Panaeolus punjabensis M. Asif, Q. Firdous, A. Izhar, Niazi & Khalid, 2023

Asif, Muhammad, Firdous, Qudsia, Izhar, Aiman, Niazi, Abdul Rehman, Sarwar, Samina & Khalid, Abdul Nasir, 2023, Molecular and morphological studies reveal a new species of Panaeolus (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Punjab, Pakistan, European Journal of Taxonomy 888, pp. 77-96 : 85-90

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2215
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8250442
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A531B863-FFC1-6208-FE93-67323598FDFD
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Panaeolus punjabensis M. Asif, Q. Firdous, A. Izhar, Niazi & Khalid
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Panaeolus punjabensis M. Asif, Q. Firdous, A. Izhar, Niazi & Khalid sp. nov.

MycoBank MB 840898

Figs 3–4 View Fig View Fig

Diagnosis

The new species turns bluish on handling so it is hallucinogenic and can be distinguished by its broadly fusiform basidiospores, claviform cheilocystidia with rounded tips, and clavate caulocystidia.

Etymology

Specific epithet ‘ punjabensis ’ refers to the type locality, Punjab Province, Pakistan.

Type material

Holotype PAKISTAN • Punjab Province, Haroonabad City, District Bahawalnagar ; 29°60′81″N, 73°14′67″E; alt. 163 m a.s.l.; on nutrient-rich loamy soil; 4 Aug. 2019; Muhammad Asif, BWN -45; GenBank nos MZ265143 (nrITS); ON116490 (28S); LAH[36793] .

Additional material examined

PAKISTAN • Punjab Province, Lahore , 32 ° 52′04″N, 74°35′87″E; alt. 217 m a.s.l.; on loamy soil; 10 Jul. 2015; Qudsia Firdous, BRB S -01; GenBank nos KY636363 (nrITS); ON116491 (LSU); LAH[36792] • same collection data as for preceding; 28 Jul. 2016; Qudsia Firdous, BRB S -22; GenBank nos MZ823627 (nrITS); ON116492 ( LSU); LAH[36794] • Punjab Province, Kasur District, 31°12′79″N, 74°44′08″E; alt. 218 m a.s.l.; on fallen plant debris; 6 Sep. 2020; Aiman Izhar, KS -0018; GenBank no. OP681142 (nrITS); LAH[37417] .

Description

Basidiomata 4.4–5.8 cm tall. Pileus 1–1.5 cm diam, conic to parabolic when young, becoming convex with maturity, dry; surface light brown at the center (7.5YR8/4), light grayish green (7.5GY8/1) toward margins, smooth when young becoming rugulose at maturity; margin straight in young stage, striate at maturity ( Fig. 3A, D View Fig ). Lamellae free, olive black (5GY2/1), even margins, distantly placed, two tiers of regularly arranged lamellulae ( Fig. 3B–C View Fig ). Stipe 3.8–5.3 × 0.3–0.6 cm, surface light grayish-green (10GY8/1), central, equal, surface smooth and glabrous, dry, slightly bulbous base, bruising blue on handling ( Fig. 3E View Fig ). Annulus and volva absent. Odor is indistinct.

Basidiospores [75/3/3] (13.2–)13.4–16.4(–16.7) × (7.5–)8.2–9.6(–11.4) µm, on average 15 × 9.5 µm, Q = 1.4–1.6, Q av = 1.5, broadly fusiform, smooth, apiculus absent, thick-walled, hyaline in KOH, no colour change in Melzer‘s reagent, non-guttulate, germ pore obvious ( Fig. 4B View Fig ). Basidia (24.8–)24.9–27.9 (–28.1) × (14.3–)14.4–15.6(–15.9) µm, on average 26.2 × 15.1 µm, broadly clavate, mostly bi-spored, rarely tri- or tetra-spored, thick-walled, hyaline in KOH, non-guttulate ( Fig. 4A View Fig ). Cheilocystidia (30.5–) 32.1–41.4(–44.3) × (6–)6.1–9.1(–9.5) µm, on average 37.4 × 7.8 µm, claviform with flexuous neck and rounded apices, thin-walled, hyaline in KOH, non-guttulate ( Fig. 4C View Fig ). Pileocystidia (18–)19.2–32 (–34.4) × (10.4–)11.9–13.9(–17.4) µm, on average 25.5 × 13.4 µm, clavate to vesiculose, thin-walled, hyaline ( Fig. 4E View Fig ). Caulocystidia (25.3–)26.7–36.9(–37.5) × (6–)8.1–9.7(–10.5) µm, on average 31.4 × 8.7 µm), clavate, thick-walled ( Fig. 4D View Fig ). Clamp connections are absent in all tissues.

Habitat

Solitary or in small groups on loamy soil containing herbivore (cattle) dung.

Known distribution

Known only from three localities, Bahawalnagar, Kasur, and Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.