Rhamnapion Kissinger, 2005

Kissinger, David G., 2005, Review Of Apioninae Of Chile (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Apionidae), The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (1), pp. 71-90 : 77-81

Genus Rhamnapion Kissinger , new genus

Type Species. Apion pachymerum Philippi and Philippi, 1864: 364 .

Generic Name. A combination of the root syllable from the family name of the probable host plants of these species, Rhamnaceae , and the generic name, Apion , as suggested by Dr. G. Kuschel; gender neuter.

Generic Characters. The principal autapomorphies are parameres with apical lobes distinctly shorter than postfenestral plate and in profile apical region of apical lobes is relatively thick compared to the dorsal plate of the parameres; other characters include vestiture of prothorax and elytra moderately dense, uniform throughout, consisting of narrowly elliptical scales; in profile rostrum curved, without a ventral submedial sulcus, rostrum of male not produced on ventral margin; subcephalic ridge reduced; pronotum with basal flange and basal fovea; 1 specialized seta on apex of interval 9; radial window present; flight wings present; male protarsomere 1 with spine on inner apical angle; male pygidium of apionine type; parameres with sides produced into vertical curtain surrounding median lobe, attachment of vertical curtain to basal piece broad, parameres fused to basal piece, membranous lobes of parameres without microtrichae, apical lobes of parameres a single lobe, apical lobes without macrochaetae.5 microns, basal median area of parameres variable (either flat or with a carina); and endophallus with 4 rows of toothlike structures, without large hooklike structure.

Genus also includes Apion humerale Philippi and Philippi, 1864: 364 .

Rhamnapion pachymerum (Philippi and Philippi) , new combination ( Figs. 7, 8 )

Apion pachymerum Philippi and Philippi, 1864: 364 . Type Material: 1 syntype, in Collection Philippi (MNNC), no original labels. Lectotype, here designated, labeled by G. Kuschel, who gives dimensions of specimen as 2.5 mm long 3 1.2 mm wide, [white locality label with 3 lines] ‘‘ Chile, Valdivia/Fundo San

78 THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 59(1), 2005

Juan/Coll. Philippi’’; [red lectotype label with 4 lines] ‘‘ Lectotype,? / Apion pachymerum /RA & F Philippi/G Kuschel, 2002’’; number of syntypes not specified in original description; there is a female specimen of pachymerum in Collection Philippi without a head which was not considered to be a syntype (G. Kuschel, in litt.).

Description. With generic characters. Length 2.28–2.70 mm; width 1.12–1.54 mm. General aspect black, tarsi and antennae dark piceous. Vestiture white, moderately coarse, decumbent, moderately dense, uniform. Male rostrum 0.95–1.15 mm long; 1.49–1.97 as long as prothorax; in profile curved, dorsal margin of scrobe evenly descending below eye, sides convergent from base to apex; in dorsal view expanded at apex. Female rostrum 1.39–1.44 mm long; 2.04–2.39 as long as prothorax; much like male. Head in profile with dorsal margin strongly convex, strongly, abruptly constricted behind eye. Prothorax 0.55–0.69 mm long, at base 1.00–1.23 as wide as long; pronotal surface finely alutaceous, with moderately dense, shallow punctures. Elytra at middle with interval 2 twice as wide as stria, nearly flat, alutaceous, with 3–5 somewhat confused rows of minute punctures bearing scales similar to those on pronotum; striae deep, coarse, bearing row of scales longer and coarser than those on adjacent interval; on apex striae joining 1 þ 2 þ 9 (2 prolonged laterally before joining 1 þ 9); 3 þ 4; 5 þ 6; 7 þ 8. Male characters: protarsomere 1 on inner apical angle with simple, acute spiniform process 45–55 microns long; protarsomere 2 distinctly longer than protarsomere 1, femur 1 stouter than 2, femur 3 strongly incrassate, maximum width about 1.9 that of femur 2; vestiture of the following areas may consist of fine, suberect setae 0.09– 0.13 mm long: ventral surface of trochanter 1, 2 and 3; venter of femur 2 and 3; apical region of tibia 2; anterior margin of tibia 3 (posterior margin of tibia 3 may be somewhat convex); median area of metasternum; and on sternum 5.

Distribution. The range is between latitude 29 8 45 9 S and 46 8 50 9 S in the Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Maule, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos, and Aisén Regions in Chile as well as Neuquén and Río Negro Provinces in Argentina.

Argentina. Neuquén: 1? 1 /, San Martín de los Andes, I.1949, F. Monrós ( NZAC). Río Negro: Bariloche ( NZAC). Chile. Coquimbo: 2?, Cuesta Las Cardas, 20.XI.1959 ( NZAC). Valparaíso: 1 /, Valle Piuquenes [in the Andean Range nearest to Piscicultura], Río Blanco, 19–25.XI.1958 ( NZAC); 1? 4 /, Piscicultura, Río Blanco, 17–20.XI.1958, L. E. Peña ( USNM); 3? 8 /, Piscicultura, 8.XII.1970, F. Ramirez ( CMNC). Metropolitana de Santiago: 32 ??//, Santiago, Valle de Yeso, Baños Moreles, 2,400 m ( CMNC) [Valle de Yeso and Baños Morales are located in different valleys]. Maule: 3? 2 /, Curicó Prov., Estero La Jaula, I.1964, [L. E. Peña] ( USNM); 4? 10 /, Cord. Parral, Fundo Malcho, XI.1956, L. E. Peña ( USNM); 1 /, Cord. Parral, La Balsa, 850 m, 24–27.II.1956 ( USNM). Biobío: 2?, Abanico, 800 m, 25.I.1948, G. Kuschel ( NZAC); 1?, Trapatrapa, 1,200 m, 22.I.1948, G. Kuschel, on Colletia (NZAC) ; 1?, Pichinahuel, Cord. Nahuelbuta, 23–31.XII.1958 ( NZAC). Araucanía: 1?, Malleco, Princesa, 20 km W Curacautin, 12.XII.1984 – 16.II.1985, S. & J. Peck, FIT, 1,000 m, Nothofagus forest ( CMNC); 4 /, Malleco, 20 km E Villa Portales, 1,000 m, 22.XII.1976, H. F. Howden ( CMNC); 1 /, Icalma, 29–31.XII.1958 ( NZAC); 63 ??//, Cautín, Estero Molco, 18.II.1991, T. Cekalovic ( CMNC); 2? 4 /, Cautín, Lonquimay Valley, 23.XII.1994, G. Kuschel, on Discaria and Colletia (NZAC) ; 2? 2 /, PN Conguillío, 1,000 m, 12.XII.1990, G. Kuschel, on Discaria chacaye or Colletia ulicina (NZAC) . Los Lagos: 2? 1 /, Playa Puyehue, PN de Puyehue, Osorno Prov, Site 30A, 185 m, 1.II.1979, Valdivian Rain Forest, A. C. Ashworth, J. W. Hoganson, on vegetation ( USNM). Aisén: 1 /, Lago Buenos Aires, Puerto Cristal, 23.I.1956 ( NZAC); 1 /, Coihiaque [Cohaique] Alto, 20 km W, 9.III.1961, Luis Peña ( CMNC).

Biology. Associated with Colletia spinosa Lam. , Colletia ulicina Gillies & Hook. and ( Discaria ¼) Colletia chacaye G. Don. (Rhamnaceae) (G. Kuschel, in litt.).

Rhamnapion humerale (Philippi and Philippi) , new combination ( Figs. 9, 10 )

Apion humerale Philippi and Philippi, 1864: 16 . Type Material: 8 syntypes, in Collection Philippi (MNNC), no original labels. Lectotype, here designated, labeled by G. Kuschel, who gives dimensions of specimen as 2.1 mm long 3 1.0 mm wide, [white locality label] ‘‘ Chile, Valdivia/Fundo San Juan/ Coll. Philippi’ ’; [red lectotype label with 4 lines] ‘‘ Lectotype,? / Apion humerale / RA & F Philippi / G Kuschel, 2002’’; original number of syntypes not specified in original description; there are 7 paralectotypes designated with blue labels (G. Kuschel, in litt.).

Description. With generic characters. Length 1.67–2.39 mm; width 0.84–1.28 mm. General aspect black, tarsi and antennae more piceous. Vestiture white, moderately coarse, decumbent, moderately dense, uniform. Male rostrum 0.51–0.66 mm long; 1.27–1.46 as long as prothorax; in profile curved, dorsal margin of scrobe evenly descending below eye, sides convergent from antennal insertion to apex. Female rostrum 0.57–0.88 mm long; 1.19–1.71 as long as prothorax; much like male. Head in profile with dorsal margin flat above basal margin of eye. Prothorax 0.40– 0.58 mm long, at base 1.14–1.27 as wide as long; pronotal surface finely alutaceous, with moderately dense shallow punctures. Elytra at middle with interval 2 three times as wide as stria, convex, alutaceous, with 3–4 confused rows of minute punctures bearing scales similar to those on pronotum; striae moderately coarse, bearing row of scales (usually) longer than those on adjacent interval; on apex striae joining 1 þ 2 þ 9 (2 prolonged laterally before joining 1 þ 9), 3 þ 4, 5 þ 6, 7 þ 8. 80 THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 59(1), 2005

0.36 mm.

Male characters: protarsomere 1 with spiniform process on inner apical angle 40–46 microns long; median area of metasternum and sternum 5 with scales somewhat finer than in female.

Distribution. The range is between latitude 31 8 40 9 S and 38 8 45 9 S in the Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Libertador, Biobío and Araucanía Regions of Chile and at 41 8 10 9 S in Argentina.

Argentina. Río Negro: Bariloche at Lago Nahuelhuapi ( NZAC) . Chile. Valparaíso: 1?, Aconcagua, Guardia Vieja , XII.1949, Ramirez ( NZAC) ; 1 /, Valle Piuquenes, Río Blanco , 19–25.XI.1958 ( NZAC) . Metropolitana de Santiago: 2 /, El Canelo, 14.XI.1945, G. Kuschel ( NZAC) ; 1 /, El Canelo , XII.1979, P. Arnaud ( CMNC) ; 2 /, Manquehue , 23.X.1945, G. Kuschel ( NZAC) ; 1? 2 /, Cuesta Zapata , 13.IX.1952 ( NZAC) ; 1?, Peñalolén , 21.V.1946, G. Kuschel, on Trevoa trinervis (NZAC) . Libertador: 1? 1 /, La Leonera, Cord. Rancagua , 26–30.XII. 1954, 850 m, L. E. Peña ( NZAC) . Biobío: 1?, Abanico , 800 m, 10.I.1948 ( NZAC) ; Abanico , 1,000 m, 11.I.1948 ( NZAC) ; 1 /, Los Angeles, Huaqui , 22.I.1944, on Colletia spinosa, G. Kuschel (NZAC) . Araucanía: 1?, Icalma , 29–31.XII.1958 ( NZAC) ; 2? 2 /, Malleco, Lonquimay, Faldos [Faldeos] del Volcán , 15.III.1989, T. Cekalovic ( CMNC) ; 2? 2 /, Malleco, Malacahuello, Las Nalcas , 8.III.1989, T. Cekalovic ( DGKC) ; 1? 1 /, Cautín, Estero Molco , 18.II.1991, T. Cekalovic ( CMNC, DGKC) .

Biology. Associated with Trevoa trinervis Miers. and Colletia spinosa Lam. (Rhamnaceae) (G. Kuschel, in litt.).

0.36 mm.

Figures

Figs. 7–8. Rhamnapion pachymerum. 7) Dorsal view, female; 8) lateral view, female (insert of male femur 3 at same scale). Scale ¼ 0.36 mm.

Figs. 9–10. Rhamnapion humerale. 9) Lateral view, male; 10) dorsal view, male. Scale ¼