Sinoalaria chengguanensis (Zhao & Li, 2012)

Zhang, Jianshuang, Feng, Chengcheng, Yu, Hao & Lin, Yucheng, 2023, A review of the spider genus Sinoalaria (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae), with the descriptions of four new species and two new combinations, ZooKeys 1173, pp. 307-338 : 307

Sinoalaria chengguanensis (Zhao & Li, 2012)

Figs 5 , 6 , 17

Alaria chengguanensis Zhao & Li, 2012: 8, figs 1A-D, 2A-D, 3A-D, 4A-F, 5A-D (♂♀).

Sinoalaria chengguanensis : Zhao and Li 2014: 41.

Material examined.

Holotype ♂ and paratypes 13♂ 8 ♀ (IZCAS), China: Guizhou Province, Bijie City, Chengguan Town, Xiaohe Village , Xiniu Cave , 27°21.231'N, 105°17.186'E, 1515 m, 30.IV.2007, J. Liu and Y. Lin leg.

Diagnosis.

Males of S. chengguanensis resembles those of S. bicornis and S. xiaotu sp. nov. by their cymbium dorsal-basally bears a cluster of several long setae (Figs 1B, D , 5B, D ; 15B, D ) (such cluster of several long setae is absent in all other Sinoalaria species, as in Figs 3 , 7 , 9 ), but can be distinguished from the latter two by the distinctly visible embolic base, and by the large median apophysis which is longer than 1/2 of tegulum length in S. chengguanensis (embolic base indistinct, median apophysis relatively small, no more than 1/2 of tegulum length in S. bicornis and S. xiaotu sp. nov.) (cf. Fig. 5 and Figs 1 , 15 ). The female of S. chengguanensis appears to be closely related to S. navicularis and S. shenhei sp. nov. in having a similarly shield-shaped, utterly exposed scape, and similar configurations of vulva (Figs 6D-F , 10D-F , 13D-F ), but can be recognised from S. navicularis by the scape heavily sclerotized, with a small transverse opening at its distal end (vs almost completely membranous, rugose, distally with a curved, pocket-like hood) (cf. Fig. 6D-F and Fig. 10D-F ); and from S. shenhei sp. nov. can be recognised by the tongue-shaped scape with a distinctly narrowed proximal part (vs scape shaped like an inverted bowling pin, slightly narrowed proximally) (cf. Fig. 6D-F and Fig. 13D-F ), the dorsal and posterior folds of copulatory ducts nearly circular, slightly sclerotized (vs trapeziform, heavily sclerotized) (cf. Fig. 6F and Fig. 13F ), and by the abdomen dorsally white with numerous small black spots (vs dorsum of abdomen basically black, with three bands which consisting of white small spots, forming a trident-shaped pattern) (cf. Fig. 6B, C and Fig. 13A ).

Description.

See Zhao and Li (2012). Male palp as in Fig. 5 , epigyne as in Fig. 6D-F , and habitus as in Fig. 6A-C .

Distribution.

China (Guizhou) (Fig. 17 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Male palp of Sinoalaria bicornis (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; SCy = setae on cymbium; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Figure 3. Male palp of Sinoalaria cavernicola (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Figure 5. Male palp of Sinoalaria chengguanensis (Zhao & Li, 2012) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C embolic division, dorsal view D ventral view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; SCy = setae on cymbium; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Figure 6. Sinoalaria chengguanensis (Zhao & Li, 2012), male habitus (A), female habitus (B, C) and epigyne (D-F) A dorsal view B dorsal view C lateral view D intact, ventral view E cleared, ventral view F cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; DPF = dorsal and posterior fold of copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; Sp = spermatheca; VAF = ventral and anterior fold of copulatory duct. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-C); 0.20 mm (D-F).

Figure 7. Male palp of the holotype of Sinoalaria chi sp. nov. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Figure 9. Male palp of Sinoalaria navicularis (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Figure 10. Sinoalaria navicularis (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014), male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; DPF = dorsal and posterior fold of copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; Sp = spermatheca; VAF = ventral and anterior fold of copulatory duct. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-D); 0.20 mm (E-G).

Figure 13. Holotype female of Sinoalaria shenhei sp. nov., habitus (A, B) and epigyne (C-F) A dorsal view B ventral view C intact, lateral view D intact, ventral view E cleared, ventral view F cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; DPF = dorsal and posterior fold of copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; Sp = spermatheca; VAF = ventral and anterior fold of copulatory duct. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A, B); 0.20 mm (C-F).

Figure 15. Male palp of the holotype of Sinoalaria xiaotu sp. nov. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; SCy = setae on cymbium; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Figure 17. Distribution records of the species from genus Sinoalaria.