Parosus major, Makranczy & H-, 2014

Makranczy, György, 2014, Review of the genus Parosus Sharp, 1887 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae), Revue suisse de Zoologie 121 (1), pp. 77-133 : 112-114

Parosus major sp. nov. Figs 38, 51, 85-87, 94

TYPEMATERIAL: HOLOTYPE (3), “ PERU: CuzcoDept., Pillahuata , Manurd., km. 128 [13°09.5'S, 71°35.5'W], 25-IX-1982, [leg.] L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-291), leaf litter” ( FMNH) . – PARATYPES (72), PERU: CuzcoDept., Pillahuata , Manurd., km. 128, 16.IX.1982, leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-241), exlitterundergrassclumps ( SMNS, 1), samebutleg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-233) ( FMNH, 1), samebut 18.IX.1982, leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-256), exlitterindrystreambed ( NHMW, 1), samebut 19.IX.1982, leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-262), exleaf litter near falls ( USNM, 1), same but leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-264), ex leaf litter after rain ( CNCI, 1), same but 20.IX.1982, leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82- 266), ex litter in mossy forest ( AMNH, 1), same but leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-269), exlitterinmossyforest ( HNHM, 1), samebut 22.IX.1982, leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek, Laboulbeniales n. 3154 Walter Rossi, from FMNH via Gy. Makranczy, Sep. 2007 ( FMNH, 1), samebut 27.IX.1982, leg. L. E. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMHD #82-310), exlitter in runoff in mossy forest ( HNHM, 1) . – BOLIVIA, La Paz Prov., 9.2km E Chulumani, 16°20'59"S, 67°30'18"W, 2100m, 19-21.I.2001, leg. J.S. Ashe, R.S. Hanley ( BOL1 AH01 036), ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 1), samebut 2200m, leg. J.S. Ashe, R.S. Hanley ( BOL1 AH01 038), ex: flight intercept trap ( SEMC, 1), Dept. Cochabamba, Prov. Carrasco, Serrania de Siberia, ChuyaKhocha [17°45'19"S, 64°47'20"W], 2300m, 2.IX.1990, leg. P. Parrillo (Field Museum, No. 122), cloudforest, inbromeliadsp. 3 ( FMNH, 4), samebut 29.VIII.1990, leg. P. Parrillo (No. 085, FMHD #90-187), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 1 ( FMNH, 5), samebut 31.VIII.1990, leg. P. Parrillo (No. 106, FMHD #90-196), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 1 ( FMNH, 6, HNHM, 13), samebut 2.IX.1990, leg. P. Parrillo (No. 120, FMHD #90-197), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 1 ( FMNH, 4), samebutleg. M. Ledezma (No. 119, FMHD #90-251), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 1 ( FMNH, 8, MHNG, 1♀), samebut 3.IX.1990, leg. P. Parrillo (No. 125, FMHD #90-199), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 1 ( FMNH, 3), samebutleg. P. Parrillo (No. 126, FMHD #90-200), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 1 ( FMNH, 7), samebutleg. M. Ledezma (No. 131, FMHD #90-204), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 3 ( FMNH, 3), samebutleg. M. Ledezma (No. 132, FMHD #90-205), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 3 ( FMNH, 4, HNHM, 1), samebutleg. M. Ledezma (No. 136, FMHD #90-254), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 3 ( FMNH, 2, MHNG, 1), samebut 4.IX.1990, leg. M. Ledezma (No. 138, FMHD #90-207), cloudforest, bromeliadsp. 3 ( FMNH, 6, BMNH, 2, ZMHB, 1, ISNB, 1), SantaCruzProv., Comarapa, 32.8kmNWYungasdeSiberia, 17°49'24" S, 64°42'26" W, 27.I.1999, leg. R. Anderson ( BOL1 A99 001), ex: litterberlese ( SEMC, 1) .

DESCRIPTION: HabitusasinFig. 51. Measurements (n=10): HW = 1.02 (0.94- 1.10); TW = 1.06 (0.95-1.17); PW = 0.97 (0.85-1.07); SW = 0.93 (0.86-0.97); MW = 1.13 (1.06-1.20); AW = 0.93 (0.82-1.01); HL = 0.80 (0.72-0.85); EL = 0.19 (0.17-0.21); FL = 0.13 (0.12-0.14); TL = 0.34 (0.28-0.38); PL = 0.70 (0.62-0.77); SL = 1.03 (0.99- 1.09); SC = 1.01 (0.97-1.06); FB = 2.63 (2.46-2.79); BL = 4.66 (4.24-5.01) mm. Body 'unicoloured', but with strikingly (uniformly) reddish elytra. Head and pronotum blackish dark brown to pitch black (supraantennal prominences appear a little lighter), elytra uniformly reddish medium brown, abdomen dark brown, with slight reddish overtone and sometimes lightening tergal apices. Legs, mouthparts and antennae strongly reddish medium brown, latter distinctly darkening from middle to penultimate antennomere. Pubescence medium short and sparse, shorter on elytra. A rather shiny species (unpunctured areas not so sharply separated from punctured ones).

Head and pronotum. Mid-antennal articles about as long as wide (antennomere 6 length:width = 0.106: 0.108 mm). Clypeus (Fig. 85) trapezoid, ratiooflongitudinal distance of supraantennal prominence tip from eyefront to the same from clypeal front

FIGS 101-106

(101-103) Parosus minutus sp. n.; head and pronotum (101), elytron (102), side of head (103). (104-106) P. skalitzkyi sp. n.; head and pronotum (104), elytron (105), side of head (106). All SEM, dorsal views. Scale bar = 0.08 mm for 103, 0.15 mm for 101,102, 0.17 mm for 106, 0.2 mm for 105, 0.25 mm for 104.

= 0.39. Infraocular ridge (Fig. 87) rather strong, ending at a strong and shiny postocular process at posterior edge of eye. Temple rather straight anteriorly, most curved after middle (slightly angled). Pronotum (Fig. 85) with maximum width 1.73-1.74x base width, sides almost evenly arched, but in anterior 1/5 more strongly, anterior angles sharp. Clypeus and supraantennal prominences unpunctured, shiny. Frontoclypeal groove shallow, reached by the umbilicate puncture field of vertex. In hind part of vertex with a rather deeply impressed area (at its anterior parts punctation more sparse). Anterior half of pronotal midline (except a small area behind anterior margin) deeply impressed, unpunctured, forming a posteriorly directed arrowhead shape with scabrous microsculpture in it. Posterior half being a slightly elevated, unpunctured, shiny stripe with two longitudinal depressions along its sides. Laterad, two spots rather elevated and shinier. Pronotal sides with some impression around middle. Head with 22-24 'longitudinal' puncture lines, very rough punctation, on mid-vertex more sparse, pronotum with 22-26 'longitudinal' puncture lines, smaller punctures compared to those on head, lateral elevations with loosened punctation.

Elytra and abdomen. Elytra (Fig. 86) dilating posteriorly, with two small, longitudinal impressions behind scutellum. Medially serrate fringe present on hind margin of tergite VII. Elytral punctation not umbilicate, punctures smaller than those on pronotum, interspaces about 2/5-3/4 of puncture diameters. Bases of abdominal tergites (posterior to basal ridges) with very fine transversal coriaceous microsculpture, segments almost without punctation. Aedeagus as in Fig. 94.

ETYMOLOGY: The species is named after its unusually large size.

COMPARATIVE NOTES: From the similarly large 'unicoloured' species ( P. longicornis , P. unicoloratus , P. gigantulus ), this one is easily distinguished by the elytra being uniformly lighter (reddish-brownish) than the head and pronotum. It has moderately elongate antennae, a large but on the vertex mostly convex head. Amongst the mentioned species this has the most coarse punctation on the head, which remains dense (mostly) on the anteior vertex, too.

DISTRIBUTION: The species is known from the highest southern ranges of the

Cordilleras (in Peru and Bolivia).

BIONOMICS: Specimens were collected from different types of (leaf) litter in cloud forest by Berlese sampling and other methods.