Paracoccus burnerae (Brain)

MOGHADDAM, MASUMEH & WATSON, GILLIAN W., 2022, The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 2 The Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae And Rhizoecidae) And Putoidae, Zootaxa 5126 (1), pp. 1-169 : 74

Paracoccus burnerae (Brain)

( Fig. 28 , distribution map Fig. 68 C )

Pseudococcus burnerae Brain, 1915: 111 . Pseudococcus simulator James, 1933: 434 .

Field characteristics: Found on leaves and growing points of herbaceous and arboreal hosts. Live adult female broadly oval, body contents yellow, surface coated with white powdery wax coating, thickest at posterior end of body; segmentation evident; with untidy white wax protrusions around margins, the posteriormost 4 pairs being longer than the others.

Microscopic diagnosis: Slide-mounted adult female broadly oval. Anal lobes moderately developed, each with ventral anal lobe bar extending anteriorly from bar seta at least. Antennae each with 8 segments. Legs well developed. Hind leg with translucent pores on coxa, femur and tibia; targal digitules pointed at tip and longer than claw. Cerarii distinct, numbering 17 pairs. Anal lobe cerarii each with 2 conical setae, 3–5 auxiliary setae and trilocular pores, all situated on a membranous area. Anterior cerarii all without auxiliary setae, each with 2 short conical setae and normally 3–5 trilocular pores except for cerarii on head, which often have 3–5 conical setae each. Circulus present, divided by an intersegmental line. Ostioles well developed.

Dorsum with short stiff setae. Multilocular disc pores absent. Trilocular pores evenly dispersed. Discoidal pores minute, scattered. Oral rim ducts present singly next to most abdominal cerarii, plus occasionally 1 or 2 on submedian areas of thorax, and a single duct present behind each frontal cerarius; 1 or 2 also on midline of thorax and / or abdomen, and submedially on thorax.

Venter with flagellate setae. Multilocular disc pores each with 10 loculi, present posterior to vulva, medially in single rows on posterior edges of abdominal segments IV – VI, and in a more-or-less double row at posterior edge of abdominal segment VII; a few also present on anterior edge of abdominal segment VII. Trilocular pores evenly dispersed. Discoidal pores minute, scattered. Oral rim ducts absent. Oral collar ducts of 2 sizes: a larger type, each about same width as a trilocular pore and about same length as diameter of a multilocular disc pore, present near posterior edges of posterior abdominal segments, and fairly numerous in marginal groups on head, thorax and abdomen, also with a group opposite each first coxa; and a smaller, narrower type of duct present mainly across middle of abdominal segments and medially on thorax .

Distribution: Paracoccus burnerae is known from 23 countries in the Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental and Palaearctic Regions including Iran ( García Morales et al. 2016), where it occurs in Sistan & Balouchestan province ( Moghaddam 2013a).

Host-plants: The species has been recorded on host-plants in 42 genera belonging to 25 families ( García Morales et al. 2016). In Iran, it has been recorded on Avicennia officinalis (Acanthaceae) .

Economic importance: None in Iran, but it has been recorded damaging citrus in parts of South Africa ( Johnson & Giliomee 2010).

Natural enemies: None recorded.

Comments: The accompanying illustration is reproduced from Williams (2004), page 452, Fig. 204, with kind permission from the author and the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K.

Figures

FIGURE 28. Adult female of Paracoccus burnerae (Brain). © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K.

FIGURE 68. Maps of species distributions in Iran. A. Mirococcus inermis (Hall); B. Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead); C. Paracoccus burnerae (Brain); D. Paracoccus ficus Moghaddam; E. Peliococcopsis priesneri (Laing); F. Peliococcus chersonensis (Kiritshenko); G. Peliococcus marrubii (Kiritshenko); H. Peliococcus turanicus (Kiritshenko); I. Pelionella grassiana (Goux); J. Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret); K. Phenacoccus arthrophyti Archangelskaya; L. Phenacoccus betae Moghaddam.