Kachinia Tong & Li

Tong, Yanfeng, Chen, Haifeng, Liu, Sijia & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, A new genus of oonopid spiders from Myanmar (Araneae, Oonopidae), ZooKeys 794, pp. 31-43 : 33-34

Kachinia Tong & Li gen. n.

Type species.

Kachinia putao Tong & Li, sp. n.

Etymology.

The generic name is derived from the type locality, ‘Kachin’, and is feminine in gender.

Diagnosis.

Kachinia gen. n. resembles Brignolia Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1983, the member of Brignolia - Opopaea clade ( De Busschere et al. 2014), by the heavily sclerotized and darkened palps of males, and the endogyne bearing a T-shaped anterior sclerite and tube-like posterior receptacle, but can be easily distinguished by the presence of anterior leg spines in both sexes, the deeply incised labium and the branched endites in males and the absence of external features of endogyne ( B. parumpunctata (Simon, 1893) with external modifications, see Platnick et al. 2011: figure 69). The new genus is also similar to Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893, but can be separated by the deeply incised labium, the branched endites, the unmodified chelicerae and the totally fused cymbium and bulb in males ( Ischnothyreus peltifer (Simon, 1892), and most species of this genus usually with a tooth-like projection on the anteromedian tip of the endites, with processes on the base of the cheliceral fang and cymbium fused with bulb but with clearly defined seam, see Kranz-Baltensperger 2011: figure 1C; Richard et al. 2016: figure 19C, D; Platnick et al. 2012b: figs 7-11, 34; Tong et al. 2018: figure 1e) and the T-shaped anterior sclerite (tsc, Figs 3J, 6J) and tube-like posterior receptacle (pr, Figs 3J, 6J) of the endogyne ( Ischnothyreus has an elongated, highly curved sclerotized duct). The new genus is also similar to Trilacuna Tong & Li, 2007 because of the modifications to the male labium and endites, but can be distinguished by the heavily sclerotized palps, the egg-shaped patches behind the eyes in males, the smooth sides of the carapace ( Trilacuna rastrum Tong & Li, 2007 has granulates on the sides of carapace, see Tong and Li 2007: figure 1) and the large plate (pl, Figs 3I, 6I) in the endogyne (only T. kropfi Eichenberger, 2011 with a small semicircular plate, see Eichenberger and Kranz-Baltensperger 2011: figure 18B).

Description.

Male. Body yellow-brown, legs yellow. Carapace (Figs 1A, E, 4A, E): broadly oval in dorsal view, with brown egg-shaped patches behind eyes, eyes rather low; pars cephalica strongly elevated, pars thoracica higher than pars cephalica, with rounded posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, posterior margin not bulging below posterior rim, anterolateral corners without extension or projections, posterolateral surface without spikes, surface of pars cephalica smooth, thorax without depressions, fovea absent, without radiating rows of pits; lateral margin straight, smooth, rebordered, with small blunt denticles; marginal setae present. Eyes (Figs 1B, H, 4B, H): six, well developed, arranged in a compact group; ALE largest, PME, PLE subequal; ALE–PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PME touching each other; posterior row recurved from above, procurved from front. Clypeus (Figs 1F, H, 4F, H): margin unmodified, sinuous in front view, vertical in lateral view, median projection absent; light setae, needlelike. Chilum absent. Mouthparts (Figs 1G, 2E, 5E): chelicerae straight; labium rectangular, anterior margin deeply incised (ldi), same as sternum in sclerotization, not fused to sternum; endites slender, anterior margin with a row of small serrula, distally branched, with dense, patch of short feather-like setae (fls) on inner branch (ibr) and two long setae (lse) on outer branch (obr). Sternum (Figs 1C, D, 4C, D): longer than wide, with radial furrows between coxae, uniform, not fused to carapace, median concavity absent, surface smooth, anterior margin unmodified, posterior margin not extending posteriorly of coxae IV, anterior corner unmodified, distance between coxae approximately equal, lateral margins unmodified, without posterior hump; setae sparse, dark, needlelike, evenly scattered, without hair tufts. Abdomen (Figs 1C, E, 4C, E): ovoid, rounded posteriorly. Dorsal scutum covering entire dorsum, strongly sclerotized, without pattern. Epigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, surrounding pedicel. Postgastric scutum strongly sclerotized, long, almost rectangular, covering nearly the full length of the abdomen, anterior margin unmodified, with posteriorly directed lateral apodemes. Book lung covers large, smooth, anterolateral edge unmodified. Scutopedicel region has short tube, scutum not extending far beyond dorsum of pedicel, plumose hairs absent. Anterior spiracles connected (Figure 1C) or not (Figure 4G) by a furrow. Postgastric scutum with (Figure 4E, G) or without (Figure 1C, E) a cluster of strong, long setae (sls). Spinneret scutum without fringe of setae. Legs (Figs 1A, C, 4A, C): without pattern; patella plus tibia I longer than carapace. Leg spines: tibiae I, II with four pairs of ventral spines each; metatarsi I, II with two pairs of ventral spines each, legs III and IV without spines. Genitalia (Figs 1C, 4G): epigastric region with sperm pore small, oval, rebordered, situated between anterior and posterior spiracles. Palp (Figs 1 I–K, 4 I–K): strongly sclerotized, right and left palps symmetrical. Trochanter with a ventral protuberance (vp). Cymbium almost totally fused with bulb. Embolus complex (Figs 2B, D, F, 5B, D, F) complicated, distal part with several projections.

Female. As in male except as noted. Dorsal and postgastric scuta smaller than in male. Palp without claw; spines absent. Labium and endites unmodified. Abdomen (Figs 3A, 6A): dorsal scutum large, covering more than 5/6 of dorsum. Postgastric scutum rectangular, not fused to epigastric scutum (Figs 3C, 6C). Posterior spiracles connected by groove; with two strongly sclerotized, recurved arches (sar) anterior to the posterior spiracles. Genitalia: surface without external features (Figs 3I, 6I). Dorsal view (Figs 3J, 6J) with a T-shaped sclerite (tsc) anteriorly, followed posteriorly by a tube-like posterior receptacle (pr); lateral apodemes (ap) present.

Composition.

Kachinia putao Tong & Li, sp. n. and K. mahmolae Tong & Li, sp. n.

Distribution.

Myanmar (Kachin State).