Leslibetaeus, Anker & Poddoubtchenko & Wehrtmann, 2006

Anker, Arthur, Poddoubtchenko, Denis & Wehrtmann, Ingo S., 2006, Leslibetaeus coibita, n. gen., n. sp., a new alpheid shrimp from the Pacific coast of Panama (Crustacea: Decapoda), Zootaxa 1183, pp. 27-41 : 29-41

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.2645967
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2654718-677F-FFC9-723B-FCFD8EC8FE77
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Leslibetaeus
status	gen. nov.

Treatment

Leslibetaeus View in CoL , n. gen.

Body moderately stout. Frontal margin rounded, without rostrum and orbital teeth. Pterygostomial angle rounded, not protruding. Eyes partly concealed in dorsal and lateral view, visible in frontal view; cornea well developed. Antennular peduncle moderately slender; first segment without ventromesial tooth; lateral antennular flagellum with poorly developed secondary ramus. Antenna with basicerite robust; carpocerite short, reaching far beyond scaphocerite. Mouthparts typical for family; mandible with bisegmented palp and well developed molar and incisor processes. Third maxilliped pediform, lateral plate feebly developed, rounded; tip of ultimate segment with stout spines. Chelipeds enlarged, equal in size, symmetrical in shape, robust, carried extended; ischium with spines on dorsodistal margin; merus ventrally flattened; carpus very stout, cupshaped, with strong distal lobes, with two comblike rows of setae mesially; chela stout, inflated; palm smooth, linea impressa and adhesive discs absent; cutting edges of fingers with teeth, without snapping mechanism. Second pereiopod with fivesegmented carpus, second segment longest. Third pereiopod with ischium lacking spine; merus unarmed; carpus with distoventral spine; propodus with slender spines on ventral margin; dactylus simple. Sixth abdominal somite without articulated plate at posterolateral angle. Second pleopod with appendix interna and appendix masculina. Uropod with sympodite bearing subacute tooth; diaeresis with broad subacute tooth in midportion. Telson with two pairs of dorsal spines and two pairs of posterolateral spines, lateral much shorter and directed upwards; posterior margin reduced; anal tubercles absent. Gill/exopod formula: 5 pleurobranchs (P1–5); 1 arthrobranch (Mxp3); 0 podobranch; 2 lobeshaped epipods (Mxp1–2); 5 straplike epipods or mastigobranchs (Mxp3, P1–4); 5 setobranchs (P1–5); 3 exopods (Mxp1–3).

Type species. — Leslibetaeus coibita , n. sp., by monotypy and present designation.

Etymology. — We are more than pleased to dedicate this genus to our dear colleague and one of the collectors of this shrimp, Leslie Harris. The generic name is a combination of the collector’s first name, Leslie, and betaeus , referring to the superficial resemblance of the new genus to the alpheid genus Betaeus Dana, 1852 (see below). Gender masculine.

Remarks. — See below.

Leslibetaeus coibita , n. sp.

Material examined. — Holotype: LACM CR 2005 About LACM 013.2 About LACM , 1 female (CL 3.4 mm), Isla Coibita , on side facing Isla Coiba , north side of Smithsonian Tropical Research Instititute ( STRI) beach house, first small island connected by causeway, 7°38’80” N 81°42’159” W, Isla Coiba National Park, Pacific coast of Panama, extracted by hand/forceps from crevice of a shale rock, coll. L. Harris & I.S. Wehrtmann, 12 March 2005. Paratype: LACM CR 2005 About LACM 013.1 About LACM . 1 male (CL 3.2 mm), same data as for holotype [specimen poorly preserved, broken in two parts, most appendages dissected].

Description. — Body moderately elongated (Fig, 1), not particularly compressed. Carapace smooth, with very shallow, poorly defined grooves on flanks, without sutures, glabrous except for minute, scarce, erect setae; anterior portion somewhat inflated in lateral view ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ); pterygostomial angle rounded, not protruding ( Fig. 2b View FIGURE 2 ); branchiostegial margin with a few setae; cardiac notch well developed ( Fig. 2c View FIGURE 2 ); frontal margin of carapace broadly rounded ( Fig. 2a View FIGURE 2 ), rostrum and orbital teeth absent. Eyes partly concealed, anterior portion visible in dorsal and lateral view ( Fig. 2a, b View FIGURE 2 ), without tubercles or spines, cornea moderately developed. Ocellar beak not conspicuous. Epistomial sclerite without acute projection.

Antennular peduncle not particularly stout, moderately elongated, slender ( Fig. 2a View FIGURE 2 ); first segment with stylocerite somewhat apressed, reaching distal margin of first segment, distally subacute ( Fig. 2a, d View FIGURE 2 ), ventromesial carina unarmed ( Fig. 2d, e View FIGURE 2 ), dorsomesial surface proximal to eye with one–two small spines ( Fig. 2a, e View FIGURE 2 ); second segment subequal to visible portion of first segment, much longer than third segment; lateral flagellum with secondary ramus reduced to a small knob with one (male) or two (female) tufts of aesthetascs, latter longer and more numerous developed in female ( Fig. 2b, d, e View FIGURE 2 ), proximal fused portion composed of fivesix segments. Antenna with basicerite relatively stout, armed with strong ventrolateral tooth ( Figs. 2b View FIGURE 2 , 3b View FIGURE 3 ); scaphocerite subrectangular, short, reaching only slightly beyond half length of carpocerite, anterior margin of blade convex, not extending beyond distolateral tooth ( Figs. 2a View FIGURE 2 , 3b View FIGURE 3 ); carpocerite robust, elongated ( Fig. 3a View FIGURE 3 ); tubercle of antennal gland not protruding.

Mouthparts typical for family. Mandible with bisegmented palp; molar process slightly broadened distally ( Fig. 3c View FIGURE 3 ); incisor process distally with fivesix subtriangular teeth ( Fig. 3d, e View FIGURE 3 ). Maxillule with palp bilobed, dorsal lobe with one seta, ventral lobe with several setae ( Fig. 3f View FIGURE 3 ). Maxilla with scaphognathite narrow ( Fig. 3g View FIGURE 3 ); endopod small, not segmented; dorsal endite not deeply notched ( Fig. 3g View FIGURE 3 ); ventral endite with elongated setae. First maxilliped with caridean lobe on exopod narrow, with a few setae ( Fig. 3h View FIGURE 3 ); endopod not segmented, with elongated setae distally; epipod relatively small, oval to subtriangular. Second maxilliped with small ovalrounded epipod ( Fig. 3i View FIGURE 3 ); endopod without specific features; exopod somewhat broadened proximally. Third maxilliped pediform, elongated but stout ( Fig. 3j View FIGURE 3 ); coxa with lateral plate feebly developed, earshaped, without acute projections ( Fig. 3l, m View FIGURE 3 ), mesial surface with row of spinules ( Fig. 3m View FIGURE 3 ); antepenultimate segment somewhat broadened, triangular in cross section; penultimate segment about twice as long as wide ( Fig. 3j View FIGURE 3 ); ultimate segment tapering distally, dorsal margin with short spines or spiniform setae, tip with two stout subterminal spines and one stout terminal spine ( Fig. 3k View FIGURE 3 ); exopod reaching 3/4 length of antepenultimate segment ( Fig. 3j View FIGURE 3 ); arthrobranch well developed.

Chelipeds equal in size, symmetrical in shape, carried extended, robust ( Fig. 4a, b View FIGURE 4 ); coxa robust, with row of spinules ventromesially ( Fig. 4h View FIGURE 4 ); basis small, with tuft of stiff setae mesially; ischium very stout, dorsal margin distally produced and furnished with twothree stout spines ( Fig. 4c, h, i View FIGURE 4 ); merus stout, flattened ventrally, distolateral margin with rounded lobe; carpus very stout, cupshaped, distal margin with several rounded lobes one dorsolateral, one dorsomesial and one, particularly developed, ventral lobe, latter partially embracing palm ( Fig. 4a, b, d, e, h View FIGURE 4 ); mesial face with two comblike rows of setae ( Fig. 4d, g View FIGURE 4 ); chela relatively short, inflated; palm smooth, linea impressa and adhesive discs absent; fingers stout, slightly more than half length of palm ( Fig. 4e View FIGURE 4 , g–j), slightly gaping when closed; cutting edge of dactylus unarmed, with hiatus anterior to midportion ( Fig. 4e View FIGURE 4 , h–j); cutting edge of pollex armed with blunt tooth opposed to hiatus, and with one minute subdistal tooth ( Fig. 4h, i View FIGURE 4 ); snapping mechanism absent; finger tips simple, crossing when chela closed ( Fig. 4e, h View FIGURE 4 ); finger armature similar on right and left chelae ( Fig. 4e, h View FIGURE 4 ).

Second pereiopod slender; ischium subequal to merus; carpus with five segments, second longest, segment length ratio approximately equal to 1: 1.5: 1.2: 0.8: 1 ( Fig. 3n View FIGURE 3 ); chela simple, fingers slightly shorter than palm, with tufts of setae. Third pereiopod with all endopodal articles strongly compressed; ischium without ventrolateral spine, with row of stiff setae ventrally ( Fig. 3o View FIGURE 3 ); merus broadened, dorsal and ventral margins slightly convex, unarmed; carpus distinctly shorter and narrower than merus, with stiff seta ventrodistally ( Fig. 3o View FIGURE 3 ); propodus subequal in length and width to carpus, with about six slender spines on ventral margin and pair of stouter distoventral spines adjacent to dactylus ( Fig. 3o View FIGURE 3 ); dactylus simple, moderately slender, slightly curved, about 1/3 length of propodus, furnished with setae ( Fig. 3o View FIGURE 3 ). Fourth pereiopod similar to third, but distinctly more slender ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Fifth pereiopod unknown (missing on both sides in holotype and paratype).

Abdominal somites I–V with posterolateral angles of pleura rounded ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ); sixth somite rounded posteriorly and without distinct articulated plate at ventroposterior angle ( Fig. 2f View FIGURE 2 ); preanal plate slightly projecting posteriorly, subrectangular ( Fig. 2i View FIGURE 2 ). First pleopod with endopod less than half length of exopod, oval, fringed with setae ( Fig. 3p View FIGURE 3 ). Male second pleopod with appendix masculina short, slightly longer than appendix interna, with threefour slender setae on apex and three setae along mesial margin ( Fig. 3q, r View FIGURE 3 ); female second pleopod with appendix interna only. Uropods slightly exceeding telson ( Fig. 2f View FIGURE 2 ); lateral lobe of sympodite distally acute ( Fig. 2g View FIGURE 2 ); endopod and exopod subequal in length; exopod with diaeresis bearing three teeth one small triangular tooth near distolateral spine, one broad subacute tooth in midportion and one broadly rounded tooth closer to mesial margin ( Fig. 2g View FIGURE 2 ); distolateral spine relatively small but robust ( Fig. 2g View FIGURE 2 ). Telson broad, tapering distally, subtriangular, about 1.5 times as long as wide proximally, with lateral margins convex ( Fig. 2h View FIGURE 2 ); proximal width about five times width of posterior margin; dorsal surface with two pairs of small spines situated at some distance from lateral margin, one pair at midlength, another pair at distal 1/3 of telson length ( Fig. 2h View FIGURE 2 ); posterior margin reduced, straight, with two pairs of posterolateral spines, lateral much shorter than mesial and directed upwards ( Fig. 2f, h View FIGURE 2 ), median portion between mesial spines with two long, nonplumose setae and two shorter setae departing obliquely (missing in one specimen); anal tubercles absent ( Fig. 2i View FIGURE 2 ). Gill/exopod formula as given for genus.

Colour. — Semitranslucent with grey tinge; anterolateral and posterolateral portions of carapace, lateral portions of the first five abdominal somites, antennular peduncle and basicerite of antenna with bright red chromatophores; chelae hyaline whitish; cornea brown; ovaries bright yellow ( Fig 5 View FIGURE 5 ).

Size. — Small sized alpheid, with CL ranging from 3.2 mm in male to 3.4 mm in female, latter with TL of 9.1 mm.

Etymology. — The name of the new species refers to the type locality, Coibita, a small island off Isla Ranchería in the Isla Coiba National Park. Coibita is here used as a noun in apposition.

Ecology. — The holotype specimens of Leslibetaeus coibita , n. gen., n. sp. were collected at low tide on the rocky midintertidal ( Fig 6 View FIGURE 6 ), from crevices of a large shale rock. It is noteworthy that the bedrock and most loose rocks in the area were basaltic (L. Harris, pers. comm.).

Distribution. — Presently known only from the type locality: Isla Coibita, Isla Coiba National Park, Golfo de Chiriqui, Pacific coast of Panama.

Remarks. — Leslibetaeus , n. gen. is defined by the combination of several features: the frontal margin of the carapace without orbital teeth and distinct rostrum; the incomplete orbital hoods, only partially concealing the eyes; the sixth abdominal somite without articulated plate; the symmetrical stout chelipeds, with ischium bearing spines dorsally, carpus distally strongly lobed and bearing two comblike rows of setae mesially, and short, smooth chela, without snapping mechanism on the finger cutting edges; the carpus of the second pereiopod fivesegmented, with second segment distinctly longer than first; the ischium and merus of the third pereiopod without spines, ischium with a row of setae ventrally; the first segment of the antennular peduncle without tooth on the ventromesial carina; the scaphocerite being only half as long as carpocerite; the tip of the third maxilliped with stout spines; and the straplike epipods present on the third maxilliped and the first to fifth pereiopod.

The characters of the frontal region, chelipeds and walking legs suggest that Leslibetaeus , n. gen. is not closely related to any described alpheid genus. The symmetrical chelipeds, without snapping mechanism on the chela fingers, and with rows of setae on the mesial side of the carpus, as well as the imperfect orbital hoods, suggest that Leslibetaeus , n. gen. is probably a relatively basal genus. Five other alpheid genera are characterized by the equal and symmetrical chelipeds, with setae arranged in two or more rows on the mesial face of the cheliped carpus: Yagerocaris Kensley, 1988 ; Potamalpheops Powell, 1979 ; Stenalpheops Miya, 1997 ; Coutieralpheus Anker and Felder 2005 ; and Jengalpheops Anker & Dworschak , in press. However, all these genera differ from Leslibetaeus , n. gen. in many other aspects, e.g., the presence of spines on the ischium/merus of the third and fourth pereiopod; the presence of a well developed rostrum ( Yagerocaris , Potamalpheops , Coutieralpheus ); and the sixth abdominal somite with an articulated plate (all but Yagerocaris ) (cf. Kensley, 1988; Powell, 1979; Hobbs, 1983; Miya, 1997; Anker & Felder, 2005; Anker & Dworschak, in press). Therefore, they do not have close affinities with Leslibetaeus , n. gen.

Leslibetaeus View in CoL , n. gen. shares with Betaeus Dana, 1852 View in CoL and Orygmalpheus De Grave and Anker, 2000 View in CoL the symmetrical (or subsymmetrical) chelipeds, and the frontal margin devoid of rostrum and orbital hoods, but differs from those genera in the position of the dactylus on the chela, and in the features on the third maxilliped, third and second pereiopods, sixth abdominal somite etc. (cf. Hart, 1964; De Grave & Anker, 2000). Despite a very superficial resemblance (symmetrical chelipeds carried extended and frontal margin without rostrum and orbital teeth) between Betaeus View in CoL and Leslibetaeus View in CoL , n. gen., these two genera are not closely related. Leslibetaeus View in CoL , n. gen. also has common features with Metabetaeus Borradaile, 1898 View in CoL and Thuylamea Xuan, 2001 View in CoL , e.g., the symmetrical chelipeds and the absence of an articulated plate on the sixth abdominal somite, but differs greatly from those genera in the cheliped shape and the configuration of the frontal margin (cf. Banner & Banner, 1960; Xuan, 2001). A close relationship between Leslibetaeus View in CoL , n. gen. and Automate De Man, 1888 View in CoL , Alpheopsis Coutière, 1896 View in CoL or any other genus present in the eastern Pacific is also unlikely. Thus the phylogenetic affinities of Leslibetaeus View in CoL , n. gen. are rather enigmatic. The finding of a completely new taxon in a relatively accessible habitat indicates a potentially high biodiversity of the Isla Coiba National Park, which remains to be explored.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Leslie Harris (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, USA), who contributed in the collection of the present material. ISW is grateful to Dr. Peter W. Glynn (University of Miami, The Rosenstiel School, USA) who invited him to participate in his project activities (March 2005) in Panama. The present study was supported by Dr. Nancy Knowlton (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, USA) in form of a Smithsonian Institution’s postdoctoral fellowship to the first author (AA), and was accomplished in the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution (STRI) facilities at Naos laboratory in Panama City, Republic of Panama. We also thank two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions and remarks improved the quality of the manuscript.

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