Capnodium gamsii Abdollahz. & Crous

Haituk, Supitchakorn Thungdee Sukanya, Withee, Patchareeya, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan, Suwannarach, Nakarin, Marasinghe, Diana S. & Hongsanan, Sinang, 2023, Unraveling Capnodiaceae species in Northern Thailand, Phytotaxa 620 (2), pp. 143-156 : 149-150

Capnodium gamsii Abdollahz. & Crous , in Abdollahzadeh et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 395 (2020)

Index Fungorum number: IF833152 ( FIGURE 3 )

Colonies saprobic sooty mold-like, growing on living leaves of Manihot esculenta and Broussonetia papyrifera ( FIGURE 3a, b ). Mycelium developing on the surface of the plant leaves, hyaline to brown in color, branching, thin-walled, septate, and constricted at the septa ( FIGURE 3i ). Sexual morph: Not observed. Asexual morph: Pycnidia 220–360 × 20–55 μm (x = 258 × 38 μm, n = 10) on M. esculenta , and 223–280 × 25–34 μm (x = 230 × 30 μm, n = 10) on B. papyrifera , superficial, slender or flask-shaped, simple, occur singly or in groups, medium to dark brown, sometimes slightly greenish, synnematous in structure ( FIGURE 3d–f ). Ostiole surrounded by hyaline hyphae ( FIGURE 3h ), upper cylindrical region tapering to apex. Conidia 4.2–6.6 × 2.5–3.6 μm (x = 5.9 × 3.0 μm, n = 15) on M. esculenta , and 4.4–5.0 × 2.1–2.6 μm (x = 4.7 × 2.4 μm, n = 10) on B. papyrifera , oblong to ellipsoid, aseptate, hyaline, with 2-guttules ( FIGURE 3k, i ).

Material examined: THAILAND, Payao Province, on living leaf of Manihot esculenta (Solanaceae) , 29 October 2022, N Suwannarach SDBR-CMUPTT01.1 = CMUB40025, living culture in SDBR-CMU479 ; Payao Province, on living leaf of Broussonetia papyrifera (Paper mulberry), 29 October 2022, N Suwannarach SDBR-CMUBPP01.1 = CMUB40024, living culture in SDBR-CMU476 .

Notes: Our sooty mold collections, SDBR-CMU476 and SDBR-CMU479, were found on living leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera , and Manihot esculenta , respectively. We found a few carcasses of aphids on both plant species. In our phylogenetic analyses ( FIGURE 1 ), both strains grouped with other strains of Capnodium gamsii (CBS 892.73, CBS 146153, CBS 146154, CBS 146155, CBS 146156, and MFLUCC10-0066) (76% ML/ 0.97 PP). The morphological characteristics of SDBR-CMU476 and SDBR-CMU479 are identical to Ca. gamsii . However, SDBR-CMU479 has shorter pycnidia (220–360 × 20–55 μm vs. 210–420 × 22–35 μm) and larger conidia (4.2–6.6 × 2.5–3.6 μm vs. 3.6–8.1 × 1.6–2.9 μm) than those of the type material of Ca. gamsii described by Abdollahzadeh et al. (2020). Furthermore, SDBR-CMU476 has smaller conidia compared to the type material (4.4–5.0 × 2.1–2.6 μm vs. 3.6–8.1 × 1.6–2.9 μm) ( Abdollahzadeh et al. 2020). In addition, our collection, CMUB40025 has a darker brown pycnidia, and CMUB40024 has a slightly greenish to brown pycnidia, while the type material has medium to dark brown pycnidia. Based on the morphology and phylogeny, we identified our collection as Ca. gamsii , and this is the first report of Ca. gamsii from Broussonetia papyrifera and Manihot esculenta .

Figures

FIGURE 1 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree based on a combined dataset (LSU, ITS, tef-1α and rpb2) of Capnodiaceae. Sequences obtained in this study are indicated in red, and newly established species are indicated in yellow. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values equal to or greater than 60% and 0.90 are shown at the nodes. The tree is rooted with Scorias leucadendri (CBS 131318) and S. spongiosa (CBS 325.33).

FIGURE 3 Capnodium gamsii (a, d, g, l = morphological characters on Manihot esculenta, CMUB40025; b, e, f, h–k, = morphological characters on Broussonetia papyrifera, CMUB40024). a, b Sooty mold on the surface of leaves. c Appearance of conidiomata on the host surface. d–f Squash mount of pycnidia. g Pycnidia wall. h Ostiole surrounded by hyaline hyphae. i Network-like hyphae. j Germinating conidia. k, l Conidia. Scale bars: d–f = 50 µm, k–h = 10 µm, i–j = 20 µm.