Enicospilus vestigator (Smith, 1858)

Shimizu, So, Broad, Gavin R. & Maeto, Kaoru, 2020, Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan, ZooKeys 990, pp. 1-144 : 1

Enicospilus vestigator (Smith, 1858) Figure 51

Ophion vestigator Smith, 1858: 122; HT ♂ from Malaysia, OUMNH, not examined.

Eniscospilus (sic) unilineatus Cameron, 1905a: 123; HT ♂ from Sri Lanka, NHMUK, examined; synonymised by Gauld and Mitchell (1981: 471).

Henicospilus xantusi Szépligeti, 1906: 138; HT ♀ from Borneo, TM, not examined; synonymised by Gauld and Mitchell (1981: 471).

Enicospilus receptor Chiu, 1954: 40; HT ♀ from Taiwan, TARI, examined; synonymised by Townes et al. (1961: 293).

Enicospilus glabrifascies Chiu, 1954: 40; HT ♂ from Taiwan, TARI, examined; synonymised by Gauld and Mitchell (1981: 471).

Enicospilus (Polycorniata) carinatus Rao and Nikam, 1971: 103; HT ♀ from India, MUC, not examined; synonymised by Gauld and Mitchell (1981: 472).

Specimens examined.

Total of 23 specimens (19♀♀4♂♂): Brunei (2♀♀), India (11♀♀1♂), Japan (5♀♀1♂), Sri Lanka (1♂), Taiwan (1♀1♂).

Type series: HT ♂ of Eniscospilus (sic) unilineatus Cameron, 1905, Peradeniya, Ceylon, SRI LANKA, P. Cameron leg. (NHMUK, Type 3b.1237); HT ♀ of Enicospilus receptor Chiu, 1954, Koshun, TAIWAN, 27.XI.1923, R. Takahashi leg. (TARI); HT ♂ of Enicospilus glabrifascies Chiu, 1954, Kuraru, TAIWAN, 1.VIII.1931, T. Shiraki leg. (TARI).

Distribution.

Australasian, Oceanic, and Oriental regions ( Yu et al. 2016); new to the Eastern Palaearctic region.

Newly recorded from Japan.

JAPAN: [ Kyûshû] Nagasaki; [ Ryûkyûs] Okinawa.

Bionomics.

Unknown.

Differential diagnosis.

This species resembles E. laqueatus , E. pseudantennatus and E. tripartitus , which all have similar sclerites, but can be distinguished from E. laqueatus by the smooth outer mandibular surface (Fig. 51B ) (outer mandibular surface with a diagonal setose groove in E. laqueatus , as in Fig. 24B ); from E. pseudantennatus by the strongly twisted mandible (i.e., twisted by 60-80°, as in Fig. 51B, D , but 10-20° in E. pseudantennatus ) and elongate discosubmarginal cell (Fig. 51F ) (rather short in E. pseudantennatus ); and from E. tripartitus by the strongly twisted and smooth mandible (Fig. 51B, D ) (mandible rather weakly twisted and outer surface with dense and stout setae and punctures in E. tripartitus , as in Fig. 49B, D ) and elongate discosubmarginal cell (Fig. 51F ) (rather short in E. tripartitus , as in Fig. 49F ), as summarised in Table 6 .

Remarks.

Although Japanese specimens do not vary significantly, some wing characters of the holotype of E. unilineatus are different from other specimens, as Gauld and Mitchell (1981: 472) mentioned.

Figures

Figure 24. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921) ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing.

Figure 49. Enicospilus tripartitus Chiu, 1954 ♂ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing.

Figure 51. Enicospilus vestigator (Smith, 1858) ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing.