Spilococcus williamsi, Moghaddam & Watson, 2022

MOGHADDAM, MASUMEH & WATSON, GILLIAN W., 2022, The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 2 The Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae And Rhizoecidae) And Putoidae, Zootaxa 5126 (1), pp. 1-169 : 128-130

Spilococcus williamsi sp. n.

( Fig. 58 , distribution map Fig. 70 I )

Material examined. Holotype, adult female: IRAN, left label: 2371 / Date. 26.v.2012 / Markazi province / Khomain / Shahabiyeh / Alt. 1742 m / N33˚44′57.0″ / E50˚12′09.5″; right label: Holotype / Spilococcus williamsi sp. n. / Descuriania sophia / ( Brassicaceae ) / coll. M. Alikhani ( HMIM).

Field characteristics: Not recorded.

Slide-mounted adult female (based on 1 specimen): Body oval, 2.50 mm long, 1.41 mm wide. Eyes situated on margin, each about 36 μm wide. Anal lobes poorly developed, each with ventral surface bearing an apical seta (broken). Antennae each about 304 μm long, with 9 segments; apical segment 40 μm long and 20 μm wide, apex with 2 fleshy setae. Legs well developed; hind leg segment lengths (μm): coxa 106; trochanter+femur 190, tibia+tarsus 232; claw about 20, with a denticle. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia+tarsus to trochanter+femur 1: 1.22, and ratio of lengths of hind tibia to tarsus 1: 1.94. Translucent pores apparently absent. Tarsal digitules hair-like, each about 14 µm long and shorter than claw; claw digitules knobbed, each about 20 µm long, longer than claw. Cerarii numbering about 11 pairs; anal lobe cerarii each with 2 slender lanceolate setae (each about 12 μm long), no auxiliary setae, and about 7 trilocular pores, all situated on a lightly sclerotized area; penultimate cerarii (C 17) with 2 lanceolate setae and 2 or 3 trilocular pores; C 16 each with 2 smaller setae and 1 or 2 trilocular pores; cerarius on abdominal segment II with 1 seta and 1 trilocular pore. Head with 3 pairs of cerarii; C 3 with 4 setae and 2 trilocular pores. Thorax with 4 pairs of cerarii, each with 1 or 2 setae and 1 or 2 trilocular pores. Circulus absent. Both pairs of ostioles present. Anal ring about 60 μm long and 52 μm wide, with 1 inner row, 1 or 2 outer rows of pores and bearing 6 setae, each about 52 μm long.

Dorsum with lanceolate setae similar to cerarian setae but smaller, each 3‒4 μm long, present across each seg- ment. Multilocular disc pores, each about 6 μm in diameter, present across abdominal segments IV ‒ VII. Trilocular pores, each about 3 μm in diameter, scattered throughout. Discoidal pores scattered. Oral rim tubular ducts, each about 7 μm long and 4 μm wide, present across abdominal and thoracic segments, absent from head.

Venter with normal flagellate setae, and small lanceolate setae present on margins. Multilocular disc pores each with 10 loculi, same as those on dorsum, present posterior to vulva, at posterior edges of abdominal segments III ‒ VII, and at anterior edge of segment VII. Quinquelocular pores absent. Trilocular pores, same size as those on dorsum, present throughout. Discoidal pores scattered. Oral rim ducts, similar to those on dorsum, present along margins and submargins of segments I‒ VII, and on submargins of thoracic segments. Oral collar tubular ducts same size as those on dorsum, present across segments III ‒ VIII + IX and singly on margins of thoracic segments.

Host-plant: On Descuriania sophia (Brassicaceae) .

Etymology: The species is named in honour of Dr Douglas J. Williams, in recognition of his great expertise on mealybugs and in appreciation of his kind and generous mentorship of both of the authors.

Comments: Spilococcus williamsi sp. n. comes close to S. pressus Ferris in having: (i) circulus absent; (ii) ventral oral rim tubular ducts absent from head; (iii) cerarii numbering fewer than 13 pairs; (iv) oral rim ducts usually numbering at least 6 on each segment. It differs as follows (character states of S. pressus in brackets): (i) multilocular disc pores present on dorsum of abdominal segments (absent); (ii) dorsal oral rim ducts absent from head (present); (iii) multilocular pores reaching to margins of abdominal segments (multilocular pores not reaching to margins).

Genus TRABUTINA Marchal

Trabutina Marchal, 1904: 448 . Type species: Trabutina elastica Marchal , by original designation. Naiacoccus Green, 1919: 117 . Trabutinella Borchsenius, 1948b: 584 .

Principal characters: Body of adult female oval, elastic, with distinct segmentation, body black in alcohol; dry females black and shiny. Slide-mounted specimens up to 6 mm long. Antennae each with 6 or 7 segments. Legs stout; hind leg with translucent pores on coxa and tibia; claw with a small denticle near apex. Tarsal digitules on hind 2 pairs of legs equal in size, with slightly bent apex but no distinct swelling; digitules on anterior legs unequal, 1 similar to the other tarsal digitules and the other short and setose. Claw digitules either with or without a small apical swelling. Anal lobes weakly developed, with long apical setae. Ostioles usually present but not always distinct. Circulus absent. Anal ring incomplete, bearing 6 long setae. Anal ring surrounded by conspicuous concentration of long filamentous setae, and a cluster of large discoidal pores present anterior to ring. In young adult females, anal ring located near posterior apex; in fully grown specimens, ring situated on dorsum level with vulva, at more than 1/4 of the distance from posterior apex to hind legs; segment VIII greatly elongated on ventral surface. Trilocular, multilocular and discoidal pores present. Trilocular pore distribution variable, never scattered evenly over both surfaces of body. Oral collar tubular ducts abundant on both surfaces; oral rim ducts absent. Normal cerarii absent from margins, but remnant of C I8 present near anal ring ( Danzig & Miller 1996).

Comments: Worldwide, six species are included in Trabutina ( García Morales et al. 2016) ; three species are known from Iran ( Moghaddam 2013a).

Key to species of Trabutina in Iran

1(0) Filamentous setae surrounding anal ring numbering fewer than 40. Conical seta bases each narrowed. Lobular swellings present near vulva.......................................................................................... 2

- Filamentous setae surrounding anal ring numbering more than 50. Conical seta bases not narrowed. Without lobular swellings near vulva.............................................................. mannipara (Hemprich & Ehrenberg)

2(1) Venter of thorax with abundant multilocular disc pores. Tarsus 62−82 (69) µm long. Forming a rubbery ovisac.......................................................................................... crassispinosa Borchsenius

- Venter of thorax usually without multilocular disc pores; if present, numbering fewer than 10 pores. Tarsus 37−64 (54) µm long. Forming a very long, sinuous, cottony filamentous ovisac..................................... .. serpentina (Green)

Figures

FIGURE 58. Adult female of Spilococcus williamsi Moghaddam & Watson sp. n.

FIGURE 70. Maps of species distributions in Iran. A. Planococcus vovae (Nasonov); B. Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana); C. Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti); D. Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret); E. Rhodania aeluropi Williams & Moghaddam; F. Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cockerell); G. Spilococcus alhagii (Hall); H. Spilococcus mirzayansi (Moghaddam); I. Spilococcus williamsi sp. n.; J. Trabutina crassispinosa Borchsenius; K. Trabutina mannipara (Hemprich & Ehrenberg); L. Trabutina serpentina (Green).