Adelphomyia Bergroth, 1891

Podenas, Sigitas, Park, Sun-Jae & Bae, Changhwan, 2024, Adelphomyia crane flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) of Korea with identification key for all Palaearctic species, ZooKeys 1217, pp. 47-78 : 47-78

Adelphomyia Bergroth, 1891

Adelphomyia Bergroth, 1891: 134; Savchenko and Krivolutskaya 1976: 57; Savchenko 1983: 49; Savchenko 1986: 273–275; Savchenko 1989: 76–79.

Limnophila (Tricholimnophila) Alexander, 1928: 476–477.

Limnophila (Adelphomyia) : Alexander 1938: 324; Ishida 1959: 2.

Type species.

Adelphomyia helvetica Bergroth, 1891 ( = punctum Meigen, 1818 ) (West and East Palaearctic).

Type locality.

Weissenburg, Canton Bern, Switzerland.

Description.

Medium-sized crane flies with body length 3.9–8.4 mm and wing length 5.5–8.8 mm. Colouration varies from pale yellow to dark brown or black (Figs 25 , 40 , 44 ).

Head. Rounded posteriorly. Antenna with 14 - segmented flagellum. Flagellomeres slightly elongate or oval, covered with short pubescence, verticils variable, up to 2.5 × as long as respective segment.

Thorax. Frontal margin of pronotum straight. Mesonotal prescutum with distinct tubercular pits and pseudosutural fovea. Katepisternum bare, without setae. Meron small. Middle and posterior coxae close to each other. Wing (Figs 1 , 5 , 9 , 12 , 15 , 17 , 22 , 24 , 27 , 29 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 41 , 45 ) comparatively wide, no pattern or with darkening surrounding only cross-veins except stigma. Arculus present, vein Sc reaching wing margin slightly before branching point of Rs, sc-r approximately its own length before tip of Sc. R 1 elongate, R 2 2–3 × its own length before tip of R 1. Radial sector long, cell r 3 long with short stem. Cell m 1 usually long, but sometimes missing completely (e. g., one wing of A. satsumicola ( Alexander, 1930) holotype). Discal cell always present, usually elongate. Cross-vein m-cu far beyond branching point of M. Anal vein reaching wing margin at approximately same level as base of Rs. Anal angle wide. Distal wing cells always with macrotrichiae. Frontal tibia with single spur, tibiae of second and third pairs of legs with two spurs each.

Abdomen. Tergites with two transverse indentations frontally. Male terminalia approximately as wide as rest abdominal segments. Epandrium (ninth tergum) with two small lobes at the middle of posterior margin. Gonocoxite simple: elongate with no additional lobes, two pairs of elongate, narrow gonostyles. According to Savchenko (1986) interbases are missing, still the structure is present (Figs 7 , 20 , 32 , 43 ), in addition, Ribeiro (2008) showed the structure is clearly noticeable in Limnophilinae . Aedeagus long, narrow, one pair of elongate parameres, but length varies widely depending on species. Ovipositor (Figs 8 , 21 , 33 , 46 ) with long, narrow cercus and hypogynial valve.

Twenty-five species of Adelphomyia are known worldwide ( Oosterbroek 2024), 13 of them occur in Oriental Region and 12 (one of them with two subspecies) in East Palaearctic. Only A. punctum ( Meigen, 1818) has a wide distribution, occurring in East and West Palaearctic.

List of Palaearctic Adelphomyia species (species from Korean Peninsula marked with asterisk)

Adelphomyia acicularis acicularis ( Alexander, 1954) (Figs 1–3 )

* Adelphomyia acicularis bidens Savchenko, 1983 (Figs 4–8 )

Adelphomyia biacus ( Alexander, 1954) (Figs 9–11 )

Adelphomyia breviramus ( Alexander, 1924) (Figs 12–14 )

Adelphomyia caesiella ( Alexander, 1929) (Figs 15 , 16 )

* Adelphomyia flavella ( Alexander, 1920) (Figs 17–21 )

(*) Adelphomyia macrotrichiata ( Alexander, 1923) (record from North Korea based on misidentification) (Figs 22 , 23 )

Adelphomyia pilifer ( Alexander, 1919) (Figs 24–26 )

Adelphomyia prionolaboides ( Alexander, 1934) (Figs 27 , 28 )

* Adelphomyia punctum ( Meigen, 1818) (Figs 29–33 )

Adelphomyia saitamae ( Alexander, 1920) (Figs 34 , 35 )

Adelphomyia satsumicola ( Alexander, 1930) (Figs 36 , 37 )

Adelphomyia simplicistyla (Alexander, 1940 b) (Figs 38 , 39 )

* Adelphomyia jejuana Podenas , sp. nov. (Figs 40 – 46 )

Key to Palaearctic species of the genus Adelphomyia

Figures

Figures 24–26. Adelphomyia pilifer (Alexander, 1919), male 24 wing, paratype 25 general view 26 genitalia, dorsal view, paratype.

Figures 40–43. Adelphomyia jejuana Podenas, sp. nov., holotype, male 40 general view 41 wing 42 genitalia, dorsal view 43 aedeagal complex, lateral view. Abbreviations: interb – interbase; ppm – posterior part of paramere.

Figures 44–46. Adelphomyia jejuana Podenas, sp. nov., paratype, female 44 general view 45 wing 46 ovipositor, lateral view.

Figures 1–3. Adelphomyia acicularis acicularis (Alexander, 1954), male 1 wing, paratype 2 fragment of antennal flagellum, paratype 3 genitalia, dorsal view, holotype. Abbreviations: A 1 – first branch of anal vein; aed – aedeagus; an lb – anal lobe; arc – arculus; bm – basal medial cell; C – costal vein; CuA – anterior branch of cubital vein; CuP – posterior branch of cubital vein; dm – discal medial cell; ep – epandrium (ninth tergite); gonx – gonocoxite; h – humeral vein; i gonst – inner gonostylus; M – medial vein, or media; M 1 – first branch of media; M 2 – second branch of media; M 3 – third branch of media; M 4 – fourth branch of media; m-cu – medial-cubital cross-vein; m-m – medial cross-vein; o gonst – outer gonostylus; R – radius, or radial vein; R 1 – anterior branch of radius; R 2 – second branch of radius; R 2 + 3 + 4 – stem of radial branches R 2, R 3 and R 4; R 3 – lower branch of second branch of radius; R 4 – upper branch of third branch of radius; R 5 – lower branch of third branch of radius; r-m – radio-medial cross-vein; Rs – radial sector; Sc – subcostal vein; sc-r – subcostal-radial cross-vein.

Figures 4–8. Adelphomyia acicularis bidens Savchenko, 1983 4 male antenna 5 male wing 6 male genitalia, dorsal view 7 aedeagal complex, lateral view 8 ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: aed – aedeagus; app – anterior part of paramere; cerc – cercus; flg – flagellum; hyp vlv – hypogynial valve; interb – interbase; ped – pedicel; ppm – posterior part of paramere; scp – scape; spmth – spermatheca; st – sternite; tg – tergite.

Figures 9–11. Adelphomyia biacus (Alexander, 1954), male, holotype 9 wing 10 antenna 11 genitalia, dorsal view.

Figures 12–14. Adelphomyia breviramus (Alexander, 1924), male 12 wing, holotype 13 head, dorsal view 14 genitalia, dorsal view, holotype.

Figures 15, 16. Adelphomyia caesiella (Alexander, 1929), male 15 wing 16 genitalia, dorsal view.

Figures 17–21. Adelphomyia flavella (Alexander, 1920) 17 male wing 18 male genitalia, dorsal view 19 male genitalia, ventral view 20 aedeagal complex, lateral view 21 ovipositor, lateral view.

Figures 22, 23. Adelphomyia macrotrichiata (Alexander, 1923), male, holotype 22 wing 23 genitalia, dorsal view.

Figures 27, 28. Adelphomyia prionolaboides (Alexander, 1934), male 27 wing 28 genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviation: interb – interbases.

Figures 29–33. Adelphomyia punctum (Meigen, 1818) 29 male wing 30 male genitalia, dorsal view 31 male genitalia, ventral view 32 aedeagal complex, lateral view 33 ovipositor, lateral view.

Figures 34, 35. Adelphomyia saitamae (Alexander, 1920), male 34 wing 35 genitalia, dorsal view.

Figures 36, 37. Adelphomyia satsumicola (Alexander, 1930), male, holotype 36 wing 37 genitalia, dorsal view.

Figures 38, 39. Adelphomyia simplicistyla (Alexander, 1940 b), male, holotype 38 wing 39 genitalia, dorsal view.