Bolivaridia revillagigedo, Bu, Yun & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2012

Bu, Yun & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2012, Two new species of Bolivaridia (Protura: Berberentulidae) from Mexico, Zootaxa 3517, pp. 53-62 : 54-61

Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov.

Figs. 1–28 , Table 1

Material examined. Holotype, female (No. 1) collected in tropical forest of Socorro Island, Revillagigedo Archipelago, Colima State, Mexico, 18°47' N 110°58' W, 700 m elev., 16 October 1977, J. G. Palacios-Vargas. Paratype, coll. 1 female (No. 8), collected in the litter samples close to a bridge from Padre Island, Texas, USA, 26°50' N 97°22' W, at sea level, 14. January 2008, J. G. Palacios-Vargas, coll. The holotype is deposited in the Shanghai Entomological Museum (SEM), paratype is kept at LESM.

Description. Adult body length 1050–1080 µm (n=2). Head elliptic, length 90–95 µm, width 75–78 µm. Setae sd4 and sd5 short and sensilliform, additional seta absent. Single median pore fp present ( Fig. 1 ). Pseudoculus length 8 µm, PR= 10.6–11.9 ( Fig. 2 ). Canal of maxillary gland with heart-shaped calyx, with one cylindrical protuberance slightly anterior to calyx, posterior end slightly swollen and bilobed. Length of posterior part of maxillary gland 13–15 µm, CF=6.3–7.1 ( Fig. 3 ). Maxillary palpus with filiform dorsal sensillum and tapering lateral sensillum ( Fig. 4 ). Labial palpus reduced, with three setae and one leaf-shaped sensillum ( Fig. 5 ).

Thoracic chaetotaxy formula as shown in Table 1 . Mesonotum with two pairs of anterior setae (A2 and A4) and eight pairs of posterior setae, with P1a and P2a short and pin-shaped, P5a minute ( Fig. 6 ). Length ratio of P1: P1a: P2 on mesonotum as 8.5:1:11.5. On metanotum, P1a and P2a short sensilliform, P5a minute ( Fig. 7 ). Pronotum without pores, meso- and metanota with pores sl and l ( Figs. 6, 7 ). Prosternum without pores, mesosternum and metasternum each with single median pore situated anterior to level of setae M. All setae on prosternum setiform, A2 on meso- and metasternum sensilliform ( Figs. 8, 9 ).

Foretarsal length 67–78 µm, claw length 13–15 µm, TR =3.7– 4.7; empodium length 5 µm, EU=0.23–0.28. Dorsal sensillum t1 claviform, t2 slender and long, t3 willow-leaf shaped, BS=0.47–0.56. Exterior sensillum a broad, its apex reaching base of e; sensillum b slender and reaching base of f, and posterior to level of c and d; sensilla c and d slender with c slightly longer than d, e broad at base and reaching base of claw, f slender and reaching base of claw, g broad at base and its apex surpassing base of claw. Interior sensillum a' thick and swordshaped, b' absent, and c' slender and reaching base of claw ( Figs. 11, 12 ). Relative length of sensilla: t3 <t1 <a' <c' <t2= d= g <b = c= f <a <e. Two pores close to sensillum a and t3 present. Length of middle tarsus 30–40 µm, claw length 12–13 µm. Length of hind tarsus 35–45 µm, claw length 15 µm.

Abdominal chaetotaxy as shown in Table 1 . P1a and P2a on tergite I sensilliform ( Fig. 10 ). Tergites II–VI with anterior central seta Ac, paired setae A2 and A5, and eight pairs of posterior setae, with P3 anterior to level of P1–P2; P1a, P2a and P4a sensilliform ( Figs. 13–15 ). Tergite VII with two pairs of anterior setae (A4 and A5) and eight pairs of porterior setae; P1a, P2a and P4a setiform ( Fig. 16 ). Tergite I with pores psm ( Fig. 10 ). tergites II–VI with pores psm and al, tergite VII with pores psm, psl and al ( Figs. 13–16 ). Sternites I–IV without pores, V–VI each with one pair of anterior pores and one pair of anteromembranal pores (amp), sternite VII with single posterior pore situated on left or right side. Seta P2 on sternites II–III sensilliform. Seta P1a on sternites IV–VI sensilliform, on sternite VII setiform. Some lines of sternites IV–VII with short teeth ( Figs. 22–26 ).

Abdominal appendages with 2, 1, 1 segments and 4, 1, 1 setae ( Figs. 17, 18 ); two glands and two pores present on abdominal appendage I ( Fig. 17 ). Striate band on abdominal segment VIII reduced, with very short teeth extending anteriorly from hind margin ( Fig. 19 ). Gland cover (comb) on abdomen VIII rectangular, with six distinct teeth ( Fig. 20 ).

Tergite VIII with two pairs of anterior setae (A2 and A5) and with pores psm. Sternite VIII with two pairs of setae, without pores. Tergites and sternites IX–XI without pores. Tergite XI with two pairs of setae. Abdominal segment XII with single median pore on the tergite and with 1+1 anterolateral pores on the sternite ( Figs. 27, 28 ). Female squama genitalis with pointed acrostyli ( Fig. 21 ).

Etymology. The specific name is derived from Revillagigedo Archipelago where the holotype was collected. It is used as a noun in apposition.

Distribution. Mexico (Socorro Island, Colima) and USA (Padre Island, Texas).

Diagnosis. Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. is characterized by long sensilla a and e on foretarsus, sensillum b situated posterior to level c and d, willow-leaf shaped t-3, presence of Ac setae on tergites I–VI, presence of A5 seta on tergite I, tergite XI with 4 setae, and six distinct teeth on comb.

Remarks. This new species is similar to B. perissochaeta Bonet, 1942 and B. somalicum Yin and Dallai, 1985 in the length of foretarsal sensilla a and e, which are broad and long. It differs from B. perissochaeta in having Ac on tergite I (lacking in B. perissochaeta ), absence of P3a setae on tergite VII (present in B. perissochaeta , see Tuxen & Imadaté 1974), and six teeth on the comb of tergite VIII (10–12 teeth in B. perissochaeta ). From B. somalicum the new species differs in having 4 setae on tergite XI (6 in B. somalicum ), presence of seta A5 on tergite I (absent in B. somalicum ), and the striate band on abdominal segment VIII (very short striae in B. revillagigedo sp. nov., long striae in B. somalicum ).

Material examined. Holotype, female (No. 2) collected in soil samples from watershed, Chamela, Jalisco State, Mexico, 19°30' N 105°03' W, elev. 150 m, 12 January 1992, J. G. Palacios-Vargas, coll. Paratype, 1 female (No. 3), same data as holotype. Other material: 1 female (No. 18), from litter sample near cave Xtacumbilxunaan, Bolonchén, Hopelchén, Campeche State, Mexico, 20°00' N 89°51' W, 160 m elev., 20 March 1997, J. G. Palacios- Vargas, coll. Holotype and paratype are deposited in SEM; the other specimen is kept at LESM.

Description. Adult body length 900–950 µm (n=2). Head elliptic, length 90–100 µm, width 75–78 µm. Setae sd4 and sd5 sensilliform, sd5 long, additional seta absent. Single median pore fp present ( Fig. 29 ). Pseudoculus length 8 µm, PR= 10.2–12.5 ( Fig. 30 ). Canal of maxillary gland with heart-shaped calyx, with cruciform protuberance anterior to calyx, posterior end slightly swollen and bilobed. Length of posterior arm of maxillary gland 12 µm, CF=7.5–8.3 ( Fig. 31 ). Maxillary palpus with slender dorsal sensillum and tapering lateral sensillum ( Fig. 32 ). Labial palpus reduced, with three setae and one broad leaf-shaped sensillum ( Fig. 33 ).

Thoracic chaetotaxy formula identical to that of Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. ( Table 1 ). Mesonotum with two pairs of anterior setae (A2 and A4) and eight pairs of posterior setae, with P1a and P2a short and pin-shaped, P5a minute ( Fig. 34 ). Length ratio of P1: P1a: P2 on mesonotum as 7:1:12. On metanotum, sensilla P1a and P2a short and sensilliform, P5a minute ( Fig. 35 ). Pronotum without pores, meso- and metanota with pores sl and l ( Figs. 34, 35 ). Prosternum without pores, mesosternum and metasternum each with single median pore anterior to level of setae M. All setae on prosternum setiform, A2 on meso- and metasterna sensilliform.

Foretarsal length 66–70 µm, claw length 15–18 µm, TR =3.7–3.9; empodium length 5 µm, EU=0.25–0.28. Dorsal sensillum t1 claviform, t2 slender and long, t3 broad-leaf shaped, BS=0.45–0.53. Exterior sensillum a broad, with its apex reaching base of f, b broad at base and surpassing base of f, sensilla c and d slender, c slightly longer than d, sensillum e broad at base and surpassing base of claw, sensillum f slender and surpassing base of claw, sensillum g slender and reaching base of claw. Interior sensillum a' thick and sword-shaped, b' absent, c' slender, its apex not reaching base of claw ( Figs. 36, 37 ). Relative length of sensilla: t3 <t1 <d <g = a' = c' <b <t2 <f <c <a <e. Two pores close to sensilla a and t-3 present. Length of middle tarsus 30–33µm, claw length 13–14 µm. Length of hind tarsus 35–36 µm, claw length 15 µm.

Abdominal chaetotaxy identical to that of Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. ( Table 1 ). P1a and P2a on tergite I sensilliform ( Fig. 38 ). Tergites II–VI with five anterior setae (Ac, A2, A5), and eight pairs of posterior setae, with P3 anterior to level of P1–P2; P1a, P2a and P4a sensilliform ( Figs. 39, 40 ). Tergite VII with two pairs of anterior setae (A4, A5) and eight pairs of posterior setae; P1a, P2a and P4a setiform ( Fig. 41 ). Tergite I with pores psm ( Fig. 38 ). Tergites II–VI with pores psm and al, VII with pores psm, psl and al ( Figs. 39–41 ). Sternites I–IV without pores, V–VI each with one pair of anterior pores and one pair of amp, VII with single posterior pore situated on left or right side ( Figs. 42–46 ). P2 on sternites II–III sensilliform. P1a on sternites IV–VI sensilliform ( Figs. 42–45 ), on sternite VII setiform ( Fig. 46 ). Some lines of sternites IV–VII with short teeth.

Striate band on abdominal segment VIII reduced, with short teeth extending anteriorly from hind margin and several arched, broken lines present in medial region ( Fig. 47 ). Gland cover (comb) on abdomen VIII narrow, rectangular, with 11 short teeth ( Fig. 48 ). Abdominal appendages with 2, 1, 1 segments and 4, 1, 1 setae ( Figs. 50–52 ), two glands and two pores present on abdominal appendage I ( Fig. 50 ).

Tergite VIII with two pairs of anterior setae (A2 and A5) and pores psm. Sternite VIII with two pairs of setae, without pores. Tergites and sternites IX–XI without pores. Tergite XI with two pairs of setae. Tergite XII with single median pore and with 1+1 anterolateral pores on the sternite ( Figs. 53, 54 ). Female squama genitalis with short pointed acrostyli ( Fig. 49 ).

Etymology. The name is locative, from Chamela where the holotype was collected.

Distribution. Mexico (Chamela, Jalisco State; Xtacumbilxunaan, Campeche State).

Diagnosis. Bolivaridia chamelana sp. nov. is characterized by long sensilla a and e on foretarsus; sensilla b, c and d all inserted at about the same level; broad, leaf shaped t3; presence of Ac setae on tergites I–VI; presence of A5 seta on tergite I; tergite XI with 4 setae; and 11 teeth on comb.

Remarks. This new species is similar to Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. in chaetotaxy, but can be easily distinguished by the number of teeth on the comb of tergite VIII (11 teeth in B. chamelana sp. nov., 6 teeth in B. revillagigedo sp. nov.); by the shape of sensillum t3 (broad-leaf shaped in B. chamelana sp. nov. vs. willow-leaf shaped in B. revillagiged sp. nov.), and by the position of sensillum b on foretarsus (same level to c and d in B. chamelana sp. nov. vs. posterior to level of c and d in B. revillagigedo sp. nov.). The six species of genus Bolivaridia can be distinguished by following key.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. Holotype. 1) Head, dorsal view. 2) Pseudoculus. 3) Canal of maxillary gland. 4) Maxillary palpus. 5) Labial palpus. 6) Pronotum and mesonotum, right side. 7) Metanotum, right side. 8) Prosternum. 9) Mesosternum. 10) Tergite I, right side. Arrows show pores. Scale bars: Figs. 2 – 5, 10 μm; others 20 μm.

FIGURES 11 – 21. Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. Holotype. 11) Foretarsus, exterior view. 12) Foretarsus, interior view. 13) Tergite IV, right side. 14) Tergite V, right side. 15) Tergite VI, right side. 16) Tergite VII, right side. 17) Abdominal appendage I. 18) Abdominal appendage II. 19) Striate band. 20) Comb on abdominal segment VIII. 21) Female squama genitalis. Arrows show pores. Scale bars: 20 μm.

FIGURES 22 – 28. Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. Holotype. 22) Sternite IV. 23) Sternite V. 24) Sternite VI. 25) Part of laterotergite and sternite of abdominal segment VI. 26) Laterotergite and sternite VII. 27) Tergites VIII – XII. 28) Sternites VIII – XII. Arrows show pores. Scale bars: 20 μm.

FIGURES 29 – 40. Bolivaridia chamelana sp. nov. Holotype. 29) Head, dorsal view. 30) Pseudoculus. 31) Canal of maxillary gland. 32) Maxillary palpus. 33) Labial palpus. 34) Pronotum and mesonotum, right side. 35) Metanotum, right side. 36) Foretarsus, exterior view. 37) Foretarsus, interior view. 38) Tergite I, left side. 39) Tergite V, right side. 40) Tergite IV, right side. Arrows show pores. Scale bars: 30 – 33, 10 μm; others 20 μm.

FIGURES 41 – 54. Bolivaridia chamelana sp. nov. Holotype. 41) Tergite VII, right side. 42) Sternite IV. 43) Part of laterotergite and sternite of abdominal segment V. 44) Sternite V. 45) Sternite VI. 46) Sternite VII. 47) Striate band. 48) Comb on abdominal segment VIII. 49) Female squama genitalis. 50) Abdominal appendage I. 51) Abdominal appendage II. 52) Abdominal appendage III. 53) Tergites VIII – XII. 54) Sternites VIII – XII. Arrows show pores. Scale bars: 20 μm.

Tables

TABLE 1. Adult chaetotaxy of Bolivaridia revillagigedo sp. nov. and B. chamelana sp. nov.

Dorsal Segment Formula	Composition	Ventral Formula Composition
Thorax I 4	1,2	(4–4)/6 A1,2,M1,2 P1,2,3
II 6/16	A2,4,M P1,1a,2,2a,3,4,5,5a	(7–2)/4 Ac,2,3,4,M P1,2
III 6/16	A2,4,M P1,1a,2,2a,3,4,5,5a	(7–2)/4 Ac,2,3,4,M P1,2
Abdomen I 5/12	Ac,2,5 P1,1a,2,2a,3,4	3/2 Ac,2 P1
II–III 5/16	Ac,2,5 P1,1a,2,2a,3,4,4a,5	3/5 Ac,2 Pc,2,3
IV–VI 5/16	Ac,2,5 P1,1a,2,2a,3,4,4a,5	3/8 Ac,2 P1,1a,2,3
VII 4/16	A4,5 P1,1a,2,2a,3,4,4a,5	3/8 Ac,2 P1,1a,2,3
VIII 4/15	A4,5 Mc,2,3,4,P2,3,4,5	4 1,2
IX 12	1,1a,2,2a,3,4	4 1,2
X 12	1,1a,2,2a,3,4	4 1,2
XI 4	3,4	6 1,2,3
XII 9		6
Bolivaridia chamelana sp. nov. Figs. 29–54