Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus)

Evenhuis, Neal L. & Gharali, Babak, 2022, The subgenus Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus) (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae) in Madagascar, Zootaxa 5222 (5), pp. 401-426 : 402-404

Key to the Malagasy species of Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus)

1. Clypeus elongate, extending well beyond length of oral margin, forcing proboscis to be reflexed downward and backward ( Fig. 4 )....................................................................... E. (A.) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis

–. Clypeus not elongate, never extending beyond length of oral margin ( Fig. 3 )...................................... 2

2. Proboscis extremely short, barely projecting beyond oral margin ( Fig. 21 ); head wider than long in dorsal view ( Fig. 18 )... 3

–. Proboscis clearly projecting beyond oral margin for at least 1/2 head height; head longer than wide in dorsal view ( Fig. 17 ).................................................................................................... 4

3. Wing vein R 4+5 ending in wing margin before level of end of M 2 ( Fig. 41 ); cell r4+5 at wing margin as wide as cell m2; eyes in males clearly dichoptic below level of antennae; prescutellar area in females with yellow marks............................................................... (northwest Madagascar) ... E. (A.) contrasticus Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

–. Wing vein R 4+5 ending in wing margin well beyond level of end of M 2 ( Fig. 43 ); cell r4+5 at wing margin narrower than cell m2; eyes in males holoptic or nearly so below level of antennae; prescutellar area in females black, without yellow marks................................................ (southwest Madagascar) ... E. (A.) irwini Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

4. Second antennal flagellomere 1/3 or more length of first flagellomere ( Fig. 23 ).................................... 5

–. Second antennal flagellomere reduced in size, less than 1/4 length of first flagellomere ( Fig. 24 )......................................................................................... E. (A.) nanus Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

5. Prescutellar area with yellow color; scutellum all yellow in color, no darker color present; R 4+5 either upcurved ( E. hauseri , n. sp.) or not upcurved ( E. rinhai , n. sp.) at wing margin........................................................ 7

–. Prescutellar area black; scutellum with some dark brown to black color, not all yellow; R 4+5 not upcurved at wing margin... 6

6. Scutellum all black; anal cell narrowly open at wing margin ( Fig. 45 ); females with pleura predominantly yellow, darker yellow to brown only on lower pleurites........................................ E. (A.) regius Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

–. Scutellum predominantly yellow with brown basomedially; anal cell closed at wing margin ( Fig. 40 ); females with pleura predominantly black, yellow only on upper portions of katepimeron, katepisternum and propleuron........................................................................... E. (A.) andriambahomananii Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

7. Prescutellar area with some dark color medially, yellow marks not broadly coalesced (some orange color medially in females) ( Figs 61–62 ); anal cell open at wing margin; wing vein R 4+5 straight to wing margin; abdominal tergite I with white band along posterior margin..................................................... E. (A.) rinhai Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

–. Prescutellar area yellow, without dark color medially anterior to scutellum, yellow marks broadly coalesced ( Figs 53–54 ); anal cell closed in wing margin; wing vein R 4+5 upcurved at wing margin; abdominal tergite I all brown, without white band posteriorly......................................................... E. (A.) hauseri Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp.

Figures

FIGURES 3–4. Schematic illustration showing differences in clypeus lengths of Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus) species. 3, E. (A.) celluliferus Hesse; 4, E. (A.) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis. Arrows point to clypeus. (Redrawn from Evenhuis 2007; figs 2–3).

FIGURES 20–22. Malagasy Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus), heads. 20, E. (A.) contrasticus, n. sp., male, frontal view; 21, E. (A.) irwini, n. sp., male, oblique view; 22, E. (A.) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis, male, dorsal view.

FIGURES 17–19. Malagasy Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus), heads. 17, E. (A.) andriambahomananii, n. sp., male, oblique view; 18, E. (A.) irwini, n. sp., female, dorsal view; 19, E. (A.) rinhai, n. sp., male, dorsal view.

FIGURES 40–47. Malagasy Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus), wings. 40, E. (A.) andriambahomananii, n. sp.; 41, E. (A.) contrasticus, n. sp.; 42, E. (A.) hauseri, n. sp.; 43, E. (A.) irwini, n. sp.; 44, E. (A.) nanus, n. sp.; 45, E. (A.) regius, n. sp.; 46, E. (A.) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis; 47, E. (A.) rinhai, n. sp.

FIGURES 23–24. Malagasy Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus), antennae. 23, E. (A.) andriambahomananii, n. sp.; 24, E. (A.) nanus, n. sp.

FIGURES 59–62. Malagasy Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus), abdomens, dorsal view. 59, E. (A.) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis, male; 60, E. (A.) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis, female; 61, E. (A.) rinhai, n. sp., male; 62, E. (A.) rinhai, n. sp., female.

FIGURES 50–58. Malagasy Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus), abdomens, dorsal view. 50, E. (A.) andriambahomananii, n. sp., female; 51, E. (A.) contrasticus, n. sp., male; 52, E. (A.) contrasticus, n. sp., female; 53, E. (A.) hauseri, n. sp., male; 54, E. (A.) hauseri, n. sp., female; 55, E. (A.) irwini, n. sp., male; 56, E. (A.) irwini, n. sp., female; 57, E. (A.) nanus, n. sp., male; 58, E. (A.) regius, n. sp., male.