Diptera, , 1758

Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2019, New South American species of Crossopalpus Bigot (Diptera: Hybotidae: Tachydromiinae), including biogeographical insights and a reinterpretation of female abdominal tergite 10 in Drapetidini, Zootaxa 4559 (1), pp. 111-135 : 112-113

Key for identification of South American species of Crossopalpus Bigot ( Diptera , Hybotidae , Tachydromiinae )

1 Scutum not densely bristled, with only few acrostichal (acr) and dorsocentral (dc) bristles ( Figs 24, 26, 30 ). Fore and mid tibiae yellow ( Figs 23, 25, 29 )............................................................................... 2

- Scutum densely bristled, bearing several rows of acr and dc bristles ( Figs 16, 18 , 28 ). At least fore or mid tibiae darkened ( Figs 10 , 16, 17 , 27 ), reddish-yellow to brown................................................................... 4

2 Frons and vertex with patch of white tomentum ( Fig. 24 ). Antennae black, postpedicel concolorous with preceding segments ( Figs 23, 24 ). Femora concolorous, yellow ( Figs 23–24 ). Shorter species, about 1 mm ............... C. albivertex sp. nov.

- Frons and vertex without patch of white tomentum ( Figs 26, 30 ). Antennae dark brown to yellow, postpedicel lighter in color than preceding segments ( Figs 26, 29, 30 ). Hind femur darker than fore and mid femora ( Figs 25, 29 ). Longer species, about 2 mm ............................................................................................... 3

3 Palpus ( Fig. 29 ) and abdomen yellow ( Figs 29, 30 ). Hind tibia darkened ( Fig. 29 ). Wing milky, with no infuscation, second costal section 2/3 length of third costal section ( Fig. 35 ).................................... C. xanthogaster sp. nov.

- Palpus dark brown ( Fig. 25 ), abdomen pale brown ( Figs 25, 26 ). Tibiae concolorous, yellow ( Fig. 25 ). Wing slightly brown infuscate near base, second costal section about as long as third costal section ( Fig. 32 )............... C. aliceae sp. nov.

4 Palpus yellow ( Figs 10 , 17 ). Fore and mid femora with brown to reddish-brown extensive markings, hind femur black ( Figs 10 , 16, 17 ). Wing hyaline, lacking infuscation, venation pale brown to brown ( Figs 16, 17 )........................... 5

- Palpus somewhat darkened, brownish-yellow. Fore and mid femora brownish-yellow, hind femur brownish-yellow with brown infuscation on apical 2/3 ( Figs 27, 28 ). Wing brown infuscate, venation dark brown to black ( Fig. 34 )... C. goliathus sp. nov.

5 Head lacking tomentum on upper 1/2 of postocular area. Fore tibia yellow ( Fig. 10 ). Hind femur slender ( Fig. 10 ), bearing 2 subapical anteroventral setae. Vein R 4+5 only slightly arched, M 1 slightly bowed, initially divergent from each other and convergent near apex ( Fig. 33 )............................................................ C. armipes ( Bezzi, 1909)

- Head tomentose on upper 1/2 of postocular area ( Fig. 16 ). Fore tibia brownish-yellow ( Fig. 17 ). Hind femur strongly swollen ( Figs 16, 17 ), bearing 1 subapical anteroventral strong seta. Both veins R 4+5 and M 1 strongly arched, parallel throughout ( Figs 16, 17 ).................................................................... C. pennescens ( Melander, 1918)

Figures

FIGURES 23–30. Crossopalpus Bigot. Male habitus. 23–24. Crossopalpus albivertex sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, CZMA); 23. Lateral view; 24. Dorsal view; 25–26. Crossopalpus aliceae sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, INPA). 25. Lateral view; 26. Dorsal view; 27–28. Crossopalpus goliathus sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, CZMA); 27. Lateral view; 28. Dorsal view; 29–30. Crossopalpus xanthogaster sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, INPA); 29. Lateral view; 30. Dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 16–19. Crossopalpus pennescens (Melander, 1918) (Holotype ♀, NMNH). 16. Lateral habitus; 17. Frontal habitus; 18. Dorsal habitus; 19. Labels. Scale bars = 0.5mm. Figures kindly provided by Alyssa Seemann, National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Smithsonian Institution.

FIGURES 10–11. Crossopalpus armipes (Bezzi, 1909) (Holotype ♀, SMTD). 10. Lateral habitus; 11. Labels. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Figures kindly provided by Uwe Kallweit, from Senckenberg Museum für Tierkunde Dresden (SMTD).

FIGURES 31–35. Crossopalpus Bigot. Wings. 31. Crossopalpus albivertex sp. nov. (Paratype ♂, Cabaceiras, Paraíba, INPA); 32. Crossopalpus aliceae sp. nov. (Paratype ♂, Umuarama, Paraná, INPA); 33. Crossopalpus armipes (Bezzi, 1909) (Holotype ♀, Tacna, SMTD); 34. Crossopalpus goliathus sp. nov. (Paratype ♂, Ubajara, Ceará, INPA); 35. Crossopalpus xanthogaster sp. nov. (Paratype ♀, Zongo, La Paz, INPA). Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Figure 33 kindly provided by Uwe Kallweit, from Senckenberg Museum für Tierkunde Dresden (SMTD).