Iratiquedius seriatus (Horn, 1878) Brunke, 2022

Brunke, Adam J., 2022, A world generic revision of Quediini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae), part 1. Early diverging Nearctic lineages, ZooKeys 1134, pp. 129-170 : 129

Iratiquedius seriatus (Horn, 1878) comb. nov.

Figs 2F , 3A, D , 7A, B, D, E, H, I, L, M , 9D , 11C (map)

Quedius seriatus Horn, 1878: 166.

Quedius (Raphirus) seriatus : Smetana 1971 (redescription); Brunke et al. 2016, 2019, 2021 (phylogeny, non- Raphirus ).

Type locality.

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Type material.

Holotype (male, MCZ): Van. [Vancouver] [printed label] / [male symbol] / Q. seriatus H. [handwritten label] / Type 7272 [red label]. Examined virtually.

The holotype male, although not dissected, was collected in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and far from the known distribution of I. uncifer . Therefore, the identity of this specimen is not in doubt.

Non-type material.

Canada: British Columbia: Fraser Valley: 7 mi W Hope, 3.VI.1968, Campbell and Smetana (2, CNC); Greater Vancouver: Stanley Park, 28.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); Vancouver Island: 10 mi E [Port] Alberni, MacMillan Provincial Park, 26.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); Port Alberni, Mount Arrowsmith, nr. road to ski area, 11.6 km off Highway 4, wet moss on rocks, 20.VII.1979, I.M. Smith (20, CNC); same except: moss on rocks and sticks in stream, 28.VI.1979 (10, CNC); Squamish-Lillooet: Garibaldi Provincial Park, Diamond Head Trail, 1128 m, 1.VIII.1975, J.M. Campbell & B.A. Campbell (3, CNC); Garibaldi Provincial Park, Mimulus Creek, 1645 m, 8.VIII.1975, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (2, CNC).

United States: California: El Dorado Co.: 5 mi SW Kyburz, 1219 m, 6.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (5, CNC); Sierra Co.: 10 mi W Goodyears Bar, Hwy 49, under sandy-muddy moss clumps along cliff by a waterfall, 29.VI.1991, BF & JL Carr (1, CNC); Marin Co.: Point Reyes, 4.VI.1910, A. Fenyes (1 male, CNC); Siskiyou Co.: 5.4 mi SE Seiad Valley, O’Neil Creek, 457 m, 5.VII.1976, L & N Herman (1 female, CNC); Oregon: Benton Co.: Mary’s Peak, 1158 m, 27.VII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (8, CNC); same except 9.V.1968 (5, CNC); Mary’s Peak, 1066 m, waterfalls, 5.V.1973, E.M. Benedict (3, CNC); Clackamas Co.: mile 1 Timberline Lodge Road, 1463 m, 29.VII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (8, CNC); same except 28.VI.1974, A. & D. Smetana (2, CNC); Mt. Hood National Forest, Still Creek, Tributary at Highway 173, 1280 m, conifer forest, moss at stream edge, 15.V.2012, A. Newton and M. Thayer (1, FMNH); Douglas Co.: Scottsburg Bridge on Umpqua River, Hwy 38, moss, 11.XII.1971, E.M. Benedict (3, CNC); Hood River Co.: Mount Hood National Forest, Switchback Falls, 1340 m, 30.VII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (1, CNC); Mount Hood National Forest, Umbrella Falls, 1828 m, 30.VII.1930, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (2, CNC); Mount Hood National Forest, near Barlow Pass, 1220 m, 29.VI.1974, treading wet moss intermixed with low vegetation, muddy edge of small forest marsh, A. & D. Smetana (23, CNC); Jackson Co.: Highway 140, Little Butte Creek, 23.VI.1974, A. & D. Smetana (1, CNC); Tillimook Co.: 1 mi S Hebo, 28.VII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (1, CNC); Washington: Clallam Co.: 10 mi S Sequim, 12.V.1968, Smetana and Campbell (3, CNC); 5 mi W Forks, 14.V.1968, Smetana and Campbell (3, CNC); 6.5 mi N Sappho, 16.VII.1978, 365 m, L&N. Herman (1, CNC); 7 mi S Port Angeles, Sphagnum moss at water’s edge, 640 m, 14.VII.1975, A. Newton & M. Thayer (2, CNC); same except: 11.VIII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (4, CNC); 5 mi N Elwah Ranger Station, sifting moss and leaf litter along small stream, 12.VIII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (1, CNC); Jefferson Co.: Hoh Rainforest Ranger Station, 13.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (4, CNC); Pierce Co.: Mount Rainier National Park, end of West Line Road, 3.VIII.1973, 1127 m, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (11, CNC); Mount Rainier National Park, Larrupin Falls, 1097 m, 3.VIII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (2, CNC); Mount Rainier National Park, Nisqually River, 1219 m, 16.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (4, CNC); Mount Rainier National Park, Tahoma Creek, 730 m, 10.VII.1973, beaver ponds on creek, treading moss and grassy vegetation, A. & D. Smetana (9, CNC); Mount Rainier National Park, Van Trump Park Trail, 1645 m, 4.VIII.1979, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (1, CNC); Skamania Co.: Mount St. Helens, Spirit Lake, Bear Creek, 975 m, 6.VII.1974, A. & D. Smetana (1, CNC); Whatcom Co.: Mount Baker National Forest, Bagley Creek nr. Silver Creek Campground, 10.VII.1974, 609 m, A. & D. Smetana (1, CNC).

Diagnosis.

Iratiquedius seriatus can be distinguished from all other Iratiquedius except I. uncifer by a combination of: pronotum missing microsculpture on at least parts of the pronotum; elytra with serial punctation. From I. uncifer , it can be distinguished either by the rounded apices of the ventral paired sclerites of the internal sac, or the evenly convex disc of female tergite X.

Redescription.

Measurements ♂ (n = 5): HW/HL 1.06-1.11; PW/PL 1.00-1.03; EW/EL 1.22-1.26; ESut/PL 0.76-0.81; PW/HW 1.03-1.06; forebody length 2.3-2.6 mm.

Measurements ♀ (n = 5): HW/HL 1.07-1.10; PW/PL 1.01-1.04; EW/EL 1.22-1.27; ESut/PL 0.82-0.86; PW/HW 1.00-1.06; forebody length 2.4-2.9 mm.

Head dark brown; pronotum dark reddish brown, with sides often paler, red to reddish orange, some individuals with pronotum entirely pale reddish orange; elytra with metallic blue to greenish blue reflection, base, sides and apices often non-metallic, pale red to reddish orange; antennae yellowish brown, segments generally becoming darker toward the apex, segments usually with apices darker, antennomeres 6-11 often entirely dark brown; maxillary and labial palpi usually dark brown, sometimes brownish yellow with apical segment darker; legs brownish yellow, all femora, tarsi and metacoxae dark brown; abdominal tergites dark brown, sternites with broadly pale apices.

Head slightly transverse, appearing orbicular, temples extremely short, following outline of eye to neck; disc of head with sparse transverse waves, becoming vague meshes in places, frons with similar microsculpture but twice as dense; posterior frontal puncture located at posterior third of eye; interocular punctures absent; labrum short, transverse, forming two lobes; right mandible with single, simple tooth (Fig. 3D ); area between anterior frontal punctures with Y-shaped impression; antennomeres 1-4 or 1-5 distinctly elongate, 6 and 7 subquadrate, 8-10 subquadrate to transverse; pronotum roughly shield-shaped to subparallel-sided, about as long as wide to scarcely wider than long; disc with variable microsculpture that is always broken or missing on at least some parts, or disc entirely without microsculpture; microsculpture when present consisting of transverse waves, often becoming meshes on anterior angles; elytra moderately transverse, slightly to markedly dilated at apex, slightly longer at suture relative to pronotum in females; disc with only serial rows of macropunctures in sutural, two discal, and one lateral row, disc without microsculpture; epipleuron with fine, evenly distributed setae; abdominal tergites III-V with slight basal impression, tergites III-VII with discrete patches of sparse, golden setae in a larger basal pair and smaller pair posterolaterad of basal pair, patches often blending together, golden setae often appearing brownish if specimen is greasy or wet; punctation of tergites sparse, generally becoming less dense toward apex and middle of disc, tergite VI-VIII very sparsely punctate in apical half, punctures separated by many times their diameter; tergites with dense microsculpture of transverse waves; sternites without patches of golden setae.

Male. Sternite VIII with distinct, moderately deep and rounded emargination; tergite X triangular to elongate triangular, with apical row of setae on or slightly removed from the margin; sternite IX overall moderately narrow to strongly dilated at midlength, with short to moderately long asymmetrical basal part and wide, with moderately deep to shallow emargination; median lobe without teeth, in ventral view with expanded subapical part delineated by a pair of marginal ridges, narrowing to rounded apex that is obtuse to acute, with pair of inner ridges (Fig. 7A, B ); median lobe in lateral view strongly projected ventrad, slender to broadly triangular, ventral face evenly arcuate or with distinct bulges, apex sharp and narrow (Fig. 7D, E ); internal sac with paired ventral sclerites, shape most apparent when everted, in situ with only apices showing, apices narrow and rounded, narrow part variable in length and curvature, expanded to wide rounded basal part (Fig. 7H, I ); paramere about as long or slightly longer than median lobe, stout, subparallel to slightly converging apicad, with slightly to markedly emarginate, rounded apex, peg setae arranged in pair of longitudinal, slightly curved fields (Fig. 7L, M ).

Female. Tergite X elongate triangular, with apex nearly truncate and subrectangular to narrowly rounded, disc evenly convex, with row of marginal setae (Fig. 9D ).

Distribution.

Canada: BC. United States: CA, OR, WA.

Bionomics.

This species is strongly associated with water-soaked moss, especially growing along waterfalls and small, fast flowing creeks. Other specimens were collected in moss and other debris along the margins of forested marshes. Iratiquedius seriatus is known from a wide range of elevations ranging from near sea level (Stanley Park, BC) to 1828 m.

Comments.

Within I. seriatus , there is some variation in the length and curvature of the narrow, rounded end of the ventral paired sclerites within the internal sac (Fig. 7H-I ), which seems to be consistent within a collecting event. The species is also unusually variable in the microsculpture of the pronotum, and shapes of male tergite X, sternite IX and the median lobe. Sequencing of additional CO1 barcodes is underway to establish whether molecular clusters correspond with this variation. With the barcode data available thus far (including two full length), a single OTU was identified by the cluster analysis, with 2.29% within-cluster variation (Fig. 10 ). This OTU cluster also contained a half-length sequence of I. uncifer and a subcluster of entirely I. seriatus , with little divergence between the two. The paramere may be distinctly emarginate in some individuals (Fig. 7M ) but this is variable among co-collected specimens and is considered to be intraspecific variation.

Figures

Figure 2. A-H dorsal habitus of A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) A male holotype B female non-type C, D I. mutator (Smetana) C male non-type D female holotype E I. prostans (Horn) F I. seriatus (Horn) G Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) H P. marginicollis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 3. A-D dorsal head A, B showing confluence of inner eye margin and supra-antennal carina (arrow) E, F abdominal tergites A, D Iratiquedius seriatus (Horn) B Quedius (Raphirus) probus (Casey) C, E I. amabilis (Smetana) F I. prostans (Horn). Abbreviations: af = anterior frontal puncture; b = basal puncture; pf = posterior frontal puncture; sa = supra-antennal puncture. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-F).

Figure 7. A-K median lobe of aedeagus A-C in ventral view D-K in lateral view H, J internal sac partly everted, showing paired ventral sclerites I, K completely everted L-N underside of paramere showing peg setae A, B, D, E, H, I, L, M Iratiquedius seriatus (Horn) C, F, G, J, K, N I. uncifer sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 9. A-I female tergite X A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) B I. mutator (Smetana) C I. prostans (Horn) D I. seriatus (Horn), evenly convex E I. uncifer sp. nov., discal impression F Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) G P. marginicollis sp. nov. H-I Quediellus debilis (Horn). Pigmented area on tergite in E not shown for clarity but similar to I. seriatus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 10. Neighbor-joining trees of CO 1 barcode sequences for species of Iratiquedius, Paraquedius, and Quediellus, calculated under the Kimura- 2 model for pairwise distance. White circles indicate macropterous ' debilis' morphotypes of Q. debilis, all other Q. debilis are of brachypterous ' nanulus' morphotypes. Scale bar equivalent to 2 % divergence. Sequence length, including number of ambiguous base pairs (N's), is given at the end of each sample name.

Figure 11. Distributions of A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) (circles), I. mutator (Smetana) (squares) B I. prostans (Horn) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records) C I. seriatus (Horn) (circles), I. uncifer sp. nov. (squares) D Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) (circles), P. marginicollis sp. nov. (squares) E Quediellus debilis (Horn) (circles) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records).