Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti, 1768)

Llanqui, Irbin B., Y. Salas, Cinthya & Oblitas, Melissa P., 2019, A preliminary checklist of amphibians and reptiles from the vicinity of La Nube Biological Station, Bahuaja-Sonene National Park, Peru, Check List 15 (5), pp. 773-796 : 778-779

Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti, 1768)

Material examined. MUSA 4923; (13°25′20″S, 069°36′ 36″W), 24.IX.2013.

Identification. A moderate sized toad, SVL 40–67 mm in males and 46–87 mm in females. It can be identified by having typical cranial crests which are expanded dorsolaterally. Head is typically triangular in dorsal view. Dorsal skin tubercular; venter coarsely areolate. Dorsum highly variable: brown, grayish brown, reddish brown or tan, commonly exhibiting dark brown to black blotches, a light cream vertebral line present in some individuals. Venter cream, or gray in some cases with brown mottling. Similar species in nearby localities is:

Amazophrynella javierbustamantei , which can be con-

fused with juveniles of R. margaritifera , but its posterior venter is pale yellowish-orange with small rounded black or dark brown spots ( Duellman 1978, 2005, Rodriguez and Duellman 1994, Lavilla et al. 2013, S. P. dos Santos et al. 2015, Rojas et al. 2016).

Distribution. Rhinella margaritifera is widely distributed in the Amazonian forest in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela up to 2400 m a.s.l. ( Lavilla et al. 2013, Frost 2019).