Vernonieae Cassini, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 132. 1816.
publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.6499 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/957BDB46-F1A5-9628-0B28-17DD8F068F2A |
treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Vernonieae Cassini, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 132. 1816. |
status |
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Vernonieae Cassini, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 132. 1816.
Serratula noveboracensis L., Sp. Pl.: 818. 1753.
Type.
Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 3: 1632. 1803.
Herbs, shrubs, vines or trees. Stems acaulescent or caulescent. Leaves simple, usually alternate sometimes opposite or ternate, petiolate or sessile; lamina ovate, obovate, lanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic, pubescent, margin serrate or entire, apex rounded, acute or acuminate, base cuneate or attenuate, membranaceous, chartaceous or coriaceous. Capitulescences terminal or axillary, solitary, paniculate or corymbiform with cymose branches, sometimes spicate. Capitula discoid, homogamous, pedunculate or sessile, florets bisexual and fertile. Involucres with numerous, imbricate, persistent bracts. Florets purple to white, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, lobes 3-5, pubescent or glabrous. Anthers usually 5, purple to yellow or white, syngenesious bases usually calcarate. Styles purple to white, 2-branched, inner surface covered with stigmatic papillae, outer surface covered with sweeping hairs. Achenes subterete, clavate or obovate, 3-10-ribbed, carpopodium present or absent. Pappus present or absent; if present bristly or coroniform, in 1-2 series, persistent or deciduous. Pollen echinate or lophate, 3-porate, 6-porate or 3-colporate, with or without micropuncta.
Key to the genera
1 | Corolla strongly zygomorphic, liguliform with single deepest sinus | 2 |
- | Corolla actinomorphic, without single deepest sinus | 3 |
2 | Pappus of straight bristles | Elephantopus |
- | Pappus of contorted bristles | Pseudelephantopus |
3 | Pappus absent | 4 |
- | Pappus present | 5 |
4 | Achenes with 7-10 ribs; pollen lophate and sub-3-colporate | Iodocephalopsis |
- | Achenes with 4-6 ribs; pollen non-lophate | Ethulia |
5 | Corolla 3- or 4-lobed; capitula appearing sessile; pappus thick and coroniform | Struchium |
- | Corolla 5-lobed; capitula mostly pedunculate; pappus of bristles | 6 |
6 | Vines, scandent shrubs or trees | 7 |
- | Herbs or subshrubs | 11 |
7 | Achenes less than 2.5 mm long; involucres less than 4 mm long; pollen not or weakly sublophate, with continuous perforated tectum between colpi | 8 |
- | Achenes more than 2.5 mm long; involucre more than 4 mm long; pollen lophate, with or without continuous perforated tectum between colpi | 9 |
8 | Achenes glabrous; involucre glanduliferous; stems and leaves sericeous with long-armed T-shaped trichomes | Tarlmounia |
- | Achenes pubescent; involucre eglanduliferous; leaves and stems not sericeous with T-shaped trichomes | Strobocalyx |
9 | Involucres 7-10 mm long; pollen psilolophate with high muri | Monosis |
- | Involucres 4-5 mm long; pollen strongly echinate | 10 |
10 | Small trees or shrubs; corolla tubes broad, not closely investing the style shaft | Gymnanthemum |
- | Scandent shrubs; corolla tubes slender, closely investing style shaft | Decaneuropsis |
11 | Pappus in one series, without strongly differentiated outer series | 12 |
- | Pappus in 2 series | 14 |
12 | Plants leafless at anthesis; pappus persistent; pollen echinate, 3-colporate | Kurziella |
- | Plants with persistent leaves; pappus caduceus; pollen lophate | 13 |
13 | Achenes obovate, without evident carpopodia; phyllaries not reflexed; pollen 6-porate | Camchaya |
- | Achenes oblong; phyllaries reflexed; pollen 3-porate | Koyamasia |
14 | Pappus of flattened setae | Pulicarioidea |
- | Pappus of capillary bristles not dilated at the base | 15 |
15 | Leaves and stems with T-shaped hairs | Cyanthillium |
- | Leaves and stems without T-shaped hairs | 16 |
16 | Peduncles fistulose, 25-40 cm long | Okia |
- | Peduncles not fistulose, mostly less than 15 cm long | Acilepis |
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