Phenacoccus transcaucasicus Hadzibejli

MOGHADDAM, MASUMEH & WATSON, GILLIAN W., 2022, The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 2 The Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae And Rhizoecidae) And Putoidae, Zootaxa 5126 (1), pp. 1-169 : 105-107

Phenacoccus transcaucasicus Hadzibejli

( Fig. 46 , distribution map Fig. 69 I )

Phenacoccus transcaucasicus Hadzibejli, 1960a: 60 .

Field characteristics: Adult female broadly oval, pink in life; males unknown ( Ter-Grigorian 1973).

Microscopic diagnosis: Slide-mounted adult female broadly oval. Antennae each with 9 segments. Legs well developed; hind leg without translucent pores. Claw with a denticle; tarsal digitules pointed at tip and shorter than claw. Cerarii numbering 18 pairs; anal lobe cerarii each containing 3 enlarged lanceolate setae, no auxiliary setae and 5‒8 trilocular pores, all situated on a slightly sclerotized area. Anterior cerarii each with 2 smaller lanceolate setae, and 3–7 trilocular pores; except C 3 with 3 lanceolate setae and 5 or 6 trilocular pores. Circulus large, divided by an intersegmental line. Ostioles well developed. Anal ring with 2 rows of pores and bearing 6 setae.

Dorsum with lanceolate setae of various sizes; some setae each associated with 1 trilocular pore near base. Multilocular pores absent. Oral collar tubular ducts all same size, Iranian specimens with 1–3 ducts adjacent to each cerarius on meso- and metathorax and all abdominal segments except segment VIII.

Venter with normal flagellate setae throughout. Multilocular pores each with 10 loculi, present across abdominal segments IV – IX, not reaching to margins. Quinquelocular pores few, with only 1 or 2 on anterior abdominal segments. Trilocular pores evenly distributed. Oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes; larger type same as those on dorsum, present along margins of thorax and abdomen; smaller ducts forming transverse rows across abdominal segments .

Distribution: Phenacoccus transcaucasicus is known from 10 countries in the Palaearctic Region ( García Morales et al. 2016) including Iran, where it has been recorded from Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province.

Host-plants: The species has been found on host-plants in nine genera belonging to four families: Caprifoliaceae , Juglandaceae , Oleaceae and Rosaceae ( García Morales et al. 2016) . In Iran, it has been found on Lonicera sp. (Caprifoliaceae) .

Economic importance: None.

Natural enemies: Not recorded in Iran.

Comments: The number and placement of marginal tubular ducts on the dorsum can vary between specimens in P. transcaucasicus , from only a few ducts on margin of posterior abdominal segments to transverse interrupted rows on most segments. Examples of both distribution types were found in different specimen series, collected from the same plant or from the same locality, sometimes within the same series ( Danzig 2003). In Iranian specimens, the marginal tubular ducts number 1‒3 adjacent to each cerarius on the meso- and metathorax and abdominal segments except segment VIII .

This is the first record of P. transcaucasicus from Iran.

Genus PLANOCOCCUS Ferris

Planococcus Ferris, 1950 b: 164 . Type species: Dorthesia citri Risso by original designation. Allococcus Ezzat & McConnell, 1956: 13 .

Principal characters: Body of adult female oval to broadly oval. Antennae each with 8 segments. Legs normal, hind leg with or without translucent pores; claw without a denticle. Cerarii numbering 18 pairs, all without auxiliary setae; abdominal cerarii each with only 2 enlarged conical setae. Anal lobe bar present. Dorsal setae usually flagellate. Multilocular disc pores present at least on venter of abdomen. Quinquelocular pores absent. Circulus usually present. Both pairs of ostioles well developed. Oral collar tubular ducts present on venter and sometimes a few on dorsum.

Comments: Worldwide, 49 species are included in Planococcus ( García Morales et al. 2016) ; four species are known from Iran ( Moghaddam & Nematian 2020).

Key to species of Planococcus in Iran

1(0) Dorsal setae with distinctly swollen bases. Dorsal oral collar tubular ducts, if present (not seen in Iranian specimens), forming groups of 2‒5 ducts adjacent to abdominal cerarii. ........................................... kraunhiae (Kuwana)

- Dorsal setal bases not swollen. Dorsal tubular ducts few, occurring singly, sometimes found adjacent to cerarii........... 2

2(1) Dorsal tubular ducts often appearing to have rims, conspicuous, numbering 13–110 in marginal and medial areas, at least on abdomen. All cerarii anterior to anal lobe pair (C 18) or penultimate pair (C 17) with flagellate setae resembling dorsal setae but usually slightly thicker.................................................................. .. vovae (Nasonov)

- Dorsal tubular ducts appearing to have rims, if present, occurring singly adjacent to cerarii except for 1 or 2 in medial areas of abdomen. Either all cerarii with distinctly conical setae or only cerarii towards anterior end of body with slender setae with flagellate tips........................................................................................ 3

3(2) Venter of head and thorax with 0–4 oral collar ducts. Hind leg with translucent pores on coxa, tibia, and sometimes a few on hind femur distally. Cerarian setae on head and thorax often long and slender with flagellate tips. Longest dorsal setae in medial area of abdominal segments VI and VII 40–50 µm long........................................... ficus (Signoret)

- Venter of head and thorax with 0–35 oral collar ducts. Hind leg with translucent pores on coxa and tibia, never on hind femur. Cerarian setae on head and thorax always conical although tips may be somewhat flagellate. Longest dorsal setae in medial area of segments VI and VII 25–35 µm long.......................................................... citri (Risso)

Figures

FIGURE 46. Adult female of Phenacoccus transcaucasicus Hadzibejli.

FIGURE 69. Maps of species distributions in Iran. A. Phenacoccus bromi Moghaddam; B. Phenacoccus daganiae Bodenheimer; C. Phenacoccus hordei (Lindeman); D. Phenacoccus insularis Danzig; E. Phenacoccus poae Moghaddam; F. Phenacoccus pumilus Kiritshenko; G. Phenacoccus solani Ferris; H. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley; I. Phenacoccus transcaucasicus Hadzibejli; J. Planococcus citri (Risso); K. Planococcus ficus (Signoret); L. Planococcus kraunhiae (Kuwana).