Urostachys taxifolius (Sw.) Herter, Repert., 2020

Øllgaard, Benjamin, Boudrie, Michel & Cremers, Georges, 2020, The Lycopodiaceae of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, Phytotaxa 433 (2), pp. 101-134 : 124-125

13. Phlegmariurus taxifolius (Sw.) Á.Löve & D.Löve , Taxon 26: 324. 1977.— Lycopodium taxifolium Sw., Prodromus 138. 1788.— Huperzia taxifolia (Sw.) Trevis., Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 17: 248. 1874.— Urostachys taxifolius (Sw.) Herter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 162. 1923.—Type: A remounted specimen, marked as type, but without original annotation, in the type herbarium in S, is possibly the holotype. Fig. 12

Lycopodium passerinoides Kunth , in: Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 1: 41 quarto ed. 1815 [1816].— Huperzia passerinoides (Kunth) Trevis., Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 17: 248. 1874.— Lycopodium taxifolium Sw. var. passerinoides (Kunth) Baker, Handb. Fern-Allies 16. 1887.— Urostachys passerinoides (Kunth) Nessel, Arch. Bot. São Paulo 1: 417. 1927.— Urostachys rubiginosus Nessel, Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 162. 1940. Type:— PERU. Piura: ”Prope Olleras et Aipate, alt. 747 hexp. ”, Humboldt s.n. (holotype? P- Bonpl.! [P00559263, P00559264]; isotypes B [B-W 19410-b], BONN [Herb. Nessel 160]).

Lycopodium nitens Schltdl. & Cham., Linnaea 5: 623. 1830.— Huperzia passerinoides (Kunth) Trevis. var. nitens (Schltdl. & Cham.) Trevis., Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 17: 248. 1874.— Urostachys nitens (Schltdl. & Cham.) Herter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 164. 1923.— Urostachys passerinoides (Kunth) Nessel var. nitens (Schltdl. & Cham.) Nessel, Arch. Bot. São Paulo 1: 418. 1927.— Urostachys schwendeneri (Herter) Herter var. nitens (Schltdl. & Cham.) Nessel, Bärlappgewächse 166. 1939. Type:— MEXICO. Jalapa: ”In arboris vetustis prope Jalapam,” Schiede & Deppe s.n. (holotype B [B 20 0127164]; isotype BM [BM000936462]).

Lycopodium herminieri Spring, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 8: 514. 1841.— Urostachys herminieri (Spring) Herter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 162. 1923. Type:— GUADELOUPE: L’Herminier s.n. (P). According to Christenhusz (2009) “designated by Spring (1842): Guadeloupe, Colitur in Horto Parisiensi, L’Herminier s.n. (P!, duplicate LG)” (= lectotype P! [P00559265]; isolectotype LG).

Lycopodium schwendeneri Herter, Bot. Jahrb. 43: Beibl. 98: 50. 1909.— Urostachys schwendeneri (Herter) Herter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 165. 1923. Type:— MEXICO (indicated as locus classicus by Herter, 1923). No type designated.

Urostachys bruelkei Nessel, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 184, t. 173. 1934. Type:— COLOMBIA: 1600–2100 m, E. P. Killip 11595 (holotype BONN [Herb. Nessel 399]).

Plants lax and pendent, or sometimes recurved from an erect and somewhat rigid stem base, to 50(–70) cm long. Shoots usually gradually heterophyllous, tapering from ca 12–30 mm in diam. incl. leaves at the base, to 3–7 mm in densely sporangiate divisions, sometimes not, or slightly tapering. Stems excl. leaves 1.5–2.5 mm thick at the base; leaves usually gradually modified, borne in alternating whorls of 3–4. Leaves of basal divisions spreading to ascending or somewhat appressed, often twisted at base, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 14–23 × 2–3 mm, almost flat or somewhat concave adaxially, firmly herbaceous to subcoriaceous, with flat or slightly revolute, smooth margins. Leaves of middle and distal divisions usually gradually shorter, narrower and more appressed, abaxially convex, with involute margins. Leaves of fully sporangiate divisions often distinctly 6-ranked, with strongly widened, clasping base, often abruptly contracted into a short to long, narrow, involute apex, 3–8 × 1–1.5(–2) mm. Sporangia 1–3 mm wide.

Distribution:—Southern Mexico to Panamá, Greater and Lesser Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil.

Habitats:—Epiphytic in lower montane forest, 600–1800 m.

Specimens examined:— SURINAME: Brownsberg, Gonggrijp & Stahel 121 (US).— FRENCH GUIANA: Piste de Roura à Kaw, PK 38, montagne de Kaw, 350 m, Feuillet 2915 (B, CAY, NY, P, U, US) ; Barrage de Petit- Saut, Billiet & Jadin 4482 ( CAY) ; Galbao Mts, NW summit, 650 m, Granville 1617A ( CAY) ; Sommet Tabulaire sud, 650–700 m, Cremers 6418 ( CAY, P, Z) .

FIGUE 12. A. Phlegmariurus taxifolius —( Colombia, Espinal 3170, COL). A. Growth habit. A1. Close-up of sporangiate division—B. Phlegmariurus taxifolius —( Colombia, Espinal 3109, COL). B. Growth habit. B1. Close-up of sporangiate division.