Kodormus bruneosus Barber, 1930

Gil-Santana, Helcio R., Berenger, Jean-Michel & Oliveira, Jader, 2023, A new species of Kodormus Barber, with a redescription of the genus, taxonomic notes, and a key to the species of the genus (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Stenopodainae), ZooKeys 1181, pp. 265-298 : 265

Kodormus bruneosus Barber, 1930

Figs 51-54 , 55-62 , 63-68 , 69-74 , 75-85 , 86-90

Kodormus bruneosus Barber, 1930: 214-216 [description]; Costa Lima 1940: 166, footnote [ Kodormus bruneosus considered as being possibly identical to Otiodactylus signatus Pinto, 1927]; Costa Lima 1941: 337-338 [ K. bruneosus very different from Otiodactylus signatus ; should be included in Ocrioessa ]; Wygodzinsky 1949: 66 [catalog]; Villiers 1971: 684 [misspelled as " brunneosus "; recorded from French Guiana]; Giacchi 1985: 69 [redescription of the male]; Maldonado 1990: 506 [catalog]; Bérenger and Maldonado 1996: 35 [citation], fig. 8, 37 [distinguishing features]; Froeschner 1999: 227 [catalog]; Forero 2004: 166-167, fig. 5.108 [citation, new record from Colombia]; Forero 2006: 36, fig. 58 [new record from Colombia]; Gil-Santana and Husemann 2023: 407, fig. 26 [new records from Ecuador and Peru].

Notes.

Kodormus bruneosus was described based on three specimens: a male “Type” (Figs 51 , 52 ), and as “Paratype”, a female and an additional male ( Barber 1930). The use of the term “Paratype” in the singular must have been a typo. He probably meant to state both specimens as paratypes as he did in several other species described in the same paper. On the other hand, the male designated by him as the “Type” is regarded here as a holotype, following the Art. 73.1.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), which defines that if an author states in the original publication that one specimen and only one is "the type" or uses some equivalent expression, that specimen is the holotype fixed by original designation.

Type material examined.

Kodormus bruneosus Barber, 1930. Male holotype: Panama: [printed label] USNM_ENT, QR CODE / UCR_ENT 00007958 // [framed label] [handwritten] Kodormus / Kodormus bruneosus / ♂ Barber / [printed] Det H G Barber // [almost completely printed label] CabimaPan [Cabima, Panama] / May 26 [handwritten].11 / AugustBusck // [red label] [almost completely printed label] TypeNo. / 43376 [handwritten] / U.S.N.M. (NMNH).

Additional specimens.

Brazil: Maranhão: Balsas, 08°48'41"S, 46°21'49"W, x.1996, leg. M. Eklein, 1 male; Feira Nova do Maranhão, Retiro, 07°00'31"S, 46°26'41"W, 29-30.xi.1995, leg. M. Eklein, 1 male; Mato Grosso, Diamantino, Alto Rio Arinos, 14°25'S, 56°29'W, 30.iv.2002, E. Furtado, leg., 1 male; Pará: Kodormus / Kodormus bruneosus / Barber [handwritten] / Wygodzinsky det. [printed] '64 [handwritten] // [printed label] Cachimbo E. [state of] Pará / Travassos-Oliveira / & Adão [leg.], 25/9-10-[1]956 // [framed printed label] CTIOC / N°. 847, 1 male; Kodormus / Kodormus bruneosus / Barber [handwritten] / Wygodzinsky det. [printed] '64 [handwritten] // [printed label] Cachimbo E. [state of] Pará / Travassos-Oliveira / & Adão [leg.], 25/9-10-[1]956 // [framed printed label] CTIOC / N°. 848, 1 male; Kodormus / Kodormus bruneosus / Baber [handwritten] / Wygodzinsky det. [printed] '64 [handwritten] // [printed label] Cachimbo E. [state of] Pará / Travassos-Oliveira / & Adão [leg.], 25/9-10-[1]956 // [printed label] Instituto Osvaldo Cruz // [handwritten label] desenhado [drawn] // [framed printed label] CTIOC / N°. 849, 1 male; Kodormus / Kodormus bruneosus / Barber [handwritten] / Wygodzinsky det. [printed] '64 [handwritten] // [handwritten label] Belém, Pará / M. Alvarenga / 1-1956 // [printed label] Instituto Osvaldo Cruz //[framed printed label] CTIOC / N°. 850, 1 male (CTIOC). Ecuador: Narupa, Napo Province, 1.200 m, 12.ii.1996, Juán Salvador leg., 1 male (MNRJ). French Guiana: Itoupé, DZ 570 m, 9.iii.2010, light trap, SEAG leg. 2 males and one female; N2, pk 79, 7.i.1996, PL, B. Hermier leg., 1 male; Degrad Corrèze, Route de régina, pk 62, 19.xii.1998, Kindl leg., 1 male; Degrad Kwata, iii.1995, PL, vesco JP leg., 1 male; Barrage petit Saut, 2.iii.1993, J-MB réc, 1 male; Grand Santi, PL, 29.iv.2000, P. Causse leg., 1 male; Laussat, PL, 11.ix.2010, light trap, SEAG leg., 1 female; D6, pk 37, 01.i.1998, light trap, B. Hermier leg., 1 female; Montagne des chevaux, PL, 22.xii.2008, light trap, SEAG leg., 1 female (J-MB). Peru: [red label with a smaller white label glued on it; both printed labels] Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. [underlined by a black line] / Pérou [on the smaller white label] Peru 700 m / Chanchamayo / 20.X.1960 // [printed label] Kodormus / brunneus [sic] / Barber / JMaldonadoC.85 [1985] // Kodormus [printed] / Kodormus bruneosus [handwritten] / Gil-Santana det. [printed] 19 [handwritten; 2019], 1 male (RBINS).

Diagnosis.

Kodormus bruneosus may be separated from most of the other species of the genus by the denticulate latero-distal angles of connexival segments II-VI and from K. oscurus , which although has a somewhat similar connexival structure, presents more prominent connexival latero-distal angles, and by their general coloration, which is generally brownish in K. bruneosus and darker in K. oscurus .

Description.

Male (Figs 51 - 85 ). Total length 17.5-21.5 mm; maximum width of abdomen (between apices of connexival prominences of segment V): 5.5-8.8 mm. Coloration (Figs 51 , 53 - 55 , 73 , 74 ): generally brownish; in some individuals with some portions more darkened such as the fore lobe of pronotum, legs, prominences of connexivum, and ventral surface of abdomen. Antennal pedicel variably paler with apex darkened. Pale markings or portions variably scattered on head, apices of femora, basal portions of tibiae and sternites; the latter sometimes almost or completely paler. Structure and vestiture (Figs 51 , 53 - 74 ): Postocular region of the head with two ramose setigerous processes posterolaterally on each side, very close to each other, the most posterior one slightly above of the other. Setigerous tubercles on serial line of postocular region of head, anterior collar and single rows on the lateral margins of fore lobe of pronotum variable in size and coloration among individuals, larger and pale to whitish or smaller and darker. Tubercles on disc of fore lobe flat, rounded. Humeral angle short, spiniform (Figs 51 , 53 - 55 ). Process of scutellum short. Membrane of hemelytra varying from not reaching to slightly surpassing apex of abdomen (Figs 51 , 53 - 55 ). Fore tarsus three-segmented (Fig. 68 ). Lateroapical margins of connexivum more or less prominent among individuals; that on segment V is sometimes apically curved downward (Figs 51 , 53 - 55 , 73 , 74 ). Male genitalia (Figs 74 - 85 ): medial process of pygophore enlarged; triangular in anterior view (Fig. 77 ).

Female (Figs 86-90 ): Total length: 22-23 mm; maximum width of abdomen between apices of connexival prominences of segment V: 9-11 mm. Similar to male in general (Figs 86 , 87 ). Antennal pedicel with scattered very short and sparse scale-like setae, and a few thin, long setae distally (Fig. 88 , A). Abdomen very wide, with a maximum width on segment V (Figs 86 , 87 ). Membrane of hemelytra not reaching apex of abdomen (Fig. 86 ); genital area visible from above, cone shaped and acute (Fig. 86 ). Female genitalia: external genitalia as in Figs 89 , 90 .

Comments.

Barber (1930) recorded the tibial pad as absent at the apex of fore tibia in K. bruneosus . Giacchi (1985), when redescribed the male of this species, did not mention the presence or absence of pads on the tibiae. However, we have recorded the presence of tibial pads at apices of fore and middle tibiae in all specimens of K. bruneosus studied here (Figs 66 - 70 ). Our observation is in accordance with Weirauch (2007) who also recorded tibial pads (as fossula spongiosa) as present both in fore and middle tibiae of K. bruneosus .

The description of K. bruneosus by Barber (1930) seems to have been based only on the male type (s), because no detail was given concerning the female cited as “Paratype”. There was no mention about differences between sexes and neither about the genital portions. While Barber (1930) recorded the pedicel as densely setose, as seen in males (Figs 57-60 ), he did not mention that, accordingly with the females examined here, it is remarkably less setose in the females (Fig. 88 , A). Additionally, the females were generally larger, with wider abdomens (Figs 86 , 87 ).

When recording K. bruneosus from Colombia, Forero (2006) listed Brazil as a country of occurrence of the species too. However, this supposed record was based on Wygodzinsky and Giacchi (1994), who actually recorded only Kodormus from Brazil, not specifying any species of the genus. Their record may possibly have been based on K. barberi , the only species recorded from Brazil so far. This assertion was confirmed to the first author (HRG-S) by D. Forero (pers. inform.). Therefore, the first proven record of K. bruneosus from this country is provided here.

Distribution.

Panama, Guyana ( Barber 1930), French Guiana ( Villiers 1971), Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela ( Giacchi 1985), Bolivia ( Maldonado 1990), Colombia ( Forero 2004, 2006), Ecuador and Peru ( Gil-Santana and Husemann 2023).

New record.

Brazil (States of Maranhão, Mato Grosso and Pará).

Figures

Figures 51 - 54. Kodormus bruneosus Barber, 1930 51, 52 male holotype deposited in NMNH 51 dorsal view 52 labels and left hind leg glued to a card pinned with the specimen 53, 54 non-type specimens, males, dorsal view 53 specimen from Ecuador 54 specimen from Brazil. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (51, 53, 54).

Figures 55 - 62. Kodormus bruneosus, male 55 specimen from Brazil, dorsal view 56 - 62 antennal segments or portions, lateral view 56 scape 57 - 60 pedicel 57 basal portion 58, 59 middle portion 59 somewhat distally 60 apical portion 61 basiflagellomere 62 distiflagellomere Scale bars: 5.0 mm (55); 0.2 mm (56 - 62).

Figures 63 - 68. Kodormus bruneosus, male 63 - 65 fore femur, lateral view 63, 64 anterior surface 63 median portion, arrows point to ventral spiny rounded tubercles 64 portion of the integument 65 a spiny ventral rounded tubercle 66, 67 fore tibia, ventral view 66 apical pad 67 tenent hairs of a portion of the pad 68 apex of fore tibia and tarsus, lateral view, tibial pad pointed by arrows. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (63); 0.2 mm (68); 0.1 mm (64 - 66); 0.01 mm (67).

Figures 69 - 74. Kodormus bruneosus, male 69, 70 apex of middle tibia 69 lateral view, the arrows point to the distal pad 70 tibial pad, ventral view 71, 72 lateral view 71 middle tarsus 72 hind tarsus 73, 74 abdomen 73 dorsal view 74 ventral view. Scale bars: 2.0 mm (73, 74); 0.5 mm (71, 72); 0.1 mm (69, 70).

Figures 75 - 85. Kodormus bruneosus, male genitalia 75 genital capsule, dorsal view 76 left paramere, inner view 77 medial process of pygophore, anterior view 78 - 80 phallus 78, 79 lateral view 80 ventral view 81 - 85 dorsal view 81 articulatory apparatus and basal portion of pedicel 82 basal portion of basal plate arms, pedicel and basal portion of phallothecal sclerite and struts 83 dorsal phallothecal sclerite, struts and endosoma 84 dorsal phallothecal sclerite and struts (endosoma extracted) 85 endosoma. Abbreviations: ba: basal plate arm; bb: basal plate bridge; br: bridge; dm: distal margin of endosoma; ds: dorsal phallothecal sclerite; ed: endosoma; pa: paramere; pd: pedicel; pt: proctiger; py: pygophore; st: struts; vf: ventral fold of endosoma Scale bars: 0.5 mm (75); 0.3 mm (76, 78, 79); 0.2 mm (77); 0.1 mm (80 - 85).

Figures 86 - 90. Kodormus bruneosus 86, 87 female 86 dorsal view 87 ventral view 88 antennal pedicels of a female (A) and of a male (B), lateral views 89, 90 female genitalia, external view 89 posterior view 90 ventral view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (86, 87); 1.0 mm (88); 0.5 mm (89, 90).