Julverninthus rentzi, Robillard & Su, 2018

Robillard, Tony & Su, You Ning, 2018, New lineages of Lebinthini from Australia (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae), Zootaxa 4392 (2), pp. 241-266 : 248-253

Julverninthus rentzi n. sp.

( Figs 5A–D , 6A–C , 7A,B , 8 , 9A , 10A–C , 11 , 12 , 18 )

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:500995

Type material. Male holotype: Australia, Queensland, Daintree rainforest, Observatory , 5.v.2015, 16°06’S 145°26’E, 49 m, B. Lessard, Y.N. Su & K. Meusermann, molecular sample L119 ( ANIC 14-005045 ) . Female allotype: Australia, Queensland, James Cook University , rainforest site, 16°06'11.53"S 145°27'13.08"E, 19 m, 18–19.viii.2014, D.C.F. Rentz, P. Tripotin & B. Richardson, 1♀ matured in laboratory (6.xii/2014) ( ANIC) . Paratypes (2♂): Australia, Queensland, Cape Tribulation , 16.05S, 145.27E QLD, CT3, 30 m, 2 km WSW, 4.i.1996, 1♂, molecular sample L123, L. Umback FI trap-JCU ( ANIC 14-005044 ) . James Cook University , rainforest site, 16°06'10.00"S 145°26'56.24"E, 46 m, 10.iii.2014, 1♂, D.C.F. Rentz & B. Richardson ( MNHN-EO- ENSIF4386 ) .

Type locality. Australia, Queensland, Daintree rainforest, Observatory , 16°06’S 145°26’E, 49 m.

Distribution. Australia, Queensland.

Etymology. Species dedicated to the great Australian entomologist David Rentz, who collected the type specimens.

Diagnosis. J. rentzi is characterized by its larger size, dark orange brown coloration with darker head and lateral lobes of pronotum, female FW venation with strong longitudinal veins (reticulated in J. minoris ), and by male genitalia with pseudepiphallus more elongate and thinner than in J. minoris , not convex dorsally; pseudepiphallic parameres with a rectangular dorsal lobe (rounded in J. minoris ), their bases parallel (diverging in J. minoris ).

Description. Size average. Coloration mostly orange brown, except head and pronotum darker ( Figs. 5A–D ). Eyes small, occupying 35% of head width dorsally. Vertex with five wide longitudinal black bands on yellow background, the median one resulting from the fusion more or less complete of two bands ( Fig. 6A ). Fastigium dark brown twice as wide as scape, densely setose, with short whitish setae and longer orange ones. Ocelli whitish. Scapes orange brown, with a black pattern on facial side; antennae light brown basally, then darker with yellow brown rings. Front and face black, with a yellow spot bellow eyes. Lateral side of head black, with two faint yellow lines posterior to eyes. Mouthparts dark brown; clypeus with two lateral yellow spots on dorsal margin and a characteristic trident-shaped whitish pattern on ventral part ( Fig. 6B ); mandibles black basally, yellow ventrally; labrum brown basally, then whitish. Maxillary palpi brown. Pronotum: Dorsal disk brown, mottled with orange, and black; lateral lobes homogeneously black. Wings brachypterous, very short in both sexes. Legs almost homogeneously dark orange brown; tarsomeres yellow basally. FIII dark orange brown, including knees, mottled with white spots and with dark striated patterns. Abdomen and cerci orange brown, the latter mottled with dark brown.

Male: FW dorsal field ( Fig. 7A ) translucent brown with yellow veins, its antero-lateral corner with a large whitish sclerotization (hidden under pronotum in HT, but see Fig. 11 ); area of plectrum with a strong orange sclerotization. Vein 1A bisinuate anterior to angle. File with 159 stridulatory teeth distributed on transverse part of 1A (130) and on angle (29) (n=1). CuA barely curved inward. CuP absent. Mirror not rounded but well differentiated from other cells of D alignment, forming a wide rectangle without accessory vein. Cell c1 widened posteriorly, with a median transverse vein. Apical field short, including reticulated veins posterior to mirror (cell alignment E). Lateral field mostly dark brown; veins R and M strong and orange, delimiting a dark brown area. Sc orange, with two projections. Lateral field with four (n=3) strong parallel longitudinal veins ventral to Sc, with faint dark transverse veins.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 8 ): Pseudepiphallus elongate, forming a narrow triangle; posterior apex forming a gutter longer than wide; pseudepiphallus straight in lateral view. Pseudepiphallic parameres dorsal posterior lobe rectangular with rounded angles, their bases parallel.

Female: FWs very short, separated dorsally by half their length, apex rounded ( Fig. 7B ). FW dorsal field light brown, not translucent, lateral field dark brown; FW with 10 (n=1) strong dark brown strong longitudinal veins, 7 on dorsal field, 3 on lateral field. Ovipositor slightly shorter than FIII, apex acute, slightly denticulate dorsally ( Fig. 9A ). Female copulatory papilla ( Figs. 10A–C ): rounded, flat ventrally; apex slightly sclerotized and folded ventrally.

Juvenile: Brown, with similar color pattern as in adults ( Fig. 12B ).

Measurements. See Table 1.

Habitat and life history traits. J. rentzi was found active at night on low plants in forested areas.

Calling song. Unknown.

TIIIs

BL PronL PronW FWL FWW FIIIL FIIIW TIIIL TaIIIs OL

Ias Ibs Oas Obs

Male holotype 20 3.8 5.1 4.1 2.9 15.8 4.9 13.7 9 6 12 9 3 - Males (n = 3) 18.1-20 3.8-4 4.9-5.1 4.1-4.8 2.9-3.2 14.1-15.8 4.3-4.9 11.4-13.7 6-9 6-7 12 - 14 8-9 3 - (Male mean) (19) (3.9) (5) (4.6) (3) (15.2) (4.7) (12.8) (8) (7) (13) (9) (3) - Female allotype 20.3 4.1 5.5 1.6 - 16.6 5.5 14.7 6 8 11 9 3 14.2 TIIIs

BL PronL PronW FWL FWW FIIIL FIIIW TIIIL TaIIIs OL

Male holotype 16.4 3.2 4.2 3.6 2.3 11.7 3.7 9.7 Female allotype 15.8 3.7 5 1.2 - 13.9 4.2 12 Females (n = 2) 13.9-15.8 3.2-3.7 4.5-5 0.9-1.2 - 11.9-13.9 4.1-4.2 9.7-12 (Female mean) (15) (3.5) (4.8) (1.1) - (12.9) (4.2) (10.9) 5(+1) - 3 10.9 3-4(+1) 10.9-11.2 (4+1) (11.1) BL PronL PronW FWL FWW FIIIL FIIIW TIIIL TaIIIs OL

Ias Ibs Oas Obs

Male holotype 20.1 4 5.2 5.9 3.6 17.1 5.7 14.1 8 6 11 6 4 - Males (n = 2) 20.1-2 0.9 4-4.1 5.2-5.6 5.9-6.1 3.6 17.1-18.2 5.7-5.8 14.1-15.3 6-8 5-6 11 6 3-4 - (Male mean) (20.5) (4.1) (5.4) (6.0) (3.6) (17.7) (5.8) (14.7) (7) (6) (11) (6) (4) - Female allotype 21.9 4.1 5.8 4.9 2.8 18.5 5.7 16 7 6 13 6 4 15.5 Females (n = 5) 20.6-23.1 4.1-4.5 5.8-6.5 4.5-5 2.8-3.3 18.5-18.9 5.7-6.3 15.8-16.6 7-9 5-6 10 - 13 6-7 3-4 15.5-18.1 (Female mean) (22.1) (4.3) (6.1) (4.8) (3.1) (18.8) (6) (16.1) (8) (6) (12) (6) (4) (16.6)

Figures

FIGURE 5. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp. (A–D): male in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views; female in dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. Julverninthus minoris n. sp. (E–H): male in dorsal (E) and lateral (F) views; female in dorsal (G) and lateral (H) views. Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 6. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp. (A-C), Julverninthus minoris n. sp. (D-F): head in dorsal (A, D), facial (B, E) and lateral (C, F) views, respectively. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp. (A–B): male forewing venation in dorsal view (A); female venation in dorsal view (B). Julverninthus minoris n. sp. (C): male forewing venation in dorsal view. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 8. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp.: male genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, with detail of posterior part in ventral view (D). Legends, see matetials and methods section. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 9. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp. (A), Macrobinthus kutini n. sp. (B): apex of ovipositor. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 10. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp. (A–C), Julverninthus minoris n. sp. (D-F), Macrobinthus kutini n. sp. (G–I): female copulatory papilla in ventral (A, D, G), dorsal (B, E, H) and lateral (C, F, I) views. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp.: male holotype in natural habitat (Photo © David Rentz).

FIGURE 12. Julverninthus rentzi n. sp.: couple mating on vegetation (A); juvenile on leaf (B) in natural habitat (Photos © David Rentz).

FIGURE 18. Distribution map of the species mentioned in the study. Map modified after snapshots from www.maphill.com.