Scaptomyza kanei Rampasso & O’Grady, 2025

Rampasso, Augusto Santos & O’Grady, Patrick Michael, 2025, Review of Hawaiian Elmomyza species (Diptera, Drosophilidae, Scaptomyza). I. The cyrtandrae, exigua, and obscuricornis species groups, with the descriptions of nine new species, Zootaxa 5729 (1), pp. 1-42 : 19-21

Scaptomyza kanei Rampasso & O’Grady , sp. nov.

( Fig. 13 )

Diagnosis. Epandrium is greatly enlarged anteroposteriorly. Epandrial posterior lobe is broad and blunt, square-shaped. Surstylus is large and strongly curved in posterior view, small in lateral view. A row of five surstylar teeth is distributed in the dorsal portion of the surstylus. A few large and sparse bristles are found in the ventral portion of the surstylus.

Description. Male (n = 6). Head. Pedicel brown, tinged with yellow, and first flagellomere dark brown. Arista with 2 dorsal, 0 ventral, and about 4 short inner branches, plus terminal fork. Terminal fork deep, about 50% as long as basal segment of arista. Eyes dark red and face brown. Frontal vitta, in the region around the ptilinal suture is yellow, becoming brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose in the interorbital area. Frontal triangle, fronto-orbital plates, and ocellar triangle brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose. Anterior reclinate is inserted posterolaterally and halfway between the proclinate and posterior reclinate orbitals. Anterior reclinate 38% (27– 47%) length of proclinate. Proclinate 88% (79–94%) length of posterior reclinate. Gena light brown. Subvibrissal setae 68% (62–78%) length of vibrissae. Mouthparts yellow and palps yellow with two black apical setae. Thorax. Scutum and scutellum brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose. 2 pairs of dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setae in 6 regular rows when counted between anterior dorsocentral setae, becoming sparse posteriorly. Basal scutellar setae divergent and apical scutellar setae ranging from convergent to cruciate. Pleura brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose. 1 postpronotal and 3 katepisternal setae present. Anterior katepisternal setae 46% (41–48%) length of posterior katepisternal setae. Legs. Predominantly yellow. The front basitarsus is about 25% as long as the tibia. Wings. Hyaline without distinct pattern. Abdomen. Predominantly dark brown. Male terminalia ( Figs. 13 C-E). Epandrium is greatly enlarged anteroposteriorly. Epandrial posterior lobe is broad and blunt, square-shaped. No anterodorsal phragma or epandrial ventral lobe. Surstylus is large and strongly curved in posterior view, small in lateral view. A row of five surstylar teeth is distributed in the dorsal portion of the surstylus. A few large and sparse bristles are found in the ventral portion of the surstylus. Cerci undifferentiated. In lateral view, the cercal plates are two times higher than long. Measurements. TL = 1.22 (1.11–1.32) mm; WL = 2.58 (2.39–2.77) mm; TL/WL = 0.50 (0.48–0.53); HW/TL = 0.57 (0.50–0.64); CI = 3.85 (3.42–3.78); 4V = 1.59 (1.46–1.69); 5X = 1.85 (1.63–1.94); 4C = 0.69 (0.63–0.73); M = 0.51 (0.46–0.59).

Female (n = 10). Fits with the male in all characters. Anterior reclinate 47 % (33–58%) length of proclinate. Proclinate 81% (63–92%) length of posterior reclinate. Subvibrissal setae 52% (35–63%) length of vibrissae.Anterior katepisternal setae 48% (37–55%) length of posterior katepisternal setae. Measurements. TL = 1.15 (1.05–1.30) mm; WL = 2.38 (2.19–2.64) mm; TL/WL = 0.49 (0.47–0.51); HW/TL = 0.55 (0.52–0.59); CI = 3.33 (3.00–3.70); 4V = 1.52 (1.34–1.78); 5X = 1.66 (1.47–1.88); 4C = 0.71 (0.61–0.82); M = 0.48 (0.43–0.59).

Distribution. Hawaiian Islands : Hawaiʻi.

Ecology. Dr. H. L. Carson recorded this species using fruits of native ʻōhā ( Clermontia sp. , Campanulaceae ) as their breeding site.

Types. The holotype male ( UHIM2016.48294 ), allotype female ( UHIM2016.48296 ), and paratypes ( UHIM2016.48298 – 48305 , 48295 , 48297 , 48345–48348 ) are deposited in the University of Hawaiʻi Insect Museum .

Material Examined. Holotype. 1 ♂ (UHIM2016.48294). Allotype. 1 ♀ (UHIM2016.48296). Paratypes. 6 ♀♀ ( UHIM 2016.48295, 48297, 48345–48348). Pāwaina, Hawaiʻi, 3,000 ft. [ 914 m], 13 Jul 1965, reared ex Clermontia sp. ( Campanulaceae ) fruit, C129.24, H. L. Carson col. 5 ♂♂ ( UHIM 2016.48298–48301, 48305), 3 ♀♀ ( UHIM 2016.48302–48304), Pāwaina, Hawaiʻi, 3,000 ft. [ 914 m], 18 Jul 1964, C105, H. L. Carson col.

Etymology. This species is named after Kāne, the chief creator god, associated with light, life, and fresh water, and the ancestor of humanity.

Figures

FIGURE 13. Habitus of Scaptomyza kanei Rampasso and O’Grady, sp. nov. (specimen UHIM2016.48294), in dorsal (A) and left lateral (B) views. Scale bar = 1 mm. Male terminalia of the respective individual in posterior (C), oblique posterior (D) and left lateral (E) views. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.