Scolopendra canidens Newport, 1844

Akkari, Nesrine, Stoev, Pavel & Lewis, John, 2008, The scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha) of Tunisia: taxonomy, distribution and habitats, ZooKeys 3 (3), pp. 77-102 : 80-83

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.3897/zookeys.3.51

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792740

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/946F87EC-FF94-2C6A-FF65-FD9CFE5CFACB

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Scolopendra canidens Newport, 1844
status

 

Scolopendra canidens Newport, 1844 View in CoL

Figs 1-7 View Figs 1-7

Scolopendra dalmatica var. africana Verhoeff, 1891 View in CoL , Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 36: 69.

Scolopendra mediterranea var. africana: Verhoeff 1893 View in CoL , Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 38: 319, fig. a.

Scolopendra oraniensis: Pocock 1892 View in CoL , Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 25.

Scolopendra oraniensis: Silvestri 1896 View in CoL , Naturalista Siciliano, An. I, (Nuova Serie), 8: 150.

Scolopendra canidens: Kraepelin 1903 View in CoL , Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 20: 248, fig. 157.

Scolopendra canidens View in CoL and S. oraniensis: Brölemann 1904 View in CoL , Bulletin du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle 6: 318.

Scolopendra canidens View in CoL and S. oraniensis: Brolemann 1921 View in CoL , Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, I (3-6): 104-105.

Scolopendra canidens canidens: Attems 1930 View in CoL , Das Tierreich, 54: 36.

Scolopendra canidens View in CoL and S. canidens oraniensis: Brolemann 1932 View in CoL , Bulletin de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle d’Afrique du Nord, 23 (2): 52.

Scolopendra canidens canidens View in CoL and S. clavipes View in CoL : Turk 1955, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 12, vol. 8: 281.

Scolopendra canidens canidens View in CoL and S. clavipes: Cloudsley-Thompson 1956 View in CoL , Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 12, vol. 9: 328.

Scolopendra canidens canidens View in CoL and S. canidens cyrenaica: Dobroruka 1968 View in CoL , Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 78(3-4): 203.

Scolopendra canidens: Würmli 1980 View in CoL , Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 189: 346, Abb. 10, 26.

Scolopendra canidens: Lewis 1985 View in CoL , Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 55 (1): 128, fig. 11, map 2.

Material examined. 1 juv., Sousse, N35°49.57 / E10°38.19, alt. 11 m, 17.2.2004 GoogleMaps ; 1 ad., same locality, 22.3.2004 GoogleMaps ; 1 juv., Le Kef, N36°11.44 / E08°44.39, alt. 623 m, 24.10.2003 GoogleMaps ; 2 ex., Sfax, Agareb Steppe , N34°44.13 / E10°32.15, alt. 68 m, olive orchard, under stones, 25.11.2003 GoogleMaps ; 1 juv., Mahdia Distr., Bekalta , N35°37.06 / E11°00.44, alt. 12 m, border of agricultural land, under stones, 30.10.2003 GoogleMaps ; 1 ad., 3 juv., Sousse Distr., Sidi Khalifa, N36°15.18 / E10°26.48, alt. 1 m, open area, 17.2.2004 GoogleMaps ; 2 ex., Monastir, N35°46.43 / E10°49.48, alt. 6 m, 22.12.2004 GoogleMaps ; 1 ex., Sousse Distr., Bou Ficha , N36°17.55 / E10°27.30, alt. 6 m, 22.3.2005 GoogleMaps ; 1 ex., Hergla , N36°01.53 / E10°30.37, alt. 3 m, coast, 23.3.2005 GoogleMaps ; 2 ad., 2 subad., Sidi Bouzid Distr., Bou Hedma N.P., N34°30.28 / E09°35.46, alt. 574 m, semi dry area dominated by Acacia raddiana , 20.3.2006 GoogleMaps ; 1 subad., Nabeul Distr., Korba , N36°34.36 / E10°51.02, alt. 3 m, coast, 12.11.2006 GoogleMaps ; 12 ex., Sfax Distr., Kerkennah Island, Chargui , N34°42.34 / E11°09.14, alt. 3 m, sandy open area, with scattered palm trees, under stones, 20.3.2007 GoogleMaps ; 2 ad., Kebili, Fatnassa Oasis , May 2007 ; 1 ad., Zaouit El Hareth Oasis , 20.5.2007 ; 1 ad., Makthar, 12.5.2005; 2 juv., Kairouan Distr. , Oueslatia, Aouinettes, 3.3.2005; 1 ex. , Djerba Island, N33°52.09 / E10°50.42, alt. 10 m, 10.7.2003; 1 ex. GoogleMaps , Bizerta Distr. , Ichkeul N.P., N37°09 / E9°5, maquis with Olea europaea , Pistacia lentiscus and Smilax aspersa , 8.2.2004; 6 juv. GoogleMaps , Kairouan Distr. , 6 km of Oueslatia, N35°51.785 / E09°30.972, alt. 581 m, sparse olive trees, Roman ruins, bush, open area, stone debris, under stones, 6.3.2008; 1 ad., 1 juv. GoogleMaps , Sbeitla, 30 km NW Kasserine, inside the ruins of the ancient Roman town of Sifetoula, under stones, 7.3.2008; 4 ex. , Kasserine Distr. , Chambi N.P., surrounding of the park’s guest house, N35°10.139 / E08°40.486, alt. 950 m, sparse trees, bush, Pinus halepensis , under stones, 7.3.2008; 1 ad., 3 juv. GoogleMaps , same locality, alt. 950-1000 m, Pinus halepensis , Stipa tenacissima , Thuya , under stones, logs and leaf litter of Pinus halepensis , 8.3.2008; 1 juv. GoogleMaps , inside Chambi N.P., N35°11.901 / E08°39.505, alt. 1291 m, Pinus halepensis , Quercus ilex , Stipa tenacissima , slope, under stones and leaf litter, 9.3.2008; 1 ad., Chambi peak and its surroundings, N35°12.285 / E08°40.653, alt. 1500-1540 m, Pinus halepensis , Quercus ilex , Stipa tenacissima , under stones and leaf litter, 9.3.2008; 1 ad., 1 juv., Gafsa Distr. , Jebel Bou Ramli, N34°30.877 / E08°39.731, alt. 512 m, deserted rocky plain at the foot of the mountain, scattered trees, Opuntia and palm trees, under stones, 10.3.2008; 1 ad. GoogleMaps , Kebili Distr. , Tombar, 6 km of Kebili, N33°43.463 / E08°54.349, alt. 14 m, oasis, palm trees, under stones, 12.3.2008; 2 ad. GoogleMaps , Kebili Distr. , 10-20 km of Douz towards Matmata, N33°27.647 / E09°11.466, alt. 92, pure desert, sand, under stones, 12.3.2008; 5 ad., 3 juv. GoogleMaps , Gabes Distr. , Matmata, N33°32.450 / E09°59.054, alt. 384 m, arid biotope, shrubs and stones, under stones, 12.3.2008; 2 ad., 1 juv. GoogleMaps , Gabes Distr. , Matmata, N33°32.450 / E09°59.055, alt. 384 m, arid biotope, shrubs and stones, under stones, 13.3.2008; 2 ad. GoogleMaps , Tataouine Distr. , surroundings of Tataouine city, N32°55.506 / E10°26.913, alt. 293 m, arid biotope, slope, stones, scattered trees of Pinus (planted), under stones, 13.3.2008; 3 ad. GoogleMaps , same district, Ksar Ouled Soltane, N32°47.281 / E10°30.784, alt. 453 m, arid biotope, rocks, stones, close to the village, under stones, 14.3.2008; 1 ad., Tataouine Distr. , between Chenini and Douiret (mainly around Douiret), N32°51.090 / E10°16.900, alt. 425 m, arid biotope, close to the road, under stones, 14.3.2008; 1 juv. GoogleMaps , Mahdia Distr. , Chebba (37 km south of Mahdia), N35°12.865 / E11°06.344, alt. 2 m, polluted suburban area close to the beach, under stones, 15.3.2008; 5 ad. GoogleMaps , Mahdia Distr. , Mahdia City, Touristic area, N35°32.796 / E11°01.662, alt. 0 m, scattered palm trees and shrubs close to the road, polluted area not far from agricultural land, under stones, 16.3.2008; 1 ad. GoogleMaps , same locality, beach, sand, approx. 50-80 m from the water line, under stones, 16.3.2008; 4 ad., 2 juv. GoogleMaps , same district, surroundings of Ksour Essef (17 km of Mahdia), N35°24.824 / E10°58.026, alt. 59 m, olive trees ( Olea europaea ), grass, stones and shrubs, under stones, 16.3.2008; 2 ad., 3 juv., Siliana Distr. , Jebel Bargou, 5 km of Bargou (road Bargou – Oueslatia), N36°05.775 / E09°37.347, alt. 571 m, Quercus , Olea , shrubs, under stones, 28.3.2008; 1 ad., 3 juv. GoogleMaps , same mountain, 50 km of Oueslatia (road Bargou – Oueslatia), N36°06.941 / E09°39.392, alt. 512 m, sparse olive trees, rocks, under stones, 28.3.2008; 8 ad., 6 juv., Zaghouan Distr. , Jebel Mansour, close to Sidi Aouidet village, N36°12.307 / E09°45.588, alt. 514 m, Pine forest, Rosmarinus , under stones and leaf litter, 28.3.2008 GoogleMaps .

General distribution. Caucasus ( Armenia, Azerbaijan), Italy (Lampedusa Island), Greece (Milos, Sifnos, Serifos, Gavdos?, Symi, Kastelorizo islands) Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Turkey, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan ( Würmli 1980, Negrea 1997, Lewis and Wranik 1990, Simaiakis and Mylonas 2008).

Distribution in Tunisia ( Map 1 View Map 1 ). A widespread and much more common species than S. morsitans , in particular in central and southern Tunisia. In the North it is known only from Korba on the Cap Bon Peninsula. In the central and southern regions of the country it occurs in the High tell (hills of Le Kef), virtually along the whole Tunisian Ridge (from Chambi to Zaghouan mountains), the eastern lowland plain (the so called Sahel) and the plain of Jeffara (Matmata Mts., Tataouine region), the islands Djerba and Kerkennah. In the West it is found from the High Steppes (Gafsa Mts.) down to the Sahara boundaries (Oriental Erg). In the past the species has been reported also from Adjel el Haioum, Arad, Sfax, Savoual, Makuassy, B. el Aalia, Jebel Cherchera, Gabes, Gabes-Mensel, Oasis Gafsa, Kairouan and Tunis ( Verhoeff 1891, Pocock 1892, Silvestri 1896, Brölemann 1904, Turk 1955, Dobroruka 1968, Würmli 1980). We were unable to find some of the localities, e.g. Adjel el Haioum, Arad, Savoual, Makuassy, B. el Aalia, Gabes-Mensel, and they are not marked on the map.

Altitudinal range in Tunisia. From sea level up to 1500 m in the mountains (surroundings of Chambi Peak). In Saudi Arabia it is reported up to 2400 m alt. ( Lewis 1986).

Habitats. Oak forests dominated by Quercus ilex or Q. coccifera ; coniferous forests of Pinus halepensis ; heterogeneous woods with Q. ilex and P. halepensis ; semidry areas dominated by Acacia raddiana ; coastal areas with sparse shrubs and semihumid grasslands; maquis with Olea europaea , Pistacia lentiscus ; dry grasslands; dry rocky hills; sandy deserts; suburban areas; agricultural lands; Olea europaea stands; oases dominated by Phoenix dactylifera .

Remarks. The morphology of the specimens examined corresponds well to the species’ description given by Attems (1930), Würmli (1980), Lewis (1986), Zalesskaja and Schileyko (1991). All records of the closely related S. oraniensis and S. clavipes from Tunisia (e.g. Pocock 1892, Silvestri 1896, Turk 1955) are erroneous and should be attributed to this species. While there are no reliable records of the latter in North Africa at all, S. oraniensis is known from few localities in Algeria and Morocco, as well as from the Maltese Archipelago ( Würmli 1980, Zapparoli et al. 2004) and its occurrence in Tunisia is not improbable.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Chilopoda

Order

Scolopendromorpha

Family

Scolopendridae

Genus

Scolopendra

Loc

Scolopendra canidens Newport, 1844

Akkari, Nesrine, Stoev, Pavel & Lewis, John 2008
2008
Loc

Scolopendra dalmatica var. africana

Scolopendra dalmatica var. africana Verhoeff, 1891
Loc

Scolopendra mediterranea var. africana:

Verhoeff 1893
Loc

Scolopendra oraniensis:

Pocock 1892
Loc

Scolopendra oraniensis:

Silvestri 1896
Loc

Scolopendra canidens: Kraepelin 1903

Kraepelin 1903
Loc

Scolopendra canidens

Brölemann 1904
Loc

Scolopendra canidens

Brolemann 1921
Loc

Scolopendra canidens canidens: Attems 1930

Attems 1930
Loc

Scolopendra canidens

Brolemann 1932
Loc

Scolopendra canidens canidens

Turk 1955
Loc

Scolopendra canidens canidens

Cloudsley-Thompson 1956
Loc

Scolopendra canidens canidens

Dobroruka 1968
Loc

Scolopendra canidens: Würmli 1980

Würmli 1980
Loc

Scolopendra canidens: Lewis 1985

Lewis 1985
GBIF Dataset (for parent article) Darwin Core Archive (for parent article) View in SIBiLS Plain XML RDF