Daviesia ulicifolia subsp. ulicifolia (Chandler & Crisp, 1997)

Crisp, Michael D., Cayzer, Lindy, Chandler, Gregory T. & Cook, Lyn G., 2017, A monograph of Daviesia (Mirbelieae, Faboideae, Fabaceae), Phytotaxa 300 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

10a. Daviesia ulicifolia subsp. ulicifolia

References: Chandler & Crisp (1997: 36), Crisp (2002: 528), Craigie (2015: 34.).

Daviesia ulicina Sm. ex Donn (1804: 76) , nom. nud.

Daviesia ulicina Smith (1805: 506) , Bentham (1864: 81). Daviesia ulicina Sm. f. communis Benth. (1864: 81) . Daviesia ulicina Sm. var. communis (Benth.) Maiden & Betche (1916: 101) . It seems likely that this infraspecific name was intended to include the type of D. ulicina . If so, it should be replaced by the autonym. Type: [Port Jackson]. Holotype: LINN; isotype: LIV. Nom. superfl. and inval., D. ulicifolia Andrews (1803) is given as a synonym.

Daviesia genistoides Loddiges (1830a : t. 1552). Type: ‘lately introduced from New Holland’. Type specimen unknown. Holotype: the plate.

Daviesia ulicina Sm. f. subumbellata Bentham (1864: 81) . Daviesia ulicina Sm. var. subumbellata (Benth.) Ewart (1907: 39) . Type: ‘ Victoria and Tasmania.’ Type specimen unknown. In a range of material seen by Bentham (K, MEL), it is unclear which may typify this name. Although Bentham cited D. umbellata Labill. in synonymy under D. ulicina f. subumbellata , the latter should be treated as a new taxon by Bentham, since Labillardière’s name is a mistake ( McNeill et al. 2012: Art. 58)—see also discussion below under D. umbellulata auct . non Sm. var. angustifolia DC.

[ Daviesia umbellata Labillardière (1805 : t. 137), sphalm. Specimens cited: ‘Habitat in capite Van-Diemen.’ Specimens seen: B, BM, FI-W, G, G-DC, P, S. Daviesia umbellulata auct . non Sm. var. angustifolia Candolle (1825: 114) , Don (1832: 125). Notes: See details about this misspelled and misapplied named under the synonymy of D. ulicifolia above.]

[ Daviesia umbellulata auct . non Sm.: Candolle (1825: 114), Hooker (1856: 82). Name misapplied to material of D. ulicifolia Andrews. ]

[ Daviesia umbellulata auct . non Sm. var. angustifolia Candolle (1825: 114) , Don (1832: 125). Type: ‘ D. umbellata Labill ! nov. holl. spec. I. p. 107 t. 137. (v.s.).’ Holotype: Nouv. Holland, Mr. Labillardière, 1808 (G-DC); isotypes: B, BM, FI-W, P, S. Candolle (1825: 114) cited D. umbellata Labill. in synonymy, presumably recognising Labillardière’s error in transcribing the epithet (see above). See also D. ulicina Sm. f. subumbellata Benth. , immediately above.]

[ Daviesia umbellulata auct . non Sm. var. acuminata Hooker (1856: 82) . This appears to be an error of transcription for D. umbellulata auct . non Sm. var. angustifolia DC. because Hooker attributed the variety to Candolle (1825).]

This is the most variable subspecies of D. ulicifolia . It is the autonym subspecies and paraphyletic with respect to the other subspecies ( Chandler & Crisp 1997) (see also the molecular phylogeny, Fig. 1A ), and has no unique diagnostic characters compared with the other subspecies. Phyllodes range from short to long, but are mostly narrow. This is the only subspecies with both umbellate and 1-flowered inflorescences, however they are never racemose. The standard is mostly yellow, ranging from small (as in subsp. stenophylla ) to large (as in subsp. ruscifolia ).

Shrubs to 2.5 m high. Root anatomy normal (unistelar). Phyllodes narrow-ovate or -elliptic, 4–20 × 1–3 mm; upper face convex with midrib more prominent than below. Unit inflorescences 1 or 2 per axil, 1-flowered or umbellate with up to 5 flowers; peduncle 0–3 mm long. Pedicels 0.5–5 mm long. Calyx 2–3 mm including the 0.5–

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CRISP ET AL.

1 mm receptacle. Corolla : standard ca. 3–6 × 3.5–9 mm including the ca. 1–2 mm claw, yellow with dark red markings; wings base auriculate, 5–6 × 2 mm including the ca. 1–2 mm claw, dark red centrally grading to yellow at the margins and apex; keel apex not acute to acute, 4–5 × 2 mm including the ca. 1.5 mm claw, ± deep red. ( Fig. 11 ).

Flowering period:— Late August through to November. Fruiting period: September to December.

Distribution:— South-east Queensland, eastern New South Wales, most parts of Victoria and Tasmania, and south-eastern South Australia.

Habitat:— Varied, from rocky hill slopes in western New South Wales and the Grampians to rich coastal loams on the New South Wales coast and around Portland in Victoria. Vegetation is generally dry sclerophyll forest dominated by Eucalyptus .

Selected specimens (70 examined):— SOUTH AUSTRALIA. South East : 10 km NNW of Millicent, 37°31’S, 140°17’E, P. G . Wilson 1077, 10 November 1959 ( AD, B, E, M, SI, TI) . NEW SOUTH WALES. South Coast: Ca. 2 km N of Bewong Roadhouse , 35°05’S, 150°32’30’ E, G. T . Chandler 47, 27 August 1994 ( CANB); 0.5 km S of East Lynne , 35°37’S, 150°15’E, M . D. Crisp 6738, 4 October 1980 ( CBG, GAUBA); Nowra , 34°53’S, 150°36’E, F. A . Rodway 15476, 13 November 1951 ( NSW). Southern Tablelands : 12.5 km E Hoskinstown towards Braidwood, 35°27’S, 149°34’E, G. T . Chandler 142, 26 November 1994 ( CANB). Northern Tablelands: Dawson’s Spring, Mt Kaputar National Park [38 km ENE Narrabri], 30°17’S, 150°10’E, R . Coveny 8698 & S. K Roy, 17 November 1976 ( NSW). Central-west Slopes: 41 km W of West Wyalong , 33°53’S, 146°47’E, G. M . Cunningham & P. L . Milthorpe s.n., 17 August 1976 ( CBG 8906608 ) . VICTORIA. Western Highlands : Grampians, 1 km above Silverband Falls, 37°10’S, 142°31’E, R . Melville 1774, 28 October 1952 ( AD, BRI, K, MEL, NSW); Grampians National Park, Mirranatwa Gap, 44 km from Cavendish towards Halls Gap, 37°25’34’ S , 142°27’26’E, G.T. Chandler 115, 18 October 1994 ( CANB) . TASMANIA. Orford, F . Hood 13, September 1932 ( HO) .

Affinity:— Daviesia ulicifolia subsp. ulicifolia is highly variable in overall morphology, and can be divided into approximate geographic forms. In particular, plants in the west and south (and from Mt Kaputar in northern NSW) have consistently umbellate inflorescences, while plants in the east and north mostly have 1-flowered inflorescences. The coastal form of New South Wales and eastern Victoria most closely resembles subsp. stenophylla , with fairly narrow ovate phyllodes and flowers solitary or in pairs in the axils. The subumbellate-inflorescence form of subsp. ulicifolia ( Chandler & Crisp 1997) resembles D. ulicifolia subsp. incarnata but in the latter the standard is red-orange whereas in subsp. ulicifolia it is yellow. Plants from western New South Wales (e.g. West Wyalong) resemble subsp. pilligensis , but the latter has broad phyllodes, to 6 mm wide, grows in deep sand, has conspicuous lateral venation and the midrib is about equally prominent above and below.

Figures

FIGURE 1A. Phylogeny (part) of Daviesia estimated using maximum likelihood (PHYML) from concatenated sequences of ITS (nrDNA), and ndhF and trnL–trnF (cpDNA). The tree was rooted using the monotypic sister groups Viminaria and Erichsenia (not shown). The informal clade names are used for reference in the taxonomic treatment. Numbers on branches show non-bootstrap support. The tips are labelled with the taxon name and sample accession number.

FIGURE 11. Daviesia ulicifolia subsp. ulicifolia. A. Flowering branchlet. B. Inflorescence (1-flowered). C. Pod. A, B from Crisp 6738; C from Rodway 15476. Drawn by B-J. Osborne. Adapted from Chandler and Crisp (1997), with permission from CSIRO Publishing.