Oceanapia guaiteca Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Carvalho, Lôbo-Hajdu and Willenz, 2013

Hajdu, Eduardo, Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Ruth, Carvalho, Mariana De Souza, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele & Willenz, Philippe, 2013, Twelve new Demospongiae (Porifera) from Chilean fjords, with remarks upon sponge-derived biogeographic compartments in the SE Pacific, Zootaxa 3744 (1), pp. 1-64 : 26

Oceanapia guaiteca Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Carvalho, Lôbo-Hajdu and Willenz sp. nov.

( Figs. 2D–E , 5C–E ; Tab. 5 )

Oceanapia guaiteca Hajdu et al. (2009, nomen nudum) in Willenz et al. (2009: 155)

Type material. Holotype. IZUA-POR 144, channel between Isla Betecoi and Isla Clotilde (43°57’52.50”S – 73°49’01.20”W, Isla Betecoi , Guaitecas Archipelago , Chilean Patagonia ), 15–22 m depth, coll. E. Hajdu, G. LôboHajdu and Ph.Willenz, 08 March 2005 —fragments from the holotype: MHNG 49763 , MNRJ 8973 and RBINSc- IG 32232-POR 8973 . Paratypes. MNRJ 8975 , channel between Isla Betecoi and Isla Clotilde (43°57’52.50”S – 73°49’01.20”W, Isla Betecoi , Guaitecas Archipelago, Chilean Patagonia), 15–22 m depth, coll. E. Hajdu, G. LôboHajdu and Ph.Willenz, 08 March 2005 —fragments from the paratype: MHNG 49758 and RBINSc-IG 32232- POR 8975 . MNRJ 10349 , Reñihué Fjord (42°32’41.64”S – 72°32’03.84”W, Chilean Patagonia), 30 m depth, coll. E. Atwood and D. Thompson, 19 July 2006 —fragments from the paratype: MHNG 52785 and RBINSc-IG 32274- POR10349. MNRJ 10350 , Reñihué Fjord (42°32’41.64”S – 72°32’03.84”W, Chilean Patagonia), 30 m depth, coll. V. Häusserman and G. Försterra, 19 July 2006 —fragments from the paratype: MHNG 52784 and RBINSc-IG 32274-POR 10350. MNRJ 10927 , Pitipalena Fjord (Raul Marin, 43°46’28.62”S – 72°55’13.80”W, Chilean Patagonia), 28 m depth, coll. G. Försterra, 08 March 2007 —fragments from paratype: MHNG 82681 and RBINSc- IG 32274 -POR 10927. MNRJ 10929 , Pitipalena Fjord (Raul Marin, 43°42’13.98’’S – 72°49’24.12’’W, Chilean Patagonia), 28 m depth, coll. G. Försterra, 10 March 2007 —fragments from paratype: MHNG 82682 and RBINSc- IG 32274 -POR 10929 .

Diagnosis. Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. is the only species of Oceanapia in the southern (eastern and western) as well as the Tropical and Subtropical eastern Pacific, and the Temperate south-western Atlantic, which has many irregular, conspicuous, radially disposed fistules, and a single category of oxeote/strongylote megascleres 330–465 µm long and 15–23 µm thick, as well as a single category of sigmas 15–23 µm long.

Description ( Fig. 2D–E ). Massive, globular sponge, 2–4 cm in diameter. External surface markedly irregular due to presence of abundant, variably long, slender, irregularly outlined fistular projections up to 3 cm high. Fistules bear abundant longitudinal veins, which comprise the main multispicular tracts. Oscula not seen. Consistency is firm in the main body, and fragile in the fistules. Live-colour is whitish-pink, with paler, transparent fistular projections, turning white in ethanol.

Skeleton ( Fig. 5C ). Ectosomal skeleton a reticulation of single spicules, pauci- (3–4 spicules across) or multispicular tracts (7–8 spicules across) intermingled with abundant sigmas. Choanosomal skeleton, a dense, irregular network of multispicular primary fibres, connected by paucispicular secondary fibres forming large polygonal meshes where sigmas are also very abundant. The skeleton of the fistules is composed of strong longitudinal multispicular fibres, which divide longitudinally to form irregular elongated meshes, and where a fine aspicular, poral reticulum is contained.

Spicules ( Figs. 5D–E ). Megascleres, mostly fusiform and oxeote, but strongyloxeas and styles also seen, 330– 407 –465 µm long and 10– 18.4 –30 µm thick. Microscleres, sigmas 15– 17.3 –23 µm long and 2–3 µm thick.

Distribution and ecology. Isla Betecoi (Guaitecas Archipelago) and Reñihué Fjord, between 42º and 44ºS. The species occurs on variably inclined substrates, mostly nearly horizontal rock surfaces with poor macrofaunistic assemblages and a thin layer of finely to coarsely grained sediment, 15–30 m depth.

Etymology. The name ‘guaiteca’ is a name in apposition, derived from the species’ type locality.

Remarks. Both new species of Oceanapia described here are discussed after the description of O. spinisphaera sp. nov. which follows below.

Figures

FIGURE 2. In situ photographs of Suberites cranium sp. nov. (A, IZUA-POR 140, paratype), Tethya melinka sp. nov. (B, IZUA-POR 141, holotype), Haliclona caduca sp. nov. (C, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (D, IZUA- POR 144, holotype; E, MNRJ 8975, paratype), Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F, RBINSc-IG 32233-POR 9913, holotype). Scale bars: A–B, 5 cm; C, D, F, 2 cm, E, 1 cm.

FIGURE 5. Skeletal architecture and spicule complement of Haliclona (Reniera) caduca sp. nov. (A–B, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (C–E, MNRJ 10927and 10943, paratypes), and Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F–I, MHNG 52781, fragment from holotype). H. (R.) caduca sp. nov.: A, skeletal architecture in transverse view; B, spicules. O. guaiteca sp. nov.: C, skeletal architecture in tangential view; D, oxeote and strongylote megascleres; E, sigma microsclere. O. spinisphaera sp. nov.: F, skeletal architecture on tangential view; G, skeletal architecture on transverse view; H, oxeote megascleres; I, sigma microsclere. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, D, H, 100 µm; C, F–G, 500 µm; E, I, 10 µm.