Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret)

MOGHADDAM, MASUMEH & WATSON, GILLIAN W., 2022, The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 2 The Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae And Rhizoecidae) And Putoidae, Zootaxa 5126 (1), pp. 1-169 : 87-88

Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret)

( Figs 35 , Plate 2 A , distribution map Fig. 68 J )

Pseudococcus aceris Signoret, 1875a: 329 . Pseudococcus aesculi Signoret, 1875a: 330 . Pseudococcus hederae Signoret, 1875a: 332 . Pseudococcus mespili Signoret, 1875b: 333 . Pseudococcus platani Signoret, 1875a: 334 . Pseudococcus ulicis Douglas, 1888a: 88 . Pseudococcus ulmi Douglas, 1888b: 124 . Pseudococcus quercus Douglas, 1890: 154 . Pseudococcus socius Newstead, 1892: 144 . Dactylopius vagabundus Reh, 1903: 305 . Phenacoccus perillustris Borchsenius, 1949: 215 . Phenacoccus polyphagus Borchsenius, 1949: 213 . Phenacoccus gorgasalicus Hadzibejli, 1960b: 304 . Phenacoccus prunicola Borchsenius, 1962b: 232 . Phenacoccus karkasicus Moghaddam, 2013: 46 , 52‒53.

Field characteristics: Found on the leaves and branches of its tree host. Adult female elongate oval, up to 4.3 mm

long, greenish-brown to purplish-brown, covered with fine white powdery wax, with 18 pairs of wax extensions around body margin. At maturity, a long, white wooly wax ovisac is produced.

Microscopic diagnosis: Slide-mounted adult female oval to broadly oval, membranous, sometimes margins of body parallel. Anal lobes well developed. Antennae slender, each with 9 segments. Legs well developed; claw with a small but distinct denticle; hind leg with translucent pores few on, or absent from, coxa, femur and tibia; tarsal digitules pointed at tip and longer than claw. In Iranian specimens, cerarii numbering 16 pairs; anal lobe cerarii each with 3 or 4 lanceolate setae (and no small setae) associated with a concentration of trilocular pores, all situated on a sclerotized area. Anterior cerarii each with 2 lanceolate setae, except C 1, C 2 and C 3 each with 3 or 4 setae. Circulus present, usually with narrow lateral extensions, not divided by an intersegmental line. Anterior and posterior ostioles well developed.

Dorsum with lanceolate setae smaller than cerarian setae. Dorsal cerarii sometimes conspicuous in median and submedian areas of thorax and abdominal segments, but not on segment VIII; each dorsal cerarius usually with 2 lanceolate setae and 4 or 5 trilocular pores. Multilocular disc pores absent. Trilocular pores evenly distributed. Oral collar tubular ducts numerous, present in single or double rows across thorax, abdominal segments and sometimes head.

Venter with normal flagellate setae in median areas, but short, lanceolate setae around margins. Multilocular disc pores each with about 12 loculi, present medially on anterior and posterior edges of abdominal segments V−VII, on posterior edges of segments III and IV, and present posterior to vulva. Quinquelocular pores numerous medially on head, thorax and anterior edges of abdominal segments. Trilocular pores evenly dispersed. Oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes: larger type, same as those on dorsum, distributed around margins of thorax and abdomen; and smaller type mostly present across middle of abdominal segments, and on medial and marginal areas of thorax .

Distribution: Phenacoccus aceris is known from the Nearctic ( United States) and Palaearctic Regions (43 countries including Iran) ( García Morales et al. 2016). In Iran it has been recorded from Esfahan, Kermanshah, Kerman, Lorestan, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan and Tehran provinces ( Moghaddam 2013b).

Host-plants: The species has been recorded on host-plants in 61 genera belonging to 34 families ( García Morales et al. 2016). In Iran, it has been recorded on Amaranthaceae : Amaranthus blitoides and Haloxylon sp. ; Asteraceae : Echinops ritro ; Berberidaceae : Berberis vulgaris ; Cannabaceae : Celtis australis ; Caprifoliaceae : Lonicera sp. ; Chenopodiaceae : Beta vulgaris ; Fagaceae : Quercus sp. ; Moraceae : Morus alba ; Rosaceae : Crataegus azarollus and Rosa sp. ; and Sapindaceae : Acer sp. ( Moghaddam 2013b) .

Economic importance: None.

Natural enemies: Not recorded in Iran.

Figures

PLATE 2. A. Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret); B. Phenacoccus bromi Moghaddam; C. Phenacoccus poae Moghaddam; D. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley; E. Planococcus citri (Risso); F. Planococcus kraunhiae (Kuwana); G. Planococcus vovae (Nasonov); H. Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana).

FIGURE 35. Adult female of Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret). © Magnolia Press, www.mapress.com/j/zt, reproduced with the copyright holder’s permission.

FIGURE 68. Maps of species distributions in Iran. A. Mirococcus inermis (Hall); B. Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead); C. Paracoccus burnerae (Brain); D. Paracoccus ficus Moghaddam; E. Peliococcopsis priesneri (Laing); F. Peliococcus chersonensis (Kiritshenko); G. Peliococcus marrubii (Kiritshenko); H. Peliococcus turanicus (Kiritshenko); I. Pelionella grassiana (Goux); J. Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret); K. Phenacoccus arthrophyti Archangelskaya; L. Phenacoccus betae Moghaddam.