Cis occamy Rosa-Oliveira & Lopes-Andrade, 2023

Rosa-Oliveira, Ayessa & Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2023, Cis occamy sp. nov, the first representative of the Cis bilamellatus species-group (Coleoptera, Ciidae) in the Neotropical region, Zootaxa 5323 (2), pp. 268-274 : 270-273

Cis occamy Rosa-Oliveira & Lopes-Andrade , sp. nov.

Figs 1–9

Type locality. “Horto Florestal Navarro de Andrade” at Rio Claro, in the state of S„o Paulo, Southeast Region of Brazil.

Etymology. The species name is inspired by the animal Occamy, from the story “Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them”. The name of the creature is a reference to the Ockham’s Razor (also known as the “law of parsimony”), which is a logical principle where the best solution is the one with the fewest possible premises.

Diagnosis. In males of Cis occamy the anterocephalic plate ( Figs 1–4 ) is larger than the pronotal plate and is broadly emarginate apically, the tegmen is subcylindrical, subparallel-sided for most of its length and lacks lateral emarginations. In females, the pronotum does not narrow from the posterior to the anterior edge and the outer apical angle of the protibiae is toothed (although smaller than in males). Among species in the bilamellatus group, Cis occamy is morphologically most similar to C. australis and C. walkeri , but differs from both in the sparser pronotal punctation and vestiture, males with anterocephalic edge broadly and conspicuously emarginate apically (barely emarginate in C. australis and C. walkeri ), and the tegmen ( Fig 6 ) subparallel-sided for most of its length (conspicuously sinuous in C. australis and C. walkeri ). Additionally, Cis australis is longer (TL 1.9–2.5; Lawrence 2016) and the male anterocephalic and pronotal plates are distinctly shorter.

Holotype ( Figs 1–4 ). Adult male ( Figs 1–4 ). Measurements in mm: TL 1.34, PL 0.48, PW 0.59, EL 0.86, EW 0.61, GD 0.45. Ratios: PL / PW 0.82, EL/EW 1.41, EL/ PL 1.77, GD/EW 0.74, TL/EW 2.21. Body oblong, moderately convex, dorsum and venter coppery-brown; antennae, palpi and tarsi yellowish-brown; venter shagreened, with vestiture of decumbent, slender pale yellow setae. Head ( Figs 1–4 ) with anteriormost portion visible from above; dorsum with few shallow, sparse punctures, subglabrous, interspaces microreticulate and dull; anterocephalic edge elevated and projected forwards into a laminar plate, broadly emarginate at apex forming two short subtriangular edges. Antennae with ten antennomeres, as follows (in mm, right antenna measured): 0.05, 0.04, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, 0.06 ( FL 0.13 mm, CL 0.14 mm, CL/FL 1.08 mm). Eyes coarsely facetted, with about 50 ommatidia; GW 0.12 mm. Gula 0.61x as wide as head. Pronotum with punctation single, shallow; punctures distributed irregularly, separated by 1–1.3 puncture-widths; interspaces finely and shallowly microreticulate close to edges, especially the anterior edge, smooth and shiny on disc; vestiture single, consisting of suberect (~ 0.02 mm) yellow bristles; anterior edge slightly elevated and projected forwards into a short laminar plate, narrower than that of the head, emarginate at apex forming two short subtriangular edges; lateral edges slightly crenulate, narrowly explanate, visible for their entire lengths from above. Scutellar shield subtriangular, with a few punctures and decumbent bristles; BW 0.07 mm; SL 0.04 mm. Elytra with dual, subseriate punctation and vestiture; megapunctures varying slightly in diameter, a bit smaller and sparser than those on pronotum, each with a minute seta (0.01 mm); micropunctures each with a suberect yellow bristle (~ 0.03 mm); interspaces rugose, shiny. Metathoracic wings (in paratypes) developed, apparently functional. Hypomera with sparse, shallow punctation; each puncture bearing a slender decumbent seta. Prosternum biconcave. Prosternal process parallel-sided, about as long as prosternum at midline; apex rounded. Protibiae about 4x as long as maximum width (at apex); outer apical angle projected into a tooth. Meso- and metatibiae about 5.8x and 5.4x as long as wide, respectively; outer apical angle rounded. Metaventrite with small, shallow punctures; discrimen about half the length of metaventrite at midline. Abdominal ventrites with sparse, shallow punctures; length of ventrites (in mm, from base to apex at the longitudinal midline) as follows: 0.17, 0.06, 0.06, 0.06, 0.07; first abdominal ventrite with a margined, circular, fully exposed sex patch at middle ( Fig. 5 , arrow), with a transverse diameter of 0.03 mm. Male terminalia (in paratypes; Fig. 6 ) with sternite VIII subtrapezoidal, with posterior margin slightly curved inward and posterior angles with elongate setae; tegmen 4.6x as long as wide (2.6x–3.5x when compressed between lamina and cover slip), subcylindrical, enlarging slightly from base to 3/4 of its length, then tapering to apex; apex emarginate at middle to about 1/4 of its length, forming two lateral lobes with several basiconical sensilla; basal piece subtriangular, about as long as large; penis 0.8x as long as tegmen, about 4.5x as long as wide; subcylindrical with subtriangular apex.

Female paratypes ( Fig. 7 ). Similar to males except for the following features: anterocephalic edge not projected forwards, slightly sinuous anteriorly, cephalic dorsum pubescent; anterior edge of pronotum broadly rounded; each protibia with external apical angle toothed, but the tooth shorter than that in males; first abdominal ventrite lacking sex patch. Female abdominal terminalia ( Fig. 8 ) as follows: spiculum ventrale slightly longer than paraprocts and gonocoxites together; paraprocts about as long as gonocoxites and gonostyli together; baculi of proctiger about as long as baculi of paraprocts; gonocoxites transversely divided forming three folds at each side, with a pair of gonostyli about 4.5x as long as wide and 0.18x the length of gonocoxites together.

Type series. Holotype: ♂ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: SP, Rio Claro , Horto Florestal Navarro de Andrade, 30.xi.2001, leg. A. A. Zacaro \ Cis occamy Rosa-Oliveira & Lopes-Andrade HOLOTYPUS [printed in red label]” . Paratypes: 9 ♂♂ and 15 ♀♀ ( CELC; 1 ♂ and 1♀ dissected), same data of the holotype ; 1 ♂ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, Canela, Área CEEE , 08.viii.2015, A. G. Mezzomo leg. \ Fuscoporia gilva ” ; 1 ♂ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, Canela, Área CEEE , 22.x.2015, A. G. Mezzomo leg.” ; 1 ♂ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, Canela, Área CEEE , 28.xi.2015, A. G. Mezzomo leg. \ Trametes membranaceae ” ; 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ ( CELC; 2 ♂♂ dissected) “ BRASIL: ES, Atílio Vivacqua, Mata Zé , 16.iv.2007, K. S. Furieri leg. \ Phellinus sp. ” ; 18 ♂♂ and 29 ♀♀ ( CELC; 1 ♂ dissected) “ BRASIL: RS, São Francisco de Paula, FLONA SFP , ix.2006, L. V. Graf leg.” ; 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, São Francisco de Paula, FLONA SFP , i.2007, L. V. Graf leg.” ; 6 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: MG, Viçosa, Atrás do Insetário , 12.xi.2003, D. J. Souza leg.” ; 2 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, Santa Tereza, RPPN Vale do Moinho Brum , 03.ix.2015, A. G. Mezzomo leg. \ Trametes villosa ” ; 1 ♂ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, Santa Tereza, RPPN Vale do Moinho Brum , 03.ix.2015, A. G. Mezzomo leg. \ Pycnoporus sanguineus ” ; 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ ( CELC) “ BRASIL: RS, Santa Tereza, RPPN Vale do Moinho Brum , 12.xii.2016, A. G. Mezzomo leg. \ Pycnoporus sanguineus ” . All paratypes additionally labelled “ Cis occamy Rosa-Oliveira & Lopes-Andrade PARATYPUS [printed in yellow paper]”.

Measurements (in mm) and ratios. Males (n = 24): TL 1.22–1.53 (1.38 ± 0.09), PL 0.42–0.56 (0.49 ± 0.04), PW 0.53–0.67 (0.60 ± 0.04), EL 0.75–1.02 (0.88 ± 0.07), EW 0.53–0.69 (0.62 ± 0.04), GD 0.42–0.53 (0.48 ± 0.03). Ratios (n = 24): PL/PW 0.74–0.90 (0.82 ± 0.04), EL/EW 1.26–1.53 (1.42 ± 0.07), EL/PL 1.50–2.07 (1.79 ± 0.15), GD/EW 0.69–0.89 (0.77 ± 0.04), TL/EW 2.05–2.35 (2.22 ± 0.07). Females (n = 19): TL 1.17–1.66 (1.38 ± 0.12), PL 0.41–0.56 (0.47 ± 0.04), PW 0.50–0.78 (0.59 ± 0.06), EL 0.77–1.08 (0.91 ± 0.09), EW 0.53–0.80 (0.63 ± 0.06), GD 0.34–0.54 (0.48 ± 0.04). Ratios (n = 19): PL/PW 0.71–0.88 (0.79 ± 0.04), EL/EW 1.29–1.59 (1.45 ± 0.09), EL/PL 1.69–2.19 (1.95 ± 0.13), GD/EW 0.65–0.86 (0.76 ± 0.05), TL/EW 2.05–2.36 (2.20 ± 0.10).

Host fungi. Fabisporus sanguineus (L.) Zmitr., Trametes membranacea (Sw.) Kreisel and Trametes villosa (Sw.) Kreisel (Polyporaceae) ; and Fuscoporia gilva (Schwein.) T. Wagner & M. Fisch. (Hymenochaetaceae) .

Distribution ( Fig. 9 ). Cis occamy is known from six localities within Brazil: three in the Southeast Region (Atílio Vivacqua, state of Espírito Santo; Rio Claro, state of S„o Paulo; Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais) and three in the South Region (Canela, Santa Tereza and S„o Francisco de Paula, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul). All known specimens were collected within forested areas of the Atlantic Forest biome.

Comments. The species cited as “ Cis sp. T” by Araujo et al. (2015) does belong to the bilamellatus group, as cited by the authors, but it is a separate species, morphologically different from C. occamy . However, it is known only from a single male, collected at the National Park of Itatiaia, a protected area at the state of Rio de Janeiro, in the Southeast Region of Brazil, and we prefer to wait for more specimens to be collected to describe that species.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Distribution map of Cis occamy sp. n. (red triangles) in the South and Southeast Regions of Brazil.

FIGURES 1–8. Cis occamy sp. nov., male holotype (1–4), dissected parts from a male paratype of the type-locality Rio Claro, in the state of S„o Paulo (5–6), female paratype (7) and dissected terminalia from a female paratype from Rio Claro (8). 1. Dorsal view. 2. Lateral view. 3. Ventral view. 4. Oblique view of head and pronotum. 5. Part of the first abdominal ventrite, showing the setose sex patch (arrow). 6. Dissected abdominal terminalia, showing the VIII sternite (viii-st), basal piece (b.p), tegmen (teg) and penis (pen). 7. Dorsal view. 8. Dissected abdominal terminalia, showing the spiculum ventrale (s.v) and the ovipositor with the gonostyli (gs), gonocoxites (gc), paraprocts (pp) and proctiger (pt). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (1–3, 7), 0.2 mm (4), 0.1 mm (5–6), 0.2 mm (8).