Daviesia ulicifolia Andrews (1803

Crisp, Michael D., Cayzer, Lindy, Chandler, Gregory T. & Cook, Lyn G., 2017, A monograph of Daviesia (Mirbelieae, Faboideae, Fabaceae), Phytotaxa 300 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

10. Daviesia ulicifolia Andrews (1803 : t. 304), Stanley & Ross (1983: 254), Jeanes (1996: 762), Crisp (1995: 1241), Chandler & Crisp (1997: 35), Crisp (2002: 527), Craigie (2015: 33). Type: ‘...from New Holland...Our drawing was made from the Hibbertian collection, in the month of May 1802.’ Type specimen unknown. Holotype: the plate

Daviesia ulicina Sm. ex Donn (1804: 76) , nom. nud. & inval.

Daviesia ulicina Smith (1805: 506) , Bentham (1864: 81). Type: [Port Jackson]. Holotype: LINN; isotype: LIV. Nom. superfl. & inval. — D. ulicifolia Andrews (1803) is given as a synonym.

Daviesia genistoides Loddiges (1830a : t. 1552). Type: ‘lately introduced from New Holland’. Type specimen unknown. Holotype: the plate.

Daviesia ruscifolia A.Cunn. ex Bentham (1837a: 11) , Bentham (1839: 75). Type: ‘Nova Cambria australis, A. Cunningham...(v.s.)’. Holotype: Bushy sandstone ridge SW from Lake George, SW interior of N.S. Wales, A. Cunningham 64, April 1824 (W); isotypes: BM, CANB, CGE, K (2 sheets), NY).

[ Daviesia umbellata Labillardière (1805 : t. 137), sphalm. Specimens cited: ‘Habitat in capite Van-Diemen.’ Specimens seen: B, BM, FI-W, G, G-DC, P, S. Daviesia umbellulata auct . non Sm. var. angustifolia Candolle (1825: 114) , Don (1832: 125). Notes: Daviesia umbellata Labill. is an erroneous spelling of D. umbellulata Sm. because Labillardière cited a full reference to Smith (1805: 506) and quoted the original diagnosis of D. umbellulata Sm. verbatim. Labillardière misapplied this name to material of D. ulicifolia Andrews , as well as misspelling it. Subsequently, Candolle (1825: 114) made the new name D. umbellulata var. angustifolia based on D. umbellata Labill. Similarly, Bentham (1864: 81) named D. ulicina f. subumbellata (see in synonymy of D. ulicifolia subsp. ulicifolia ) based on D. umbellata Labill. ]

[ Daviesia umbellulata auct . non Sm.: Candolle (1825: 114), Hooker (1856: 82). Name misapplied to material of D. ulicifolia Andrews. ]

A MONOGRAPH OF DAVIESIA

Phytotaxa 300 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press • 37 Divaricate shrubs to 2.5 m high, glabrous or occasionally hispid on vegetative parts. Root anatomy normal (unistelar) in all subspecies examined. Branchlets spinescent, longitudinally ridged, angular-terete. Phyllodes scattered, divaricate to ascending, narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, usually rigid, 3–22 × 1–6 mm; apex

38 • Phytotaxa 300 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press

CRISP ET AL.

acuminate and pungent, upper face convex with midrib usually more prominent than below (sometimes equally prominent in subsp. pilligensis ); basal node articulate. Unit inflorescences 1 or 2 per axil, 1-flowered or umbellate (rarely with very condensed racemes) with up to 5 flowers; peduncle 0–3 mm long, rachis 0–1.1 mm long; subtending bracts ascending, oblong, ca. 1 mm long. Pedicels cylindrical, 0.5–5 mm long. Calyx 2–4 mm long, including ca. 0.5–1 mm receptacle; lobes equal, triangular or narrow-triangular, incurved at margins and in profile (tips sometimes recurved), ca. 0.5–1 mm long, 10-ribbed. Corolla : standard broadly obovate, emarginate, 3–6 × 3– 10 mm including the 1–2 mm claw, varying among subspecies from yellow with a small red ring surrounding a yellow centre to orange with a red ring surrounding a yellow centre; wings obovate to broadly so, apex rounded, auriculate to deeply so, 4–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm including the 1–2 mm claw, dark red centrally grading to yellow or orange-red (depending upon subspecies) at the margin and apex; keel half transversely broadly elliptic to obovate, obtuse to very acute at apex, slightly auriculate to deeply so, slightly saccate to deeply so, 4–5 × 1.5–2.5 mm including the ca. 1.5 mm claw, maroon to red. Stamens strongly dimorphic: inner whorl of 5 with longer, slender, compressed filaments and versatile or basifixed anthers with confluent thecae; outer whorl of 5 with shorter, broader, compressed filaments and basifixed, 2-celled anthers; filaments free. Style curving gently to sharply upwards. Pod obliquely shallowly obtriangular, compressed but somewhat biconvex in section, beaked with persistent style at apex, ca. 8 × 5.5 mm, light brown. Seed round-oblong, 3.5–4 mm long, 1.8–2 mm wide, ca. 1.5 mm thick, colour light-medium brown; aril round. ( Figs 11 , 12 ).

A MONOGRAPH OF DAVIESIA

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Common names:— Gorse Bitter-pea, Native Gorse.

Flowering period:— August at low elevations and latitudes to December at higher elevations and latitudes. Fruiting period: September to January.

Distribution:— An extensive range in eastern and southern Australia, from the Great Victoria Desert in Western Australia, across the southern half of South Australia, through Victoria and Tasmania and north through eastern New South Wales to south-east and central Queensland, with a disjunct occurrence in far north Queensland.

Affinity:— Daviesia ulicifolia has affinities to D. arthropoda , D. sejugata , D. acicularis and D. arenaria , all of which belong to the Actinomorphic-calyx clade (III, Fig. 1A ). Additionally, D. microcarpa is very similar to D. ulicifolia , despite not being closely related. Daviesia acicularis and D. microcarpa differ from the other species, including D. ulicifolia , in having multiple ascending stems with non-spinescent tips. Daviesia microcarpa has terete-tetragonal phyllodes, whereas D. ulicifolia has horizontally flattened phyllodes. Daviesia acicularis has toothed phyllode margins, whereas D. ulicifolia has entire margins. Daviesia arthropoda has narrowly obovate phyllodes and D. sejugata has narrowly elliptic to obovate phyllodes, whereas D. ulicifolia has basically ovate phyllodes (often narrow) that occasionally approach elliptic. Also, D. arthropoda and D. sejugata tend to have longer and broader phyllodes than D. ulicifolia . In D. ulicifolia , the calyx-lobes are incurved at the tips whereas in D. sejugata and D. arthropoda they are gently recurved. Daviesia arenaria has a similar phyllode shape to some forms of D. ulicifolia (mainly subsp. pilligensis ), but in D. ulicifolia the midvein is more prominent above than below, whereas in D. arenaria the midvein is more prominent below. In D. ulicifolia subsp. pilligensis the midvein is more or less equally prominent above and below, but it is strictly glabrous ( D. arenaria is usually grey-hispid).

Figures

FIGURE 1A. Phylogeny (part) of Daviesia estimated using maximum likelihood (PHYML) from concatenated sequences of ITS (nrDNA), and ndhF and trnL–trnF (cpDNA). The tree was rooted using the monotypic sister groups Viminaria and Erichsenia (not shown). The informal clade names are used for reference in the taxonomic treatment. Numbers on branches show non-bootstrap support. The tips are labelled with the taxon name and sample accession number.

FIGURE 11. Daviesia ulicifolia subsp. ulicifolia. A. Flowering branchlet. B. Inflorescence (1-flowered). C. Pod. A, B from Crisp 6738; C from Rodway 15476. Drawn by B-J. Osborne. Adapted from Chandler and Crisp (1997), with permission from CSIRO Publishing.

FIGURE 12. Daviesia ulicifolia, showing variation among non-typical subspecies. A. subsp. stenophylla. B. subsp. aridicola. C. subsp. ruscifolia, Victorian lowland form. D. subsp. ruscifolia, montane form. E. subsp. pilligensis. F. subsp. incarnata. Voucher details unavailable. Drawn by B-J. Osborne.