Pristocera cambouei Saussure, 1892, 2018

Azevedo, Celso O., Alencar, Isabel D. C. C. & Colombo, Wesley D., 2018, Pairs in copulation of the highly dimorphic genus Pristocera Klug (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar solve taxonomic problems of male-female associations, Zootaxa 4433 (1), pp. 1-49 : 38-39

Pristocera cambouei Saussure, 1892 stat. rev.

( Figs 23–28 )

Pristocera cambouei Saussure, 1892 : pl. 27, fig. 14 (male illustration); Schulz 1906: 103 (list); Kieffer 1914: 470 (sine descr.); Azevedo et al. 2010: 853 (catalog). Stat. rev.

Pristocera ruficaudata cambouei Saussure, 1892 : Schulz 1911: 78 –81 (male description).

Pristocera ruficaudata Westwood, 1874 : Gordh & Móczár 1990: 243 (in part, mistreated as synonym; catalogue).

Scleroderma [sic.] hova Saussure, 1892 : pl. 25, fig. 19 (female illustration); Schulz 1906: 103 (list). Syn. nov.

Sclerodermus hova Saussure, 1892 : Kieffer 1914: 266 (descr. nulla); Gordh & Móczár 1990: 161 (catalogue); Lanes & Azevedo 2008: 29 (list); Azevedo et al. 2010: 850 –851 (catalogue).

Pristocera hova ( Saussure, 1892) : Schulz 1911: 77 –78 (combination, female description).

Description. Male ( Figs 23 , 25 , 27 ). Body length 10.0 mm; length of forewing 8.1 mm.

Colors. Head and mesosoma black; antenna, clypeus, mandible, legs, veins and metasoma dark castaneous; wings subhyaline.

Head. Head 1.05 × as long as wide. Mandible with five distal teeth, uppermost directed inward, apex wider than base. Median clypeal lobe subrectangular, median carina inconspicuous, low in profile. Antenna almost reaching mesoscutellar sulcus; flagellar pubescence appressed, and shorter than half flagellar diameter; first four antennomeres ~ 6:3:5:5, flagellomere IX as long as wide. Frons coriaceous-punctate, punctures large; frontal groove absent, lateral groove absent, scrobal carina absent. Ocellar triangle compact, elevated, frontal angle acute; ocelli small, protruding, anterior margin of posterior ocellus touching imaginary line between tops of eyes. Vertex broadly convex. Temple convergent posterad; occipital carina present ventrally and dorsally.

Mesosoma. Pro- and mesonotal dorsum shining, punctulate and setae long. Pronotal disc trapezoidal, side slightly concave, anterior margin carinate, anterior carina high and curved posterad, median transverse region elevated. Notaulus conspicuous, convergent posteriorly, with posterior part curved inward, gradually wider posteriorly, deep, polished inside. Parapsidal furrow complete, straight and narrow. Surface of posterolateral corner of mesoscutum elevated. Mesoscutellar groove convex posteriorly, not dilated laterally. Metanotum with large median elevation, median fovea rectangular with inner surface setose, metanotal groove foveolate laterally, inner fovea very large, dropped shaped, not punctulate inside, other foveae rectangular and narrower than inner fovea. Metapectal-propodeal complex strigulate laterally and posteriorly; transverse anterior carina wide, metapostnotum mostly rugulose, median carina present; first abdominal spiracle elongate and slightly arched, wholly placed on dorsum of metapectal-propodeal complex; metapleural carina present; transverse posterior carina present. Lateral of metapectal-propodeal complex strigulate. Propodeal declivity rugulose-strigulate near petiole. Mesopleuron with subtegular groove dilated anteriorly and uniformly narrow posteriorly, foveolate inside; episternal groove continuous with subtegular one, foveolate; mesopleural callus elevated and well delimited, polished and shining, oval, anterior area strongly punctate to puncticulate posteriorly. Pleurosternum with elliptical groove, median carina present; epicnemial carina wide medially with two very large foveae. Tarsal claws tridentate. Forewing with r-rs&Rs vein long and almost parallel to anterior margin, R1 vein shorter than stigma. Hind wing with 11 hamuli.

Metasoma. Petiole with midlength 5.0 × midwidth. Hypopygium deeply divided with apical part gradually narrower than base, apex beak-like; inner margin not dentate, with subapical concavity present, and median concavity absent; antero-lateral corner rounded; hypopygeal chamber with latero-basal margin strongly outcurved and recurved. Genitalia: Paramere bilaminar, longer than basiparamere, wide; apical margin outcurved, digitiform process thick, long, inner concavity present. Basivolsellar surface smooth, inner margin smooth. Aedeagus subconical, apical lobe giving rise on apical fourth of aedeagus, sinuous, apex directed inward, apical part convex in lateral view; ventral lamina with outer margin sinuous in ventral view.

Description. Female ( Figs 24 , 26 , 28 ). Body length 10.0 mm.

Colors. Head, antenna, mandible, clypeus and legs dark castaneous; mesosoma, metasoma and petiole being black.

Body. Head 1.1 × as long as wide. Mandible short and wide, upper margin straight, with four distal teeth subequals, uppermost far from subupper one. Median clypeal lobe trapezoidal, lateral margin smooth, apical margin diagonal and elevated in frontal view`, median carina high in profile. Frons coriaceous and punctured. Eye with about 60 facets. Temple margin convergent posteriorly, vertex convex, occipital carina complete, not visible in dorsal view. Pro- and mesonotal dorsum coriaceous. Metapectal-propodeal complex polished, maximum width 2.2 × minimal width. Mesotibia strongly spinose. First abdominal spiracle oval. Metasomal petiole with midlength 2.2 × midwidth, anterior margin incurved medially in ventral view, anterolateral corner angulate, lateral margin incurved, strongly diverging posterad, ventral surface subtrapezoidal.

Variations. In the males, the area of head posterior to eyes is slightly wider; the ocellar triangle is more compact; and the anterior margin of the posterior ocelliis anterior to the imaginary line between the tops of eyes.

Material examined. Syntype of Pristocera cambouei [here designated as lectotype], ♂, Madagascar, Hym. Mad. Pl. 27, Fig. 14 , Pristocera cambouei Sauss. ♂ (MNHG) ( Fig. 23 ). Syntype of Pristocera cambouei [here designated as paralectotype] 1 ♂, Madagascar , Pristocera cambouei Sss. ♂ (MNHG) ( Fig. 25 ). Syntype of Scleroderma hova [here designated as lectotype], ♀, Madagascar, Imerina, Grandidier, Hym. Madag. Pl. 25, Fig. 19 (pasdécrit), Scleroderma hova Sauss // sous Scleroderma hova Sauss. (est une ♀ de Pristocera ? Ch. F., MHNG ENTO 00010311) (MNHG) ( Fig. 24 ); Scleroderma hova [here designated as paralectotype], 1 ♀, Madagascar, Imerina, Grandidier , Scleroderma hova Sss. ♀ (MNHG) ( Fig. 26 ). New material. 1♂, 1♀, in copula: MADAGASCAR, Ivondro, XI.40, in cop. N. 5, A. Seyrig (MNHN) ( Figs. 27 , 28 ).

The following two males deposited at MNHG were examined but not considered as belonging to the type series of Scleroderma hova because there is not any evidence that Saussure (1892) had been analysed males: 1♂ Madagascar, F. Sikora, Pristocera hova Sauss., Ch. F. (MNHG); 1♂, ♂ sous nom de Pristocera hova Sauss. (pas décrit ni figure) (? Metre espéce que ♀?), Pristocera hova Sauss. ♂ (MNHG). These two males are definitely a different species, and they do not correspond to any of the new species described here, and because it was not caught in copulation is out of the scope of this contribution.

Remarks. The redescription above is based on the pair in copula, because the specimens are in better condition. The males of this species are similar to the males of P. morti sp. nov., because both species have the mandibles with five distal teeth, the forewings with R1 vein, the parameres longer than basiparameres, and the apical lobes of the giving rise on the apical fourth of aedeagus. However, the males of this species have the clypeal median lobe subretangular, the antennae almost reaching the mesoscutellar sulcus, and the hind wings with 11 hamuli, whereas the males of P. morti sp. nov. have the clypeal median lobe rounded, the antennae surpassing the mesoscutellar sulcus, and the hind wings with 14 hamuli.

The females of this species are similar to the females of P. melmani sp. nov., because both species have the mandibles with four distal teeth, the median clypeal lobe trapezoidal, and the first abdominal spiracles oval. However, the females of this species have the eyes with about 60 facets, and the metasomal petiole with the anterolateral corner angulate, whereas the females of P. melmani sp. nov. have the eyes with about eight facets, and the metasomal petiole with the anterolateral corner rounded.

Distribution. Madagascar.

Figures

FIGURE 14. Pristocera mauricei, ♀. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, latero-frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. E. Labels. Scale bar: 100 µm.

FIGURE 19. Pristocera zubai, ♂. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. F. Pronotum, lateral view. G. Mesopleuron, lateral view. H. Forewing. I. Hamuli, hind wing. J. Hypopygium, inner view. K. Genitalia, dorsal view. L. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 500 µm, except 100 µm for J–L.

FIGURE 23. Lectotype of Pristocera cambouei, ♂. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, latero-frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Forewing. F. Hind wing. G. Tarsal claws. H. Mesopleuron, lateral view. I. Hypopygium, inner view. J. Genitalia, dorsal view. K. Genitalia, ventral view. L. Labels. Scale bars: 100 µm, except 50 µm for B, G, H and 200 µm for E.

FIGURE 24. Lectotype of Scleroderma [sic.] hova, ♀. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, latero-frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Mesopleuron, lateral view. F. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. G. Labels. Scale bars: 100 µm, except 50 µm for B, F.

FIGURE 25. Paralectotype of Pristocera cambouei, ♂. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, latero-frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. F. Tarsal claws. G. Mesosoma, lateral view. H. Forewing. I. Hamuli, hind wing. J. Labels. Scale bars: 200 µm.

FIGURE 26. Paralectotype of Scleroderma [sic.] hova, ♀. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, latero-frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. F. Labels. Scale bars: 200 µm.

FIGURE 27. Pristocera cambouei, ♂. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. F. Pronotum, lateral view. G. Mesopleuron, lateral view. H. Forewing. I. Hamuli, hind wing. J. Hypopygium, inner view. K. Genitalia, dorsal view. L. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 100 µm.

FIGURE 28. Pristocera cambouei, ♀. A. Head, dorsal view. B. Mandible, latero-frontal view. C. Mesosoma, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, ventral view. E. Metasomal petiole, ventral view. F. Labels. Scale bars: 100 µm.