Vernonieae Cassini, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 132. 1816.

Bunwong, Sukhonthip, Chantaranothai, Pranom & Keeley, Sterling C., 2014, Revisions and key to the Vernonieae (Compositae) of Thailand, PhytoKeys 37, pp. 25-101 : 30-31

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.6499

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/957BDB46-F1A5-9628-0B28-17DD8F068F2A

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PhytoKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Vernonieae Cassini, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 132. 1816.
status

 

Vernonieae Cassini, J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 82: 132. 1816.

Serratula noveboracensis L., Sp. Pl.: 818. 1753.

Type.

Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 3: 1632. 1803.

Herbs, shrubs, vines or trees. Stems acaulescent or caulescent. Leaves simple, usually alternate sometimes opposite or ternate, petiolate or sessile; lamina ovate, obovate, lanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic, pubescent, margin serrate or entire, apex rounded, acute or acuminate, base cuneate or attenuate, membranaceous, chartaceous or coriaceous. Capitulescences terminal or axillary, solitary, paniculate or corymbiform with cymose branches, sometimes spicate. Capitula discoid, homogamous, pedunculate or sessile, florets bisexual and fertile. Involucres with numerous, imbricate, persistent bracts. Florets purple to white, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, lobes 3-5, pubescent or glabrous. Anthers usually 5, purple to yellow or white, syngenesious bases usually calcarate. Styles purple to white, 2-branched, inner surface covered with stigmatic papillae, outer surface covered with sweeping hairs. Achenes subterete, clavate or obovate, 3-10-ribbed, carpopodium present or absent. Pappus present or absent; if present bristly or coroniform, in 1-2 series, persistent or deciduous. Pollen echinate or lophate, 3-porate, 6-porate or 3-colporate, with or without micropuncta.

Key to the genera

1 Corolla strongly zygomorphic, liguliform with single deepest sinus 2
- Corolla actinomorphic, without single deepest sinus 3
2 Pappus of straight bristles Elephantopus
- Pappus of contorted bristles Pseudelephantopus
3 Pappus absent 4
- Pappus present 5
4 Achenes with 7-10 ribs; pollen lophate and sub-3-colporate Iodocephalopsis
- Achenes with 4-6 ribs; pollen non-lophate Ethulia
5 Corolla 3- or 4-lobed; capitula appearing sessile; pappus thick and coroniform Struchium
- Corolla 5-lobed; capitula mostly pedunculate; pappus of bristles 6
6 Vines, scandent shrubs or trees 7
- Herbs or subshrubs 11
7 Achenes less than 2.5 mm long; involucres less than 4 mm long; pollen not or weakly sublophate, with continuous perforated tectum between colpi 8
- Achenes more than 2.5 mm long; involucre more than 4 mm long; pollen lophate, with or without continuous perforated tectum between colpi 9
8 Achenes glabrous; involucre glanduliferous; stems and leaves sericeous with long-armed T-shaped trichomes Tarlmounia
- Achenes pubescent; involucre eglanduliferous; leaves and stems not sericeous with T-shaped trichomes Strobocalyx
9 Involucres 7-10 mm long; pollen psilolophate with high muri Monosis
- Involucres 4-5 mm long; pollen strongly echinate 10
10 Small trees or shrubs; corolla tubes broad, not closely investing the style shaft Gymnanthemum
- Scandent shrubs; corolla tubes slender, closely investing style shaft Decaneuropsis
11 Pappus in one series, without strongly differentiated outer series 12
- Pappus in 2 series 14
12 Plants leafless at anthesis; pappus persistent; pollen echinate, 3-colporate Kurziella
- Plants with persistent leaves; pappus caduceus; pollen lophate 13
13 Achenes obovate, without evident carpopodia; phyllaries not reflexed; pollen 6-porate Camchaya
- Achenes oblong; phyllaries reflexed; pollen 3-porate Koyamasia
14 Pappus of flattened setae Pulicarioidea
- Pappus of capillary bristles not dilated at the base 15
15 Leaves and stems with T-shaped hairs Cyanthillium
- Leaves and stems without T-shaped hairs 16
16 Peduncles fistulose, 25-40 cm long Okia
- Peduncles not fistulose, mostly less than 15 cm long Acilepis