Enicospilus intermedius, Johansson, 2018

Johansson, Niklas, 2018, Review of the Swedish Enicospilus (Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae; Ophioninae) with description of three new species and an illustrated key to species, European Journal of Taxonomy 483, pp. 1-21 : 9-12

Enicospilus intermedius sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:08FEDAED-6F73-4BE9-BFEA-74EBD882B0E1 Figs 8 , 9 A–C, 10

Diagnosis

Enicospilus intermedius sp. nov. ( Fig. 8 ) is superficially similar to E. myricae Broad & Shaw, 2016 , but it is separated from that species by the larger size, the more numerous flagellomeres and the wider head in frontal view. Also very similar to E. adustus but with face wider and head more buccate behind the eyes. The face is usually entirely testaceous without yellowish areas. The only barcoded specimen shows very little genetic differentiation from E. cederbergi sp. nov. ( Fig. 10 ) and the two species share the same BIN. Besides the differences in colour between typical specimens, the two species are distinguishable by the shape and number of the flagellomeres.

Etymology

The species is morphologically intermediate in relation to E. adustus and E. myricae .

Material examined (n = 14 ♀♀, 3 ƋƋ)

Holotype

SWEDEN: 1 ♀, Gotland, Kräklingbo, Torsburgen , 57.412° N, 18.726° E, MV-light in semi-open, herb rich, scots pine forest, 20 Jul. 2017, J. Törnvall leg. ( NHRS-HEVA000008162 STI: NJBC273 ).

Paratypes

SWEDEN: 1 ♀, Uppland, Rådmansö, Bergholmen, 59.750° N, 18.953° E, MV-light trap, 29 Jul.– 18 Sep. 2017, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008163); 1 ♀, Gästrikland, Gävle, Grinduga, 60.638° N, 17.294° E, MV-light trap, 9–16 Jul. 2013, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008164); 1 Ƌ, 2 ♀♀, Uppland, Rådmansö, Bergholmen, 59.750° N, 18.953° E, MVlight trap, 18 Jun.–28 Jul. 2017, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008165–NHRS- HEVA000008167); 1 ♀, Gotland, Visby, Roleks, 57.572° N, 18.381° E, Malaise trap in semi-open, grazed scots pine forest, 10 Apr.–06 Jun. 2005, SMTP leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008168); 1 ♀, Sörmland, Huddinge, Sofielunds återvinningsstation, 59.187° N, 18.028° E, Malaise trap in industrial area, 16 Jun.– 2 Jul. 2003, SMTP leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008169); 1 ♀, Gotland, Romakloster, Stenstugu Björke, 57.514° N, 18.428° E, MV-light, 17–24 Jul. 2017, J. Törnvall leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008170); 1 ♀, Gotland, Hamra, Suders, 56.940° N, 18.303° E, MV-light trap, 21 Apr.–25 May 2007, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008171).

Description

Female

Body length 19–21 mm. Fore wing length 15–16 mm. Number of flagellomeres 62–66 (mean 64). Mandible strongly twisted with upper tooth about two times as long as lower tooth. First flagellomere slender, about 4.5–5.0 times as long as apically wide. Mid- and preapical flagellomeres about 1.7 times as long as wide, shape of flagellomeres similar to E. adustus . Head in dorsal view usually with small gap of about 0.1 times ocellar diameter between inner orbit of compound eye and lateral ocellus, distinctly narrower than in E. myricae . Ocelli larger than in E. myricae . Temples buccate, in dorsal view curved, rounded immediately behind eye, distinctly wider than in E. adustus and in lateral view about 0.7 times width of compound eye ( Fig. 9C ). Occipital carina conspicuously curved before indicated junction with hypostomal carina. Indicated angle between occipital carina and hypostomal carina slightly acute or right angled (as in Fig. 6A ). Clypeus apically truncate, moderately convex, in lateral view almost right angled, sparsely punctate, interstices shining. Mesopleuron closely punctate on a polished background, centrally becoming more rugose, intermixed with transverse striae. Epicnemial carina ventrally complete, sinuate, often indistinct or absent dorsally well before indicated joint with propleuron. Mesoscutum with notauli weakly indicated anteriorly, entirely closely punctate. Scutellum with lateral carinae, its surface with dense punctures, punctures larger than on mesoscutum. Sclerites in fore wing identical to E. adustus ( Fig. 4D ) and E. myricae . Proximal sclerite entirely pigmented, approximately triangular with rounded anterior angle, central sclerite semi-circular, pigmented distally, fading to unpigmented proximally. Distal sclerite quite strong and elongate. Fore wing veins and pterostigma testaceous. Propodeum with anterior transverse carina strong, anterior of the carina rather densely punctate, posterior entirely reticulate-rugose often with faint longitudinal striae centrally. Legs of same proportions as in E. adustus .

Male

Size, structure and colour as in female. Antenna with slightly more numerous flagellomeres than in the female (65–67). Parameres long, in lateral view reminiscent of E. adustus (as in Fig. 7B ). Based on the limited material of males and the fact that the parameres are often slightly deformed due to storage and chemical treatment, no detailed description can be made of the shape of the genitalia at this stage.

Colour

Uniformly testaceous. Inner and outer orbits usually only slightly paler than face (one male from Croatia with the undulation of the inner margin of compound eye and outer margin yellow); mandibular teeth black. Apical metasomal segments sometimes slightly infuscate. Ovipositor sheath usually darker than apical metasomal segments. Antennae slightly darker in apical half, but not as distinct as in typical specimens of E. myricae .

DNA barcode

The full DNA barcode sequence of one Swedish ♀ of E. intermedius sp. nov. is available at the BOLD systems database (www.boldsystems.org, BIN; BOLD:AAI5191).

Distribution

Enicospilus intermedius sp. nov. is only known from the eastern parts of Central Sweden, including Gotland (Södermanland, Uppland, Gästrikland, Gotland), and Croatia (Sibensko Kninska).

Phenology

The dates on the labels of the type series range from late May to August. The main flight period is probably during June and July. In Southern Europe the species seems to be active during April and May.

Ecology

No detailed information on the biology of E. intermedius sp. nov. is known. The habitat in Sweden seems to mainly consist of semi-open xerothermic pine forests.

Figures

Fig. 8. Enicospilus intermedius sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008154), habitus, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 9. Head, anterior and lateral view. A–C. Enicospilus intermedius sp. nov., paratypes, ♀♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008171, NHRS-HEVA000008166). D–F. E. myricae Broad & Shaw, 2016, ♀♀. G–I. E. adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀♀.

Fig. 10. Relationships among Swedish species of the genus Enicospilus according to their DNAbarcodes. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed on the basis of Kimura 2-parameter distances. All samples are from Sweden. The scale line indicates 1% sequence divergence.

Fig. 6. Occipital carina, postero-ventral view. A. Enicospilus adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀. B. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008149).

Fig. 4. Central part of fore wing. A. Enicospilus combustus (Gravenhorst, 1829), ♀. B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008146). C. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008173). D. E. adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀.

Fig. 7. Posterior metasomal segments and male parameres in lateral view. A. Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, Ƌ (MZLU Type no. 06123:10). B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, Ƌ (NHRS- HEVA000008154).