Pollicaria mouhoti (Pfeiffer, 1862)

Kongim, Bangon, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Naggs, Fred & Panha, Somsak, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the Elephant Pupinid snail genus Pollicaria Gould, 1856 (Prosobranchia, Pupinidae), ZooKeys 287, pp. 19-40 : 30

Pollicaria mouhoti (Pfeiffer, 1862)

Hybocystis mouhoti Pfeiffer, 1862: 276, pl. 36, fig. 13. Type locality: Laos Mountain, Cambodia. Pfeiffer 1863: 227, 228, pl. 59, figs 5-8. Crosse 1885: 190,191, pl. 11, fig. 3.

Megalostoma (Hybocystis) mouhoti -von Martens, 1867: 67.

Pollicaria mouhoti -Sowerby, 1878: Pupinidae , pl. 8, species 67. Kobelt 1902: 290.

Diagnosis.

Shell small to large, pupoid, solid; monochrome purple to black, sometimes with yellowish to bright orange spire. Periostracum thin; shell surface with distinct malleations on upper half of last whorl. Whorls 5-6; sutures moderately impressed; apex obtuse. Last whorl large about two-thirds of shell height, distorted and flattened in front. Aperture almost circular, shallow posterior angled groove present. Peristome and inside aperture orange to red; parietal declining shoulder absent. Lip thickened, expanded, reflexed, margin slightly duplicated; umbilicus narrow. Operculum calcareous concentric.

Distribution.

The type locality of Pollicaria mouhoti was given as Laos Mountain, Cambodia. However, subsequent records of this species were from Thailand, Laos and Cambodia ( Pfeiffer 1862, Crosse 1885, Kobelt 1902, Solem 1966).

Remarks.

von Martens (1867) and Pain (1974) synonymised this species with Pollicaria myersii and stated that all Pollicaria specimens collected from Thailand should be regarded as this species. However, examination of the type specimens of Pollicaria mouhoti ( Fig. 4H ) showed that it was clearly distinct from Pollicaria myersii in shell shape, sculpture and colour pattern. The major distinguishing shell characters of Pollicaria mouhoti are the smaller shell size, purplish shell colour, bright orange spire, expanded bright orange to red apertural lip and bold wrinkles on the dorsal side of last whorl ( Tables 1 , 2 ). In addition, the chromosome analysis shows a clear difference in karyotype patterns between these two species ( Kongim et al. 2009, 2010). Hence, Pollicaria mouhoti is removed from the synonymy of Pollicaria myersii and reinstated as a distinct species.

Figures

Figure 4. Shell morphology of Pollicaria spp. A-E Pollicaria gravida A lectotype UMZC I. 102935. A B paralectotype UMZC I. 102935. B-E C syntype of Otopoma blennus Benson, 1856 UMZC I. 102930. A and D, E specimens from Farm Caves, Moulmein, Burma (NHMUK 88.124.863.4 - 5; specimen with ' x' was figured in Gude (1921), fig. 29) F, G Pollicaria myersii F form Siam (NHMUK 20090242; specimen figured in Pfeiffer, 1856 a, pl. 19, figs 1, 2), and G specimen from Pahom, Vang Vieng, Laos (CUMZ 1572) H, I Pollicaria mouhoti mouhoti H lectotype (NHMUK 20130071 / 1), and I specimen from Tam Wungdang, Phitsanulok (CUMZ 1533) J, K Pollicaria mouhoti monochroma ssp. n. from the type locality, J holotype CUMZ 1577, and K paratype CUMZ 1548.