Scaptomyza lonoi Rampasso & O’Grady, 2025

Rampasso, Augusto Santos & O’Grady, Patrick Michael, 2025, Review of Hawaiian Elmomyza species (Diptera, Drosophilidae, Scaptomyza). I. The cyrtandrae, exigua, and obscuricornis species groups, with the descriptions of nine new species, Zootaxa 5729 (1), pp. 1-42 : 13

Scaptomyza lonoi Rampasso & O’Grady , sp. nov.

( Fig. 8 )

Diagnosis. Epandrium broad, with a small and pointed posterior lobe. Surstylus is straight and broad in posterior view, large and broad in lateral view.A row of five small surstylar teeth is found in the dorsal portion of the surstylus. The ventral region of the epandrium, epandrial posterior lobe, surstylus, and cerci are densely setose.

Description. Male (n = 1). Head. Pedicel brown and first flagellomere dark brown. Arista with 2 dorsal, 0 ventral, and about 4 short inner branches, plus terminal fork. Terminal fork deep, about 50% as long as basal segment of arista. Eyes dark red and face brown. Frontal vitta, in the region around the ptilinal suture is light brown, becoming brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose in the interorbital area. Frontal triangle, fronto-orbital plates, and ocellar triangle dark brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose. Anterior reclinate is inserted posterolaterally and halfway between the proclinate and posterior reclinate orbitals. Anterior reclinate 27% length of proclinate. Proclinate 94% length of posterior reclinate. Gena light brown. Subvibrissal setae 58% length of vibrissae. Mouthparts brown and palps dark brown with 2 black apical setae. Thorax. Scutum and scutellum dark brown in ground color and densely gray pollinose. 2 pairs of dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setae in 6 regular rows when counted between anterior dorsocentral setae, becoming sparse posteriorly. Basal scutellar setae divergent and apical scutellar setae cruciate. Pleura brown in ground color and densely pollinose. 1 postpronotal and 3 katepisternal setae present. Anterior katepisternal setae 60% length of posterior katepisternal setae. Legs. Predominantly yellow. The front basitarsus is about 25% as long as the tibia. Wings. Hyaline without distinct pattern. Abdomen. Previously dissected. Male terminalia ( Figs. 8 C-E). Epandrium broad, with a small and pointed posterior lobe. Epandrium bears an anterodorsal phragma and no ventral lobe. Surstylus is straight and broad in posterior view, large and broad in lateral view. A row of five small surstylar teeth is found in the dorsal portion of the surstylus. Cerci are undifferentiated. In lateral view, the cercal plates are almost two times higher than long. The ventral region of the epandrium, epandrial posterior lobe, surstylus, and cerci are densely setose. Measurements. TL = 0.94 mm; WL = 2.10 mm; TL/WL = 0.47; HW/TL = 0.60; CI = 4.03; 4V = 1.46; 5X = 1.40; 4C = 0.58; M = 0.40.

Female (n = 4). Fits with the male in all characters. Abdomen predominantly dark brown. Anterior reclinate 46% (42–50%) length of proclinate. Proclinate 64% (61–68%) length of posterior reclinate. Subvibrissal setae 58% (50–67%) length of vibrissae. Anterior katepisternal setae 54% (39–61%) length of posterior katepisternal setae.

Measurements. TL = 1.023 ( 1.019 –1.026) mm; WL = 2.33 (2.23–2.39) mm; TL/WL = 0.45 (0.44–0.47); HW/TL = 0.56 (0.49–0.63); CI = 4.82 (4.22–6.30); 4V = 1.53 (1.25–1.76); 5X = 1.64 (1.56–1.69); 4C = 0.52 (0.37–0.62); M = 0.48 (0.42–0.55).

Distribution. Hawaiian Islands : Maui.

Ecology. Dr. W. B. Heed recorded this species using unidentified leaf mold as their breeding site.

Types. The holotype male ( UHIM2016.48312 ), allotype female ( UHIM2016.48313 ), and three paratypes ( UHIM2016.48314 – 48316 ) are deposited in the University of Hawaiʻi Insect Museum .

Material Examined. Holotype. 1 ♂ ( UHIM2016.48312 ) . Allotype. 1 ♀ ( UHIM2016.48313 ) . Paratypes. 3 ♀♀ ( UHIM2016.48314 – 48316 ). Palikū, Haleakalā Crater, Maui, 6,500 ft. [ 1,981 m], 23 Jul 1963, leaf mold, W. B. Heed col.

Etymology. This species is named after Lono, the god of agriculture, fertility, peace, and rain.

Figures

FIGURE 8. Habitus of Scaptomyza lonoi Rampasso and O’Grady, sp. nov. (specimen UHIM2016.48312), in dorsal (A) and left lateral (B) views. Scale bar = 1 mm. Male terminalia of the respective individual in posterior (C), oblique posterior (D) and left lateral (E) views. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.