Carduus vivariensis, Jordan

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 226

21. C. vivariensis Jordan , Obs. Pl. Crit. 3: 212 (1846).

Biennial up to 100 cm. Stem sparsely arachnoid-hairy; wings up to 6 mm wide, flat, triangular-dentate or -lobed with an apical spine up to 8 mm. Leaves oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, glabrous, or with crispate, short multicellular hairs beneath, with 6-8 pairs of triangular-palmate lobes, the veins raised beneath in their distal |. Capitula 25-35 mm in diameter, subglobose, pedunculate or sessile; involucral bracts usually free at apex and more or less recurved, glabrous or nearly so, the outer and middle linearsubulate, the mid-vein raised in the distal \ only; inner bracts veinless. Corolla 18-20 mm. Achenes 3-4 mm, compressed, smooth; apical prominence lobed; pappus 13-15 mm. Dry, stony places androadsides. • S., C. & E. Spain, S. & S.C. France. GaHs.

1 Capitula sessile or on a glabrescent peduncle not more than

3 cm; spines on wings of stem and leaf-lobes up to 8 mm

(c) subsp. assoi 1 Capitula on greyish-tomentose peduncles more than 3 cm; spines on wings of stem and leaf-lobes not more than 4 mm

2 Leaveswithabundant hairsbeneath; outer involucralbracts shorter than middle (a) subsp. vivariensis 2 Leavessparselyhairy beneath; outer involucralbractsalmost

as long as or slightly longer than middle (b) subsp. australis