Panorpa gaokaii, Li & Wang & Hua, 2021

Li, Ning, Wang, Ji-Shen & Hua, Bao-Zhen, 2021, Morphological phylogenetic analyses and taxonomic revision of the Panorpa davidi group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 79, pp. 309-342 : 309

Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov.

Figs 13 , 14

Diagnosis.

This species can be recognized by the following features: (1) frons and occiput yellowish brown (Fig. 14A-C ); (2) vertex with broad black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle, extending to inner margins of compound eyes (Fig. 14A-C ); (3) forewing with pterostigma brown; apical band indistinctly faint brown, greatly reduced; other bands and spots absent (Figs 13A-B , 14A-B ); in males, (4) meso- and metanotum pale brown, with broad pale yellow mesal stripe extending to T3 (Figs 13B , 14A ); (5) A6 uniformly black, projected on dorsal apex with sparse long brown setae (Fig. 14D ); (6) gonocoxites bearing cluster of black setae on inner apex (Fig. 14F-G ); (7) parameres crossed, twisted in S-shape, reaching apex of gonocoxites (Fig. 14H ); in females, (8) medigynium with main plate broad, long, twice as long as wide; a pair of large lateral basal plates reaching three-fourths of length of main plate; posterior arms half length of main plate; axis extended beyond main plate for half of its length anteriorly, extruded posteriorly (Fig. 14K-L ).

Etymology.

The specific epithet is dedicated to Kai Gao, the collector of the type specimens, for his support to this research.

Material examined.

Holotype: CHINA - Hubei Prov. • ♂; Shennongjia National Nature Reserve ; 1800 m a.s.l.; 1 Jul. 2018; Kai Gao leg. Paratypes: CHINA - Hubei Prov. • 7 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀; same data as holotype .

Measurements.

Male: FL = 13.3-14.3 mm, FW = 3.7-3.9 mm; HL = 12.0-13.0 mm, HW = 3.5-3.6 mm. Female: FL = 13.9-14.2 mm, FW = 3.7-3.8 mm; HL = 2.8-13.1 mm, HW = 3.4-3.5 mm.

Description.

Male: Head (Figs 13A-B , 14A, C ): Frons and occiput yellowish brown; vertex with broad black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle and extending to inner margins of compound eyes. Rostrum yellow, with labrum brown; labial and maxillary palps yellowish brown basally, gradually darkening toward apex, with apical segment dark brown. Antennal scape ununiformly brownish black; pedicel and flagellum dark brown, filiform, with 35-39 flagellomeres. Thorax (Figs 13A-B , 14A, D ): Pronotum unevenly pale brown, with two dark-brown transverse stripes, bearing 10-14 black setae along anterior margin; meso- and metanotum pale brown, with broad pale to pale yellow mesal stripe. Pleura pale yellow. Legs yellowish brown with tarsi darkened toward apices. Wings (Figs 13A-B , 14A ): Membrane hyaline. Forewing with pterostigma reddish brown. Apical band indistinctly faint brown, greatly reduced, arranged between R2a1 and R5 or M1. Hindwing similar to forewing, but slightly smaller with reduced markings. Abdomen (Figs 13A-B , 14A, D ): T2 and T3 unevenly pale with lateral and posterior margins dark brown. Notal organ of T3 flat rectangular, covering acute postnotal organ on anterior portion of T4. T4-T6 black brown. A6 projected on dorsal apex with long brown setae. A7 and A8 elongate, uniformly yellow, constricted basally. Genitalia (Fig. 14E-I ): Genital bulb oval, yellow. Epandrium broad basally, bearing dense setae distally, with deep terminal emargination. Cercus long clavate, slightly expanded towards apex. Hypandrium with shortened basal stalk; hypovalves long and broad, reaching apex of gonocoxites; each hypovalve rounded at apex, bearing long dense setae along apical half and shorter setae along basal half on inner margin. Gonocoxites bearing cluster of stout black setae on inner apex. Gonostylus with large basal cup and obtuse triangular median tooth. Parameres twisted in S-shape, crossed mesally, bearing dense short spines on inner margin. Dorsal valves of aedeagus slender, strongly curved ventrally; with circular dorsal process on middle portion. Ventral valves shortened. Lateral process distinctly triangled. - Female: Similar to male in body coloration except, T3 uniformly dark brown in most females and small portion pale in a few specimens. Wing markings similar to males (Fig. 14B ). Genitalia (Fig. 14J-L ): Subgenital plate broad subbasally, narrowing into subtriangular and indistinctly distal emarginate, bearing long setae on caudal and lateral margins. Medigynium with well-developed main plate, nearly rectangular, twice as long as wide; lateral basal plates broad, long, reaching three-fourths length of main plate, each basal plate formed by two pieces of sclerotized structures basally connected by membrane; posterior arms half length of main plate, forming deep U-shaped emargination; axis elongated, bifurcated anteriorly, extended beyond main plate for half of its length, with posterior slightly extruded.

Distribution.

China: Hubei.

Remarks.

This new species resembles P. bashanicola in appearance, but can be readily differentiated from the latter by the following characters: (1) wing with apical band narrow (cf. absence); (2) 1A ending beyond (cf. before) the origin of Rs; (3) forewing usually longer than 13 mm (cf. shorter than 13 mm).

Figures

Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao.

Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm.