Centaurea montana Linnaeus (1753: 911)

Altinordu, Fahim & Susanna, Alfonso, 2017, Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Centaurea montana (Compositae, Cardueae- Centaureinae), Phytotaxa 299 (1), pp. 143-146 : 143-145

Centaurea montana Linnaeus (1753: 911) .

Type: — Herb. Burser XV: 29 ( UPS [digital image!], lectotype designated here) ( Fig. 1 ).

The protologue of Centaurea montana ( Linnaeus 1753: 911) consists of a diagnosis “ CENTAUREA calycibus serratis , foliis lanceolatis decurrentibus, caule simplicissimo ”, with citations from earlier works ( Linnaeus 1738: 422, Linnaeus 1748: 270, Royen 1740: 138) followed by four synonyms: “ Cyanus montanus latifolius s[eu]. Verbasculum cyanoides ” from Bauhin (1623: 273); “ Cyanus montanus , caule folioso, capitulo oblongo ” from Boccone (1697: 20, t. 2); “ Cyanus major ” from L’Obel (1591: 548), and “β Jacea integrifolia humilis ” from Bauhin (1620: 127; 1623: 271). The fourth synonym in this list is accompanied with a reference to “Burs. XV. 29”, which is the citation of a specimen in UPS-BURSER (Herb. Burser XV: 29); this specimen is therefore a syntype. Two of the synonyms refer to illustrated treatments ( L’Obel 1591, Boccone 1697); these illustrations are also original material for the name C. montana because they were presumably used in preparation of the validating diagnosis of the name.

Among the original elements cited by Jarvis (2007), six herbarium sheets and two illustrations were examined.

(1) In the Burser Herbarium at UPS there are two sheets (Herb. Burser XV[2]: 29 and XV[2]: 56) bearing the original annotations “ Jacea integrifolia humilis Bauh. / Prope oppidum Melck Austriae ” and “ Cyanus montanus latifolius : vel Verbasculum Cyanoides Bauh. / Cyanus major Lob. grosse Kornblumen./ In Helvetia et Austria superiore sponte ”, which match the Linnaean synonym from Bauhin (1620, 1623). The syntype in UPS-BURSER (Herb. Burser XV[2]. 29) bears two fragments with both leaves and inflorescences.

(2) In the Royen Herbarium at L there is a good herbarium specimen (No. 900.193-77) linked to the synonym of Linnaeus “ Roy. lugdb. 138 ”. This specimen is original material because Linnaeus studied Royen’s herbarium during his stay in Leyden, before his return to Sweden in 1738 (see Jarvis 2007: 153).

(3) In the Linnaean Herbarium at LINN, there is a herbarium sheet: Herb. Linn. No. 1030.15 ( LINN; image available at: http://linnean-online.org/10620/). This specimen includes a fragment with leaves and two inflorescences, and the original Linnaeus’s annotation “11 montana ”, explicitly referring to the number of the species account of Centaurea montana in the Species Plantarum ( Linnaeus 1753: 911).

(4) In the Clifford Herbarium at BM there are two sheets of original material (No. 422, Centaurea 19— BM 000647269 and BM 000647270; images available respectively at: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/resources/research-curation/projects/ clifford- herbarium/lgimages/ BM 000647269.JPG and http://www.nhm.ac.uk/resources/research-curation/projects/cliffordherbarium/lgimages/ BM 000647270.JPG), each bearing a fragment, and containing both leaves and inflorescences that match the protologue.

(5) L’Obel (1591: 548) and Boccone (1697: 20, t. 2) provided illustrations (available respectively at http://bibdigital.rjb. csic.es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=4360& Pagina =556, and http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=1490& Pagina =211) matching Linnaeus’s diagnosis. These illustrations are cited in the protologue and probably used by Linnaeus in preparation of his validating description, and thus they may be used for lectotypification.

We have been unable to trace any further original material in any of the other Linnaean and Linnaean-linked herbaria.

We confirm that all the elements listed above are correctly identified as C. montana . Of these original elements, we designate Burser’s specimen in UPS-BURSER (Herb. Burser XV: 29) as the lectotype of C. montana since the specimen it is a syntype and therefore has precedence in lectotype designation over uncited specimens and cited or uncited illustrations (Art. 9.12 of the Melbourne Code, McNeill et al. 2012). It is therefore the obligate lectotype for the name Centaurea montana .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Centaurea montana L. [Herb. Burser XV: 29, UPS-BURSER]. Reproduced with permission.