Chrysilla volupe (Karsch, 1879)

Kanesharatnam, Nilani & P. Benjamin, Suresh, 2019, Multilocus genetic and morphological phylogenetic analysis reveals a radiation of shiny South Asian jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae), ZooKeys 839, pp. 1-81 : 1

Chrysilla volupe (Karsch, 1879) Figs 20 C–F, 21 A–E, 22 A–D

Material examined.

1♂ (IFS_SAL_239), Sri Lanka, Central Province, Kandy District, Kandy town, hand collection, 10-VI-2015, leg. CI Clayton. 1♂ (IFS_SAL_443), Sri Lanka, Central Province, Kandy District, Ballagola, 467 m, 07°17'12"N, 80°42'48E, 22-VI-2013, leg. SP Benjamin. 3♂, 2♀ (IFS_SAL_633-638), Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Anuradapura District, Mihintale Sanctuary, 123 m, 08°21'10.60"N, 80°30'14.54"E, hand collection, 22-VI-2013, leg. I Sandunika. 1♂ (IFS_SAL_669), Sri Lanka, North Western Province, Kurunagala District, Ethagala FR, 190 m, 07°29'11.23"N, 80°22'21.64"E, hand collection, 1-28-VII-2007, leg. Z Jaleel. 1♂ (IFS_SAL _860), Sri Lanka, Central Province, Matale District, IFS Arboretum, 180 m, 07°51'34"N, 80°40'28"E, 17-VIII-2012, leg. SP Benjamin et al.

Diagnosis.

This species is closely related to C. lauta and C. deelemani in palpal structure and it is distinguishable from C. lauta by the absence of abdominal scutum, and rectangular PLT in males and from latter by abdominal metallic colour pattern in both sexes. See also Caleb and Mathai (2014) for a detailed diagnosis.

Description.

Male. In live spiders, prosoma covered by iridescent blue and reddish orange scales arranged as alternative bands with thin layer of blue iridescent scales, edged of prosoma cover. AME and ALE black in colour, enclosed with reddish orange scales. Clypeus with iridescent blue scales. Reddish brown chelicerae with two promarginal and one retromarginal teeth, sternum oval and covered with iridescent scales ( Caleb and Mathai 2014: figs 12, 15). First pair of legs blackish blue, longer and larger than other pairs. Abdomen tapers to the black spinnerets. Dorsum of abdomen covered with reddish orange, iridescent blue and black patches, orange scales arranged in ‘M’ shape on the abdomen (Fig. 21A; Caleb and Mathai 2014: figs 15, 18). Ventrum blackish grey colour.

Palp metallic bluish black. Cymbium narrower at the distal end than proximal region. Embolus medium sized and slightly curves at the tip ( Żabka 1988). Sperm duct is clearly visible at the distal end of tegulum. Proximal lobe of tegulum is partitioned by conspicuous groove (Figs 20C, 21D). Apical portion of bulbus narrow extending beyond the distal end of tegulum. Strong RTA broad at base but narrow and bent forward at the tip (Figs 20C, D, 21D, E).

MeasurementsTL 3.74, PL 1.94, PW at PLE 1.50, AL 1.85, AW 0.75. Eye field: diameter of AME 0.41, PLE 0.24, ALE 0.23, PME 0.07, PME-PME 1.15, PLE-PLE 1.19, ALE-PME 0.20, ALE-PLE 0.48. Leg I: TR 0.27, FM 1.35, PT 0.54, TB 1.21, MT 0.78, TA 0.55; Leg II: TR 0.24, FM 1.10, PT 0.40, TB 0.72, MT 0.61, TA 0.43; Leg III: TR 0.30, FM 1.20, PT 0.41, TB 0.59, MT 0.75, TA 0.53; Leg IV: TR 0.30, FM 1.23, PT 0.30, TB 1.12, MT 1.20, TA 0.62.

Female. In ethanol-preserved specimens, prosoma is reddish brown and ocular region is dark, blackish brown in colour (Figs 22A). Narrow and short fovea between PLE. Chelicerae and labium yellowish brown. Sternum oval with black dots. Lateral sides of prosoma covered with thin line of greyish white scales. Posterior margin of prosoma is truncated. Legs yellow in colour and first pair of legs rather broader than others. Femur IV and IV with black blotches. Abdomen much broader than prosoma (Fig. 22A). Dorsum greyish black decorated with dots, ventrum metallic black with metallic pale yellow markings (Fig. 22B). Anterior spinnerets black with yellow tip, posterior and median pairs black.

Epigynum moderately sclerotised. Posterior margin characterised with two lobed scapum (Figs 20E, F, 22C, D). Spermathecae rounded with thick wall. CD broad originates from anterolateral portion of spermathecae and terminates in cap-like structure at anterior margin. Lanceolate fertilisation ducts open in anterolateral wall of receptacles (Figs 20F, 22D).

Measurements.TL 3.92, PL 1.95, PW at PLE 1.52, AL 1.95, AW 0.85. Eye field: diameter of AME 0.42, PLE 0.26, ALE 0.25, PME 0.08, PME-PME 1.16, PLE-PLE 1.19, ALE-PME 0.25, ALE-PLE 0.50. Leg I: TR 0.27, FM 1.37, PT 0.54, TB 1.23, MT 0.81, TA 0.61; Leg II: TR 0.27, FM 1.20, PT 0.51, TB 0.74, MT 0.62, TA 0.51; Leg III: TR 0.32, FM 1.24, PT 0.44, TB 0.61, MT 0.75, TA 0.61; Leg IV: TR 0.30, FM 1.33, PT 0.35, TB 1.22, MT 1.31, TA 0.73.

Distribution.

Sri Lanka, India, Bhutan.