Cylapocoris Carvalho

Wolski, Andrzej, 2013, Revision of the plant bug genus Cylapocoris Carvalho (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae), with descriptions of seven new species from Costa Rica, Brazil, Ecuador, and Venezuela, Zootaxa 3721 (6), pp. 501-528 : 502-504

Cylapocoris Carvalho

Cylapocoris Carvalho 1954: 507 (gen. nov.); Carvalho 1955: 22 (key to genera), 1957: 28; Carvalho & Gomes 1971: 485 (diagnosis, key to species); Carvalho & Froeschner 1987: 128 (list); Schuh 1995: 22, 2002– 2013 (online catalog); Gorczyca 2000: 49 (list), 2006 b: 28 (catalog). Type species: Cylapocoris tiquinensis Carvalho 1954 (original designation).

Adcylapocoris Carvalho 1989 b: 80 (gen. nov.); Carvalho & Froeschner 1994: 482 (list); Schuh 1995: 19, 2002– 2013 (online (catalog); Gorczyca 2000: 49 (list); Gorczyca 2006 b: 25 (catalog). Type species: Adcylapocoris castaneus Carvalho 1989 b (original designation). syn. nov.

Diagnosis. Recognized by the following set of features: scutellum more or less distinctly convex ( Figs. 1 –12, 19– 20), with lateral margins with single row of punctures ( Fig. 39); scent gland efferent system broad, occupying entire ventral margin of metepisternum ( Figs. 72, 77); corium and clavus with a row of punctures along R+M and anal veins and medial fracture ( Figs. 78–79); tarsus two-segmented with tarsomere II not divided medially; pretarsal claw not toothed subapically; endosoma with more or less distinctly developed medial, sclerotized, sometime serrate lobe (ML) (e.g. Figs. 23, 40, 45, 51, 56); DSS short, sometimes distinctly abbreviated (e.g. Fig. 45, 56); other endosomal either absent ( Figs. 23, 51, 56, 80, 85) or endosoma with two, more or less distinctly developed sclerites in the middle (LS and MS) and/or with single sclerite apically (AP) ( Figs. 28, 40, 45, 62, 67); right paramere with apical process, in dorsal view, characteristically enlarged medially, narrowed toward apex, with distinct subapical process dextrolaterally (e.g. Figs. 25, 42, 53, 58); left paramere strongly rounded, with paramere body broadened (e.g. 26, 59, 70) and apical process, in dorsal view, widened, curved, terminated with rounded process and incised subapically ( Figs. 27, 32, 60).

Redescription. COLORATION ( Figs. 1–22). Dorsum usually dark, varying from yellowish brown to dark brown, nearly black, rarely dorsum brown, with yellowish areas. Head. Usually dark castaneous to dark brown, rarely with yellow or brownish tinges; antenna usually dirty yellowish to brown, concolorous or with more or less distinctly developed pale, whitish or yellowish annulation apically. Thorax. Thoracic pleura. Varying from yellowish brown to dark brown. STRUCTURE, TEXTURE, AND VESTITURE ( Figs. 1 –22, 33–39, 72–79, 90– 91). Body elongate oval, relatively stout; dorsum shiny, mixed with dense, long, erect and semierect setae. Head. Somewhat declivous, varying from rugose to distinctly shining; antenna short; antennal segment I slightly narrowed at basal one-fourth, remainder of segment I almost cylindrical; antennal segment II covered with semirecumbent, usually fine, rarely thick setae, segment II usually slender, almost cylindrical, slightly thickened toward apex, rarely stout or distinctly thickened at apical half or thick along entire length; antennal segments III and IV thin, covered with moderately dense, protruding, long, bristle-like setae; labium thin, long, with apex reaching well beyond metacoxae; labial segment I distinctly divided medially or near medial part. Thorax. Pronotum. Convex; more or less distinctly punctate, rarely impunctate and weakly rugose; pronotal collar distinct, relatively broad, matte; pronotal calli indistinct; area between anterior portion of calli near pronotal collar with distinct, small but relatively deep incision near pronotal collar; lateral margins slightly carinate, straight. Mesoscutum and scutellum. Mesoscutum well exposed; scutellum more or less distinctly convex, shiny, with single row of punctures on lateral margin. Thoracic pleura. Proepimeron more or less distinctly punctate, rarely rugose; remaining pleura usually moderately rugose, rarely somewhat shiny, usually covered with dense setae; scent gland efferent system broad, occupying entire ventral margin of metepisternum. Hemelytron. Corium and clavus with three rows of punctures, one row each along R+M and anal veins and medial fracture; membrane with two cells, major cell large, nearly rectangular; membrane devoid of setae or surface outside cells often covered with minute, relatively dense setae, sometimes vestiture on membrane is restricted to area situated near outer margin. Legs. Thin, relatively short, covered with moderately long, semirecumbent setae; tarsus two segmented; tarsomere II not divided medially; pretarsal claw not toothed subapically. Abdomen. Covered with moderately dense, semirecumbent setae.

Male genitalia. Aedeagus ( Figs. 23, 28, 40, 45, 51, 56, 62, 67, 80, and 85). Endosoma membranous; ductus seminis thin and long, enveloped with soft membrane along its entire length; sclerotized portion of ductus seminis (DSS) short, sometimes distinctly abbreviated; mesial lobe (MS) usually present, sometimes strongly enlarged, occupying most of endosoma; other endosomal sclerites sometimes absent or endosoma with two, more or less distinctly developed sclerites in middle (LS and MS) and/or with single sclerite apically (AP). Right paramere ( Figs. 24 –25, 29–30, 41–42, 46–47, 52–53, 57–58, 63–64, 68–69, 81–82, 86– 87). Hook-shaped; paramere body: weakly broadened, with bundle of relatively dense, long, protruding and semirecumbent setae situated dorsally; apical process: broadened in dorsal view, with distinct, subapical process situated dextrolaterally. Right paramere ( Figs. 26 –27, 31–32, 43–44, 48–49, 54–55, 59–60, 65–66, 70–71, 83–84, 88– 89). Distinctly rounded; paramere body: broadened with relatively dense setae, long, protruding and semirecumbent setae situated dorsally; apical process: broadened and characteristically curved medially, with distinct incision subapically, extreme apex rounded and narrowed.

Remarks. In this paper Adcylapocoris castaneus —the single representative of Adcylapocoris is included in Cylapocoris and reflected in the revised diagnosis of the genus provided above. Carvalho (1989 b) distinguished Adcylapocoris by the impunctate pronotum and the membrane covered with dense setae on the surface outside the membrane cells. My examination of the holotype of A. castaneus and almost all Cylapocoris species, however, revealed that these taxa share numerous characters, such as: the three rows of punctures on the corium and clavus ( Figs. 78–79; Carvalho 1954: Pl. II, Fig. 1); the right paramere with the apical process characteristically broadened dorsally, with characteristic subapical process situated dextrolaterally (e.g. Figs. 25, 47, 53; Carvalho 1954: Pl. II, Fig. 41); and the left paramere with the paramere body distinctly broadened (e.g. Figs. 26, 70; Carvalho 1954: Pl. II, Figs. 2–3), with the apical process, in dorsal view, terminated with rounded process and with characteristic subapical incision (e.g. Figs. 27, 44, 60, 71). Most Cylapocoris species possess characters provided by Carvalho (1989 b) for distinguishing Adcylapocoris , such as more or less developed vestiture on the membrane (e.g. C. costaricaensis , C. simplex , C. sulinus ) ( Figs. 90–91) and very sparsely punctate or impunctate pronotum ( C. sulinus , C. laevigatus ) ( Fig. 38) which also constitutes the argument favouring the inclusion of A. castaneus in Cylapocoris .

Cylapocoris is most similar to Cylapocoroides Carvalho, 1989 in sharing the following characters: 1) corium and clavus with the three rows of punctures ( Figs. 78–79; Carvalho 1989 c), 2) the vestiture on the membrane ( Figs. 90–91; Carvalho 1989 c), 3) the left paramere with the apical process characteristically broadened dorsally, with characteristic subapical process situated dextrolaterally (e.g. Figs. 25, 47, 53; see also Carvalho 1989 c: Fig. 9). Cylapocoris can be easily distinguished from Cylapocoroides by the indistinct and flattened pronotal calli ( Fig. 12) which in the second genus are prominent (Carvalho 1989 c).