Chionomus tenae ( Muir, 1926 ) Weglarz & Bartlett, 2020

Weglarz, Kathryn M. & Bartlett, Charles R, 2020, A revision of the planthopper genus Chionomus Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae), Zootaxa 4811 (1), pp. 1-63 : 36-39

Chionomus tenae ( Muir, 1926) , new combination

( Figures 16 , 17 , 31 )

Delphacodes albinotata Muir & Giffard, 1924: 36 [nec. Crawford, 1914].

Delphacodes tenae Muir, 1926: 34 .

Delphacodes arcuata Beamer, 1948b: 105–106 ; replacement name for preoccupied Delphacodes albinotata Muir & Giffard [nec. Crawford, 1914], new synonymy.

Type Locality. Ecuador, Napo, Tena.

Diagnosis. Body dark brown, with white to cream colored markings. Vertex quadrate; foveae of frons and vertex dark. Carinae distinct, off-white in color; antennae light brown. Pronotum dark anteriorly with band of white along posterior edge, paranota pale along margins. Armature of diaphragm forming a triangular fold, apex of parameres avicephaliform. Aedeagus tubular, left side bearing preapical spine, posteriorly projected; segment X with processes produced as lobes.

Description. Color. Body dark, brunneous, with white and stramineous markings. Carinae of head (including genal carinae) distinct, ochraceous in color, usually with a small amount of brown at apex of carinae; median carinae of vertex evident. Antennae light brown, darkened at joint of the two segments. Pronotum white, dark brown shadows directly posterior to eyes, fuscous markings between lateral and median carinae; paranota dark with white border. Mesonotum dark, median and lateral carinae obscure. Legs light brown; forewings hyaline, infuscate, distinct dark spot just before apex of clavus. Abdomen dark brown, some specimens with fine line of white on caudal edge of each segment, lateral projections of sternites yellow to white. Pygofer brown. Brachypter. Similar to above, lighter; tegmina infuscate, white stripe along apex, darkened spot near apex of clavus. Structure. Body. Length (in mm) macropter 1.88±0.14 (n=12); female (♀) macropter 2.2±0.2 (n=12), ♂ brachypter 1.72 (n=1); width ♂ 0.78±0.06 (n=24); ♀ 0.88±0.07 (n=14). Head. Vertex length 0.18±0.04 (n=38); vertex width 0.19±0.03 (n=38); frons length 0.50±0.05 (n=38); frons width 0.22±0.02 (n=38). Macropter. Carinae of vertex distinct, stem of Y-shaped carina faint. In lateral view ( Figure 16b , 17b ), fastigium rounded; projecting in front of the eye about 1/5th eye length. Carinae of frons and clypeus distinct ( Figure 16c , 17c ), frons subparallel, widest ventral 1/3 rd of compound eyes. Antennal segments subequal in length, segment II wider than segment I; 2nd segment sparsely setaceous, bearing sensory pits arranged 3, 4, 2, 1, evenly spaced around segment. Sensory pits surrounded by small black setae. Brachypter. Same as above.

Thorax. Macropter. Carinae of mesonotum weak, median carina ending anterior to scutellum, lateral carinae faint, parallel posteriorly, reaching hind margin. Legs mostly bare. Calcar bearing 15–17 small teeth (holotype with 15). Brachypter. Same as above but with lateral carinae mesonotum evident, diverging posteriorly; tegmina apically rounded, reaching midsection of pygofer.

Abdomen. Macropter. Compressed dorsoventrally, tapering caudad to truncate apex; abdominal spiracles surrounded by long fine setae. Brachypter. Same as above.

Genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view ( Figure 17d ) nearly half as long dorsally as ventrad, ventral margin sinuate. In caudal view ( Figure 17e , 31a ), as tall as wide, globular; margins rounded, mildly produced dorsolaterally. Opening to inner chamber triangular, pointed ventrad. Armature of diaphragm produced as a U-shaped fold, some specimens with center of fold dorsally produced, triangular, smooth, projecting caudad. Parameres, widest in basal third, basal angle weak; dorsolaterally diverging to avicephaliform apices, lateral margins concave, inner angles strong, acute; outer angles produced to rounded apices. Aedeagus circular in cross-section, strongly curved dorsad, wider near base, with slight subapical expansion before pointed apex; Aedeagus bearing 1 to 2 subapical spines on left, sometimes hooked, directed posteriorly; row of small teeth along either side in midsection; gonopore dorsal, subapical. Segment X quadrate, taller than long; processes produced from midsection, rounded, lobe like, surrounding aedeagus. Segment XI produced, about half length of segment X.

Plant associations. None reported.

Distribution. USA: AZ, FL; Mexico (Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Puerto Rico, Cuba; Jamaica; Montserrat; Belize; Guatemala; Honduras; El Salvador, Costa Rica; Panama, Colombia; Brazil (São Paulo); French Guiana; Venezuela; Bolivia; Paraguay; Ecuador; Argentina.

GenBank accession number. MN339593

Remarks. This species may be allied with C. dolonus because of the folded shape of the armature of the diaphragm, although it is not nearly as posteriorly produced here. The pygofer is also not as laterally compressed in this species. It may also be allied with C. balboae because of the subapical spines of the aedeagus; however, this species has the aedeagus distinctly upturned (straight in C. balboae ) and lacks the triangular boss on the armature of the diaphragm.

Type material examined. Holotype Delphacodes tenae [ BPBM]: Brachypterous ♂, “Tena, Ecuador / March 16, 1923 [Day handwritten] // F.X. Williams / Collector // ♂ // Holotype [Red paper, vertical orientation, affixed to following label] // Delphacodes / tenae / ♂ Muir / Type No.1153. [Handwritten]”.

Paratypes Delphacodes arcuata [all SEMC], Florida , Monroe Co., Lower Matecumbe Key, 14 Mar 1947, R. H. Beamer (8 ♂, 8 ♀) ; Florida , St. Lucie Co., Fort Pierce, 07 Aug 1930, P. W. Oman (2 ♂) ; same, 07 Aug 1930, R. H. Beamer (1 ♀) .

Figures

FIGURE 16. Habitus of Chionomus tenae, holotype, A. dorsal habitus; B. lateral habitus; C. frontal habitus; D. hind tarsus, ventral view; E. labels.

FIGURE 17. Habitus of Chionomus tenae (A-C paratype of Delphacodes arcuata Beamer, Lower Matecumbe Key, Florida). A. dorsal habitus; B. lateral habitus; C. frontal habitus, D. male terminalia, left lateral view, E. male terminalia, caudal view.

FIGURE 31. Line art of Chionomus tenae terminalia, A. pygofer, caudal view, B. anal tube and aedeagus, left lateral view, C. left paramere, widest view.