Camptoscaphiella Caporiacco

Baehr, Barbara C., Harvey, Mark S. & Smith, Helen M., 2010, A Review of the Asian Goblin Spider Genus Camptoscaphiella (Araneae: Oonopidae), American Museum Novitates 2010 (3697), pp. 1-66 : 4-6

Camptoscaphiella Caporiacco

Camptoscaphiella Caporiacco, 1934: 118 , pl. 1, f. 1 (type species Camptoscaphiella fulva Caporiacco ). Brignoli, 1976: 252.

DIAGNOSIS: Because the type species is described from a juvenile female we present here the first description of the male and female. The heart-shaped sternum, which has a semicircular depression in the middle half of the anterior margin in males, the spination of the first two legs (tibiae I and II with 4 pairs of long spines and metatarsi I and II with 2 pairs of long spines; figs. 205, 215, 233, 251, 261, 272, 296, 332, 348), the combination of an enormous male palpal patella and the bulb well separated from the cymbium with a narrow connection (figs. 139, 140, 333, 335), the brushlike structure of setae at the anterior-median part of the endites in males (figs. 29, 30, 32) and the female genitalic conformation (figs. 182–199) are good characters to recognize the genus.

DESCRIPTION: Total length of males 1.2–2.0, of females 1.8–2.3. Carapace pale orange to yellow-brown, without any pattern, broadly oval in dorsal view (figs. 2, 10, 212, 230, 248, 258, 269, 279, 288, 293, 345), pars cephalica strongly elevated in lateral view (figs. 3, 11, 16, 24), anteriorly narrowed to 0.49 times its maximum width or less, with rounded posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, posterior margin not bulging below posterior rim, anterolateral corners without extension or projections, posterolateral surface without spikes, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica and sides striated or strongly reticulate, thorax without depressions, fovea absent, without radiating rows of pits; lateral margin undulate, rebordered (fig. 34), without denticles, plumose setae near posterior margin of pars thoracica absent; nonmarginal pars cephalica setae light or dark, needlelike, present in one row or scattered (figs. 17, 25), nonmarginal pars thoracica setae absent (fig. 24), marginal setae light or dark, needlelike. Clypeus margin unmodified, straight in front view (figs. 18, 23), sloping forward in lateral view (figs. 19, 27), high; ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more, median projection absent; setae present, light or dark, needlelike. Eyes: six, well developed, subequal or ALE largest (figs. 26, 28), ALE circular, PME squared, PLE circular; posterior eye row procurved from both above and front (figs. 20, 26, 28); ALE separated by less than their radius, ALE-PLE touching, PME touching for less than half their length, PLE-PME touching. Sternum as long as wide (figs. 1, 9), yellowish white or pale orange, uniform, not fused to carapace, median concavity absent, with shallow radial furrows between coxae I–II, II–III, III–IV (fig. 37), surface smooth, without pits, microsculpture absent, sickle-shaped structures absent, anterior margin with semicircular depression in middle half with rounded anterolateral process in males (fig. 33), anterior corner unmodified in females, lateral margin with infracoxal grooves (fig. 38), distance between coxae approximately equal, with narrow extensions between coxae and extensions of precoxal triangles present (figs. 201–202, 211, 216, 221–222, 229, 234, 239–240, 247, 252, 257, 262, 268, 273, 285, 292, 297, 305, 315, 328–329, 337, 344, 349), lateral margins unmodified, without posterior hump; setae abundant, light or dark, needlelike, evenly scattered, originating from small pits, without hair tufts. Mouthparts: chelicerae, endites, and labium pale orange. Chelicerae (figs. 39, 42) straight or slightly divergent, anterior face unmodified; promargin without teeth or with one tooth (fig. 40), retromargin without teeth (figs. 223, 224); without toothlike projections, fangs directed medially, shape normal, without prominent basal process, tip unmodified; setae dark, needlelike, densest medially; paturon inner margin with scattered setae, distal region unmodified, posterior surface unmodified, promargin with row of flattened setae, inner margin unmodified, laminate groove absent. Labium (figs. 31, 35) triangular, not fused to sternum, anterior margin indented at middle, same as sternum in sclerotization; with 6 or more setae on anterior margin, subdistal portion with unmodified setae. Endites distally excavated in male, rounded in female, serrula present in single row (figs. 21, 29–30, 32, 35–36, 40), anteromedian region in male a projecting lobe with brush of modified setae (fig. 32), in female rounded and with dense scopula of simple setae (fig. 36), posteromedian part unmodified, same as sternum in sclerotization. Abdomen ovoid (figs. 4–6, 12, 14–15), without long posterior extension, rounded posteriorly, interscutal membrane rows of small sclerotized platelets absent posteriorly; dorsum soft portions white, without color pattern. Book lung covers large, ovoid (figs. 235, 309), without setae, anterolateral edge unmodified. Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Pedicel tube short, ribbed or plain (fig. 22), scutopedicel region unmodified (fig. 253), scutum extending far dorsal of pedicel (figs. 204, 214, 232, 242, 250, 260, 271, 280, 288, 295, 303, 313, 319), plumose hairs absent, matted setae on anterior ventral abdomen in pedicel area absent, cuticular outgrowths near pedicel absent. Dorsal scutum weakly sclerotized (figs. 65, 66, 210), yellow-brown to pale orange, without color pattern, covering 1 ⁄ 4 to the whole length of abdomen, between 1 ⁄ 4 and 1 ⁄ 2 abdomen width, fused to epigastric scutum in males (figs. 5, 206, 241, 308) except in C. simoni (fig. 338) and C. schwendingeri (fig. 331), not fused in females, middle surface smooth, sides smooth, anterior half without projecting denticles. Epigastric scutum weakly sclerotized, surrounding pedicel, not protruding, small lateral sclerites present in females (figs. 216, 217); postepigastric scutum weakly sclerotized, pale orange, short, covering about 1 ⁄ 3 of the abdominal length, fused to epigastric scutum in males, anterior margin with triangular lateral joints fitting under epigastic scutum in females (figs. 263, 265), without posteriorly directed apodemes in males but present in females (fig. 266, arrow). Spinneret scutum absent. Dorsum, epigastric area and postepigastric area setae present, light or dark, needlelike. Dense patch of setae anterior to spinnerets absent. Interscutal membrane with setae. Colulus represented only by setae (fig. 56). Spinnerets in females (based on C. paquini , figs. 59, 63, 64): ALS (fig. 60) with 4 spigots, a larger median one surrounded by 3 smaller ones; PMS (fig. 62) with 4–6 subequal spigots; PLS (fig. 61) with 9 subequal spigots; spinnerets in males (figs. 52, 56, 57, 58): ALS (fig. 53) with 3 spigots, a larger median one surrounded by 2 smaller ones; PMS (fig. 55) with 2 subequal spigots; PLS (fig. 54) with 4 subequal spigots. Legs: yellow or white, without color pattern; femur IV not thickened, same size as femora I–III, patella plus tibia I longer than carapace, tibia I unmodified, tibia IV specialized hairs on ventral apex absent, tibia IV ventral scopula absent, metatarsi I and II mesoapical comb absent, metatarsi III and IV weak ventral scopula absent, tibiae with “Emerit’s glands,” which are circular depressions on the cuticle that lack visible pores and most probably represent regions of muscle attachment (fig. 47). Leg spination in males (only surfaces bearing spines listed, all spines longer than segment width): tibiae I–II v4-2-2 (figs. 67–72); metatarsi I– II v2-2-0 (figs. 73–75). Tarsi (figs. 76–78) I–IV superior claws examined in detail (in C. paquini , figs. 116–126); all surfaces striated; proclaws and retroclaws I–III each with 3 subapical teeth along outer margin; proclaw IV with 2 basal teeth; retroclaw IV with 4 teeth; teeth actually originate from the ventral surface and bend outwards; inner margins without apparent teeth. Tarsi I to IV without inferior claw. Leg spination in females: femur I p0-2-0 or p0-2-1; tibiae I–II v4-2-2 (figs. 79–82); metatarsi I–II v2-2-0 (figs. 83–86), (figs. 205, 215, 233, 251, 261, 272, 296, 332, 348). Tarsi (figs. 87–90), tarsal claws (figs. 127–138) as in male, except that female retroclaw IV has only 2 subapical teeth (4 in male). Trichobothria (figs. 95–102, 108–115) examined with SEM; tibiae: each with 3; metatarsi: each with 1; base longitudinally narrowed, aperture internal texture not gratelike, hood covered by numerous low, closely spaced ridges. Tarsal organ with 1 small and 1–2 larger sensilla visible; 2 sensilla on palpal tarsus and legs III–IV, 3 sensilla on legs I–II (figs. 91–94, 103–107). Male genitalia: epigastric region with large, circular or oval sperm pore situated at level of anterior spiracles, rebordered (figs. 48–50). Palp (figs. 139–145): right and left palps symmetrical, proximal segments red-brown; embolus dark, prolateral excavation absent; trochanter normal size, unmodified; femur normal size, 1–2 times as long as trochanter, without posteriorly rounded lateral dilation, attaching to patella medially; patella much larger than femur, without prolateral row of ridges, setae unmodified; cymbium orange-brown, ovoid, narrow or rectangular in dorsal view, not fused with bulb not extending beyond distal tip of bulb, bulb attached to cymbium with a narrow connection, plumose setae absent, without stout setae, without distal patch of setae; bulb orange-brown, more than 2 times as long as cymbium, stout, tapering apically. Embolar region distally on bulb, usually bifurcate, with pointed ventral prong (“conductor”) and larger dorsal embolus. Embolus flattened, variably twisted and ornamented; conductor simple or with additional branch. Conductor apparently absent (or fused with embolus) in C. paquini , n. sp., and possibly also in C. schwendingeri , n. sp. Female genitalia (figs. 146–153), postepigastric scutum widely hexagonal, with or without free lateral sclerites, with or without median plate and short or longer naillike anterior sclerite (figs. 182, 184, 190, 188, 186, 192, 194, 196, 198). Copulatory duct narrow, short or long, straight or curved posteriorly bent, originating close to epigynal fold (figs. 183, 185, 191, 189, 187, 193, 195, 197, 199); with external opening (fig. 150), apodemes (figs. 158, 255, 290, 352) originating halfway between epigynal fold and posterior groove, posteriorly directed reaching beyond posterior groove.

The species descriptions contain only the differences from the generic description. The descriptions of the females includes only the differences from the males’ descriptions. Leg spination descriptions mention only those surfaces bearing spines.