Ancognatha vulgaris Arrow, 1911

Moore, Matthew R., Cave, Ronald D. & Branham, Marc A., 2018, Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini), ZooKeys 745, pp. 101-378 : 117-118

Ancognatha vulgaris Arrow, 1911

Ancognatha vulgaris Arrow, 1911: 169-170 [original combination].

syn. Ancognatha (Pseudoancognatha) nigriventris Otoya, 1945: 275-282 [original combination].

Ancognatha vulgaris Arrow [synonymy by Martínez 1965a: 64].

Types.

Type of A. vulgaris at BMNH ( Endrődi 1966). Holotype ♂ of A. nigriventris at ICN ( Otoya 1945).

Distribution.

BOLIVIA. BRAZIL: Amazonas. COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima. COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Cartago, Guanacaste, Heredia, Limón, Puntarenas, San José. ECUADOR. PANAMA: Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí, Coclé, Panamá, Veraguas. PERU: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, La Libertad, Lima, Loreto, Pasco, Piura, San Martín, Ucayali. VENEZUELA: Mérida.

References.

Arrow 1911, 1937b, Blackwelder 1944, Otoya 1945, Gutiérrez 1950, Martínez 1965a, Howden and Campbell 1974, Endrődi 1966, 1985a, Ruiz and Pamalpa 1990, Montoya et al. 1994, Restrepo et al. 2003, Ratcliffe 2002a, 2003, Onore 1997, 2005, Pardo-Locarno et al. 2005a, Útima and Vallejo 2008, Gasca-Álvarez and Amat-García 2010, Krajcik 2005, 2012, Moore 2012, Breeschoten et al. 2013, López-García et al. 2015, Ratcliffe et al. 2015, Dossey et al. 2016, Figueroa and Ratcliffe 2016, Mitasuhashi 2016, Villalobos-Moreno et al. 2016, 2017.

Remarks.

Some authors attributed the name A. humeralis to Bates (1888) and subsequently treated this taxon as a synonym of A. vulgaris (e.g., Arrow 1937b, Endrődi 1966, 1985a, Krajcik 2005, 2012). Bates (1888) clearly attributed the name A. humeralis to Burmeister (1847), and his notes on this species should not be considered a description of a new species.

The identity and species status of A. nigriventris is ambiguous and needs clarification. Ancognatha nigriventris was described from male and female specimens collected in the Colombian departments of Meta and Santander ( Otoya 1945). The species was placed in a new subgenus based on its relatively well-developed maxillary teeth ( Otoya 1945). Gutiérrez (1950) discussed the subgenus and Martínez (1965a) implied that the species was a synonym of A. vulgaris . Endrődi (1966) remarked that he had not seen the type series, or any specimens, of A. nigriventris and treated the species as valid. Endrődi (1985a) did not further treat A. nigriventris . Some subsequent papers have cited the species from Colombia ( Ruiz and Pamalpa 1990, Montoya et al. 1994), while others have ignored it (e.g., Restrepo et al. 2003 and Gasca-Álvarez and Amat-García 2010). Ancognatha nigriventris is reported from the Colombian states of Meta, Nariño, and Santander ( Otoya 1945, Ruiz and Pamalpa 1990, Montoya et al. 1994).