Parosus, Sharp, 1887

Makranczy, György, 2014, Review of the genus Parosus Sharp, 1887 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae), Revue suisse de Zoologie 121 (1), pp. 77-133 : 104-107

Parosus hilaris Sharp, 1887 Figs 15-18, 91, 96

Parosus hilaris Sharp, 1887: 704. – Herman, 1970: 400. – Herman, 2001: 1463. – Navarrete- Heredia et al., 2006: 56.

TYPEMATERIALEXAMINED: LECTOTYPE (3, heredesignated), “Parosushilaris; D. S.; V. deChiriquí [8°44'N, 82°28'W] 2500; – 4000ft. Champion. [writtenonthecardboardonwhichthe specimenisglued] \ Sp. figured. \ V. deChiriqui,; 2-3000ft.; Champion . \ B. C. A. Col. I. 2.; Parosus ; hilaris; Sharp. \ Lectotypus; Parosus ; hilaris Sharp ; des. Makranczy, 2000 \ Parosus ; hilaris Sharp; det. Makranczy, 2000” ( BMNH). – PARALECTOTYPE (1), same data as lectotype ( BMNH, 1) .

OTHER MATERIAL: COSTA RICA, Guanacaste Prov., East end of Lake Arenal [10°28'N, 84°48'W], 570m, 20.V.1993, leg. J.S. & A.K. Ashe (#030), ex. roadsideslash ( SEMC, 1), CartagoProv., Turrialba, [Lagodel] Catie [9°53'23"N, 83°39'16"W], 16-20.V.1979, leg. J. M. & B. A. Campbell ( CNCI, 1), Cartago[/SanJosé] Prov., 23.3kmNESanJosé [10°09'27"N, 83°56'43"W], 440m, 17.V.1993, leg. J.S. & A.K. Ashe (#014), ex: oldtreefalllitter ( SEMC, 13), SanJoséProv., km. 117 Pan-Am. Hwy 19 kmNSanIsidro, 1800m, 9°28'0"N, 83°42'20"W, 20-25.VI.1997, leg. S. & J. Peck (CR1P97 023), ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 1), Limon Prov., Guápiles [10°12'N, 83°48'W] (Kliefoth), VIII.1941 (coll. Bierig, FMNH, 1), Puntarenas Prov., MonteVerde [10°17'57"N, 84°48'03"W], 1550m, 26.V.1989, leg. J. Ashe, R. Brooks, R. Leshen, ex: beating ( SEMC, 1), PuntarenasProv., PenínsuladeOsa, FundaciónNeotróp.[ica] 10kmWRincon, 8°42'30"N, 83°31'30"W, 20m, 23.VI.1997, leg. R. Anderson (CR1A97 029a), ex: berlese forest litter ( SEMC, 1), Puntarenas Prov., Península de Osa , Rancho Quemado [8°41'40"N, 83°33'49"W], 200m, 12.III.1994, leg. A. Marín, malaise [trap] ( SEMC, 1), Heredia Prov., LaSelvaBiologicalResearchStation, 3kmSPuertoViejo, 10°25'0"N, 84°0'0"W, 80m, 2-15.VI.1996, leg. R. Hanley (CR1H96 016), ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 2), HerediaProv., LaSelvaBiol. Res. Sta., 3.2kmSEPuertoViejo [10°25'45"N, 83°58'52"W], 100m, 3.III.1992, leg. W. Bell, ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 2), HerediaProv., LaSelvaBiol. Res. Sta., 3.2km SEPuertoViejo, 100m, 17.II.1992, leg. W. Bell, ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 1), samebut 19.II.1992 ( SEMC, 1); samebut 17.III.1992 ( HNHM, 1mp), HerediaProv., LaSelvaBiological ResearchStation, nearPuertoViejodeSarapiqui [10°25'53"N, 84°00'20"W, 50m], 18.II.1985, leg. L. Herman (#2113), ex: epiphytichumus ( AMNH, 13, 1), samebutleg. L. Herman (#2109), ex: stream side leaf litter ( AMNH, 1), same but leg. L. Herman (#2116), ex: debris at node of palmfrond ( AMNH, 1). – PANAMA, ChiriquíProv., LaFortuna, "Hydro. Trail" 08°42'N, 82°14'W, 1150m, 23.V.-9.VI.1995, leg. J. Ashe, R. Brooks (#156), ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 1), PanamáProv., OldPlantationrd., 6.9kmSGamboa, 09°05'N, 79°40'W, 80m, 4-7.VI.1995, leg. [J.S.] Ashe & [R.] Brooks (#137), ex: flightintercepttrap ( SEMC, 1), Canal Zone, BarroColoradoIsland [09°09'N, 79°51'W], 16.I.1959, leg. H. Dybas, ex: fermented fibrous log & at light ( FMNH, 1), Cocle Prov., El Valle [de Antón] (trail to Las Minas) [08°35'N, 80°09'W], 2400-2600ft, 23.II.1959, leg. H.S. Dybas ( FMNH, 1). – VENEZUELA, E[sta]do. Aragua, RanchoGrande (15kmNMaracay) [10°21.5'N, 67°35.5'W], 1500m, 21.II.1971, leg. S. Peck ( CNCI, 1) .

REDESCRIPTION: Measurements (n=2): HW = 0.73 (0.70-0.76); TW = 0.74 (0.71-0.77); PW = 0.71 (0.68-0.74); SW = 0.66 (0.65-0.66); MW = 0.78 (0.77-0.78); AW = 0.66 (0.63-0.68); HL = 0.60 (0.58-0.61); EL = 0.16 (0.15-0.16); FL = 0.10 (0.10- 0.10); TL = 0.26 (0.26-0.26); PL = 0.49 (0.47-0.50); SL = 0.69 (0.68-0.69); SC = 0.67 (0.66-0.67); FB = 2.03 (1.86-2.19); BL = 3.84 (3.41-4.27) mm. Body'bicoloured'. Head dark brown to blackish (clypeal region and supraantennal prominences much lighter, reddish light or medium brown), mediad of supraantennal prominences two larger black spots near ends of frontoclypeal (= epistomal) sulcus, pronotum reddish FIGS 74-81

(74-77) Parosushermani sp. n.; head (74), pronotum (75), elytron (76), sideofhead (77). (78-81) P. longicornis sp. n.; head (78), pronotum (79), elytron (80), sideofhead (81). AllSEM, dorsal views. Scale bar = 0.25 mm for 77, 0.35 mm for 81, 73, 0.4 mm for 74-76, 0.5 mm for 78-80.

light brown (sometimes almost orange), elytra dark brown except shoulder area (unusually well delimited, from scutellum to 3/5 of elytra) lighter (yellow to light brown). Abdomen yellow to light brown, tergites V-VI darkened (medium brown). Legs, mouthparts and antennae yellow to light brown. Pubescence medium short and medium dense, much shorter and more dense on elytra, longer and much sparser on abdomen.

Head and pronotum. Mid-antennal articles about as long as wide (antennomere 6 length:width = 0.068: 0.070 mm). Clypeus trapezoid, ratio of longitudinal distance of supraantennal prominence tip from eyefront to the same from clypeal front = 0.50- 0.55. Infraocular ridge (Fig. 96) strong, ending in an elevated triangular part of a shiny postocular area and longer, posteriorly vanishing keel after posterior edge of eye. Temple almost straight (slightly dilating) long after eye, but rather angled at posterior 1/4 or just strongly curved in posterior half, eye strongly bulging. Pronotum with maximum width 1.72-1.82x base width, sides curved all the way, most strongly anteriorly, anterior angles sharp. Clypeus and supraantennal ridges almost unpunctured, shiny (only a few tiny, scattered punctures). Clypeal area poorly marked by an extremely shallow frontoclypeal groove, with umbilicate punctures reaching this area. Vertex slightly depressed along an indistinct longitudinal midline, middle of vertex sometimes more shiny (more sparse punctation, may even be slightly elevated), base of midline with occasionally deeper depression. Pronotal midline appears as (acuteangled) V-shaped shiny elevation, lines becoming finer and vanish anteriorly (between them microsculpture), not reaching anterior edge. Laterad two longitudinally elongate impressions, with two elevated shiny spots at their outer middle. Pronotal sides have slight impressions around the middle. Head with 20-26 'longitudinal' puncture lines, pronotum with 22-24 'longitudinal' puncture lines, pronotal punctures same sized compared to those on head, mid- and anterior vertex with loosened punctation.

Elytra and abdomen. Elytra slightly dilating posteriorly, with two small, slightly elongate, rather deep impressions behind scutellum. Medially serrate fringe present on hind margin of tergite VII. Elytral punctures not umbilicate and a tiny bit smaller than those on pronotum, interspaces about 1/3-2/3 (or more) of puncture diameters. Bases of tergites (posterior to basal ridges) a little scabrous on first few visible segments, otherwise almost unsculptured and with occasional small punctures only. Aedeagus as in Fig. 91.

COMPARATIVE NOTES: This species is extremely similar to P. taliaferroae , can only be distinguished by the presence of the medially serrate fringe on the hind margin of tergite VII. A more distantly similar species is P. bicoloratus , which, however, has more elongate antennae, differently positioned dark stripe on the abdomen (see details at P. bicoloratus ) and also lacks the medially serrate fringe on the hind margin of tergite VII. P. rossii is a similarly sized 'bicoloured' species, but with an always dark abdominal apex (abdominal base occasionally lighter).

DISTRIBUTION: The species is so far known from Costa Rica, Panama and

Venezuela.

BIONOMICS: Collected mostly from treefall litter and various plant debris, by beating or with flight intercept traps.

FIGS 82-87

(82-84) Parosus longipennis sp. n.; head and pronotum (82), elytron (83), side of head (84). (85-87) P. major sp. n.; head and pronotum (85), elytron (86), side of head (87). All SEM, dorsal views. Scale bar = 0.06 mm for 84, 0.1 mm for 82, 83, 0.16 mm for 87, 0.25 mm for 85-86.