. EyE OVAL WITH RATIO bETWEEN HEIGHT AND MAXIMUM bREADTH = 52:37; SLIGHTLy PROTRUDING FROM HEAD CAPSULE. CLyPEUS WITH WEAKLy PROTRUDING TRANSVERSE LAMELLATE CARINA ON ANTERIOR MARGIN, AND WITH MEDIAN LONGITUDINAL TUbERCLE. MANDIbLE SHORT, SLENDER WITHOUT INNER DENTICLES. SCAPE STRONGLy bENDING; F1 LONG AND SLENDER, AbOUT 1.15 × LONGER THAN WIDE AND AbOUT 1.36 × LONGER THAN F2; F2–F9 ALMOST SAME IN LENGTH AND WIDTH; F10 LONG, CONICAL WITH APEX COMPRESSED bUT NOT CONCAVE. MAXILLARy PALPUS WITH SIX PALPOMERES; PALPOMERE 1 EXTREMELy SHORT, CONICAL; PALPOMERE 2 CyLINDRICAL, WEAKLy bENDING MEDIALLy; PALPOMERE 3 CyLINDRICAL, WEAKLy WIDENED TO APEX; PALPOMERES 4–6 LONG, COMPRESSED, LATERAL MARGINS PARALLEL bUT bASALLy STEEPLy CONVERGENT. LAbIAL PALPUS WITH FOUR PALPOMERES; PALPOMERE 1 EXTREMELy SHORT, CONICAL; PALPOMERE 2 SHORT, COMPRESSED, WIDER THAN LONG AND STRONGLy WIDENED TO APEX; PALPOMERE 3 SHORT, COMPRESSED, ALMOST RHOMbUS; PALPOMERE 4 LONGEST, bACULIFORM, CONVERGENT APICALLy AND bASALLy AND WEAKLy COMPRESSED.

MESOSOMA bROADEST AT PRONOTUM AND DISTINCTLy CONVERGENT POSTERIORLy IN DORSAL VIEW, MESOSOMAL WIDTH 0.65 × LENGTH; RELATIVE WIDTH OF HEAD:PRONOTUM:MESONOTUM:PROPODEUM:METASOMA = 100:85:85:72:111; DORSAL AND PROPODEAL FACE DENSELy AND STRONGLy PUNCTATE AND MICRO-PUNCTATE AMONG PUNCTURES; LATERAL FACE SMOOTH; PRONOTAL

NECK ELEVATED ANTERIORLy; ANTERIOR MARGIN OF PRONOTUM WITHOUT ANy TEETH; LATERAL MARGINS VERy WEAKLy CRENULATE; MESOPLEURON WITHOUT TEETH; PROPODEAL FACE POSTERIORLy IMPUNCTATE. SCUTELLAR SCALE NARROW, NAIL-LIKE, WIDTH 0.11 × THE PROPODEAL WIDTH AND 2.5 × THE DIAMETER OF NEARby PUNCTURES.

MESOTIbIA WITH PAIR OF LONGITUDINAL ROWS OF SPINES ON OUTER FACE, ANTERIOR ONE INCLUDING THREE SPINES AND POSTERIOR ONE INCLUDING FOUR SPINES; METATIbIA WITH ROW OF FOUR SPINES ON OUTER FACE; METATIbIA APICALLy WITH THREE SPINES INCLUDING LAST SPINE OF ROW; CLAWS SIMPLE, WITHOUT DENTICLES.

METASOMA OVAL; T1 SPARSELy WITH MINUTE PUNCTURES, POSTERIORLy DENSER, DISTANCE AMONG PUNCTURES AT LEAST 3 × THE DIAMETER ANTERIORLy bUT AT MOST THREE × THE DIAMETER POSTERIORLy; T2 DENSELy COVERED WITH MINUTE PUNCTURES, DISTANCE AMONG PUNCTURES ALMOST EqUAL TO DIAMETER, ANTERIORLy AND ANTERO-LATERALLy SPARSER WITH DISTANCE AMONG PUNCTURES AT LEAST TWICE DIAMETER; T3–T4 AND S6 DENSELy MICRO-PUNCTATE; T5–T6 AND S3–S5 MODERATELy DENSELy MICRO-PUNCTATE; S1 WITH MEDIAN LONGITUDINAL CARINA, ITS OUTER MARGIN STRAIGHT; S1–S2 SPARSELy WITH MINUTE PUNCTURES, DISTANCE AMONG PUNCTURES MORE THAN 3 × DIAMETER; POSTERIOR MARGIN OF S6 NOTCHED. T6 PyGIDIAL AREA UNSCULPTURED, POLISHED AND REMARKAbLy CONVERGENT bASALLy WITH LATERAL MARGINS NOT CARINATE EVEN APICALLy.

Measurement (N = 1). BODy LENGTH: 5.74 MM. HEAD WIDTH: 1.27 MM. CED = 11/7. REP = 5/13. RML = 11/26. RATIO bETWEEN LENGTH AND WIDTH OF PEDICEL (DORSAL VIEW) AND F1–F10 = 9:9; 15:13; 11:14; 11:14; 11:13; 11:12; 12:12; 13:12; 12:11; 13:12; 19:11, RESPECTIVELy. RELATIVE LENGTH OF EACH PALPOMERE OF MAXILLARy PALPUS = 5:12:21:25:25:25. RELATIVE LENGTH OF EACH PALPOMERE OF LAbIAL PALPUS = 5:8:8:16.

MALE. UNKNOWN.

Type material. HOLOTyPE: ♀, TAIWAN, NANTOU CO., LIENHUACHIH, 5.V.1996, HARUO TAKIZAWA LEG . [HUM]. Paratypes: TAIWAN: Pingtung Co., Kenting , 26.VIII.1998, L.M. Jaung [1♀, TFRI] ; Taipei Co., Wulai, L. Stange and H. Wang , Malaise trap: 15.I.2003 [1♀, CSCA] ; 12-15.IX.2002 [2♀, FSCA].

Distribution. TAIWAN.

Etymology. FROM THE LATIN nigra, bLACK, AND THE THORAX, AN INSECT’S MIDDLE bODy SEGMENT, THIS SPECIFIC EPITHET REFERS TO THE bLACK MESOSOMA OF THIS NEW SPECIES.

Remarks. THIS NEW SPECIES IS EXCEPTIONAL AMONG THE FEMALES OF Sinotilla IN HAVING THE MESOSOMA bLACK. IT LACKS THE bASAL SPOT OF SETAE AND bLUISH METALLIC LUSTER ON T2 AND bELONGS TO GROUP 3 OF OKAyASU (2017), WHICH CURRENTLy INCLUDES S. yakushimensis ( YASUMATSU, 1934) AND S. subparallela ( CHEN, 1957). IN THIS GROUP, S. nigrothoracica sp. nov. CAN bE DISTINGUISHED FROM THE OTHER SPECIES by ITS ROUNDED HEAD (ELONGATE IN S.

subparallela ), INDISTINCT HyPOSTOMAL TEETH (DISTINCT IN S. subparallela AND S. yakushimensis ), MANDIbLE WITHOUT INNER DENTICLES (WITH A DISTINCT INNER DENTICLE IN yakushimensis ), bLACK MESOSOMA (yELLOWISH RED IN S. yakushimensis AND S. subparallela ) WITH LATERAL MARGINS DISTINCTLy CONVERGENT POSTERIORLy (SUbPARALLEL IN S. subparallela ), MESOPLEURON WITHOUT ANy TEETH (WITH A SMALL UPWARD TOOTH ON VENTRAL 1/3 IN yakushimensis ), AND bLACK T1 (yELLOWISH RED IN S. subparallela ).

Figures

FIGURES 1–2. Sinotilla nigrothoracica sp. nov., ♀, holotype, habitus. 1. Dorsal view; 2. lateral view. Scales = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 3–9. Sinotilla nigrothoracica sp. nov., ♀, holotype. 3. Habitus, ventral view; 4. pedicel and F1–F6; 5. head, dorsal view; 6. head, frontal view; 7. head, lateral view; 8. propodeum, dorsal view; 9. pygidial area. Scales: 3 = 1.0 mm, 4, 9 = 0.3 mm, 5–8 = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 10–11. Sinotilla nigrothoracica sp. nov., ♀, holotype. 10. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 11. metasoma, dorsal view. Scales = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 12–13. Sinotilla spp., ♀, head. 12. S. ohbayashii Okayasu, 2017, holotype, lateral view (from Okayasu 2017); 13. S. nigrothoracica sp. nov., holotype, postero-lateral view. Scales: 12 = 0.5 mm, 13 = 0.3 mm.