Mathilda Semper, 1865

Gründel, Joachim & Nützel, Alexander, 2013, Evolution and classification of Mesozoic mathildoid gastropods, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58 (4), pp. 803-826 : 805

Genus Mathilda Semper, 1865

Fig. 1A .

Type species: Turbo quadricarinatus Brocchi, 1814 ; subsequent designation by Boury 1883; Pliocene, Italy.

Included Jurassic species: Turrithilda angulata Gründel, 1997 , Callovian; Mathilda makowskii Kaim, 2004 , Bathonian–Callovian;? Mathilda podlasiensis Kaim, 2004 , Callovian; Mathilda pseudopalina Gründel, 2007b , Aalenian;? Promathilda reticulata Jamničenko, 1987 including subspecies, Aalenian to Bajocian.

Remarks.—We include Jurassic species with four or more primary spiral ribs in Mathilda with the exception of Erratothilda −species which have a broad shell and strongly keeled whorls. Moreover, most Erratothilda species have a coaxial protoconch and a distinct micro−ornament and differ from Mathilda in these respects. We leave the question whether the Jurassic species which have been assigned to Mathilda are really congeneric with the Pliocene type species open although we consider it unlikely. Gründel (1976) re−described the type species Mathilda quadricarinata and reported the presence of four primary spiral ribs. In contrast, Bandel (1995: 39) mentioned in his key to Triassic Mathildoidea that Mathilda is characterized by two primary spiral ribs. However, he obviously did not refer to the type species. Most of the modern species assigned Mathilda by Bieler (1995) have four or more primary spiral ribs; however, some have only three.

Walther (1951) introduced the generic name Turritelloidea for species which are here assigned to Mathilda . Schröder (1995) replaced Turritelloidea by Turrithilda because he assumed that the ending “−oidea” can only be used in names of superfamilies—this replacement is of course invalid. The type species of Turritelloidea ( Turritella opalina Quenstedt, 1852 ) is a representative of the Gordenellidae and differs considerably from Jurassic Mathilda −species ( Gründel 2005b).

Stratigraphic and geographic range.—The earliest Mathilda is known from the Toarcian; similar species have been reported from the Late Cretaceous (e.g., Mathilda hexalira Dockery, 1993 ); Germany, Poland, Russia,? USA, Ukraine.

Figures

Fig. 1. Type species and examples for Jurassic genera of the family Mathildididae. A. Mathilda angulata (Gründel, 1997), erratic boulder from Hohendorf near Wolgast 3/96/3, Germany, Callovian; from Gründel (1997: pl. 5: 73). B. Tangarilda subturritella (d’Orbigny, 1850), Kanonenberg near Halberstadt, Germany, Hettangian; from Gründel (2010: pl. 3: 3). C. Jurilda concava (Walther, 1951), borehole Kłęby (formerly Klemmen) 1/37, Poland, Bathonian; from Gründel (1997: pl. 1: 1). D. Tricarilda plana (Gründel, 1973), bore Kłęby (formerly Klemmen) 1/37, Poland, Callovian; from Gründel (1997: pl. 3: 41). E, F. The group of Turritella binaria (Jurilda or Tricarilda). These species were also originally included in Promathildia; see also Fig. 4. E. Alaria clathrata Terquem and Jourdy, 1871, Les Clapes, Bathonian; from Terquem and Jourdy (1871: pl. 4: 7). F. Turritella binaria Hébert and Eudes−Deslongchamps, 1860, La Motte Bourbon, early Callovian, Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie BSPG 2012 I 22.