Psorodonotus suphani Taylan & Şirin, 2014

Taylan, Mehmet Sait, Mol, Abbas & Şirin, Deniz, 2014, A new species of Psorodonotus (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) from Anatolia, Turkey, Zootaxa 3760 (3), pp. 449-457 : 451-454

Psorodonotus suphani Taylan & Şirin sp. nov.

Holotype male, Turkey, Bitlis, Adilcevaz, Sütey Yaylası, 2300 m, 28.VI.2013, leg. M.S Taylan, D. Şirin, A. Mol & F. Boz. (Holotype deposited in Namik Kemal University, Biology Department, Museum of Entomology— NKUEM; Collection of D. Şirin).

Other material studied: Paratypes 3 males, 4 females, Turkey, Bitlis, Adilcevaz, Sütey Yaylası, 2300 m, 28.VI.2013, leg. M.S. Taylan, D. Şirin, A. Mol & F. Boz (Paratypes deposited in Namik Kemal University, Biology Department, Museum of Entomology—NKUEM; Collection of D. Şirin).

Descriptive diagnosis. Psorodonotus suphani sp. n. is a member of the Psorodonotus genus by the character combination defined to characterize the genus. Among specimens of this species it shares similarities with P. caucasicus caucasicus (Fischer von Waldheim, 1846) by the general morphological characters. The new species shows similarity to P. c. caucasicus with surface forming of pronotum ( Fig. 5 ) and shape of cercus ( Figs. 2 c). Psorodonotus suphani sp.n. differs prominently from P. c. caucasicus , as well as from other members of Psorodonotus genus, by its distinctive morphology. The unique autoapomorphy of this species that distinguishes it from all others is: the distinctive male titillator ( Fig. 7 a) (apical arms fused; apex of titillator distinctly widened and curved; basal arms clearly upcurved along its length in P. c. caucasicus ( Fig. 7 b, 7c)). Moreover, compared to P. c. caucasicus , the pronotum maximal width/minimum width equal or less than 1.4 (the index value is equal or more than 1.5 in P. c. caucasicus ) in male ( Fig. 5 ) and equal or more than 1.5 (the index value is equal or less than 1.4 in P. c. caucasicus ) in female. Tegmina of male reached on the middle of 4th abdominal segment in P. suphani sp.n., however it reached hardly middle of 3rd abdominal segments of P. c. caucasicus ( Figs. 2–4 ). Besides, length/ maximum width of hind femur rate is more than 5.1 in the male (the same rate is less than 4.5 in the P. c. caucasicus ); cercus length/maximum width of cercus basal part is more than 3.0 in the female (the same rate is equal or less than 2.8 in P. c. caucasicus ); tooth number of first femur is 4 in male and 5 in female (1–3 in male and 2–3 in female of P. c. caucasicus ); the posterior incision of female subgenital plate positioned up to 1/2 (less than 1/ 2 and generally in 1/ 3 in P. c. caucasicus ) and tooth number of second femur is 5–7 in male and 4–6 in female of new species (2–4 in male and 2–3 in female of P. c. caucasicus ). Another subspecies of P. caucasicus is P.

caucasicus anatolicus , and this taxon is also different than the new species by titillator with a long and upright apical arms (apical arms of titillator not curved to up in P. c. anatolicus ), short cercus 5.8–6.1 mm in male (its over than 7.4 mm in male of P. c. anatolicus ), long femur 24.5–26 mm in male (its shorter than 22.5 mm in male of P. c. anatolicus ) and several other morphological characters (for detail check Table 2 , Table 3 with Karabağ 1952).

The new species also differs significantly from P. c. caucasicus by the number of stridulatory pegs in male (min. 91–max. 97). For further morphological differences, we compared the data of the species with those of others ( Table 2 , 3 ).

Description. Head moderately projecting forward and slightly narrow than anterior part of pronotum; Fastigium of vertex/scapus 2.5–3.0 in male, 3.0– 3.1 in female.

Pronotum. Always with rough surface; median carina distinct along its length and weakly raised ( Fig. 5 a); lateral carinae distinct and thickness nearly always equal in prozona and metazoan in the male but in female, it is indistinct in prozona and very weak distinct in metazoan; the maximum/minimum distances between lateral carinae 1.4 in male and 1.5–1.6 in female; anterior margin of pronotum almost straight, posterior margin broadly rounded; in lateral view pronotum straight along its length; metazona not raised in both gender ( Figs. 5 a, 5b).

Tegmen. Little narrower (7/10) than metazona and reaching slightly middle of third abdominal tergite ( Fig. 2 a) in male but tegmina scale like and most part of it covered by pronotum in female; Speculum looks angular semicircle shape; male left tegmina with about 91–97 teeth, reaching posterior margin of tegmina.

Femur. Length/maximum width of hind femur 5.0– 5.4 in male, 5.3–5.5 in female; number of spines on first femur 4 in male, 5 in female; number of spines on second femur 5–7 in male, 4–6 in female.

LHF 24.50–26.00 (25.17±0.62) 20.10–23.10 (21.80±0.96) 19.70–21.00 (20.17±0.72) MWHF 4.70–5.00 (4.85±0.13) 4.60–5.70 (5.20±0.42) 4.50–4.80 (4.67±0.15) LC 5.80–6.10 (6.00±0.14) 5.10–5.50 (5.26±0.13) 5.00–5.90 (5.40±0.46) MWC 0.90–1.10 (0.92±0.05) 0.80–1.10 (0.96±0.10) 0.70–0.80 (0.77±0.06) TNFF 4.00–4.00 (4.00±0.00) 2.00–3.00 (2.14±0.38) 1.00–2.00 (1.67±0.58) TNSF 5.00–7.00 (6.25±0.96) 2.00–4.00 (3.00±0.58) 3.00–3.00 (3.00±0.00) NSP 91.00–97.00 (93.75±2.50) 107.00–114.00 (109.86±2.85) 107.00–112.00 (109.67±2.52)

N—number of individual, m—Mean; sd—Standard deviation.

Abdomen. Dorsal segments of abdomen within low dense setae in both gender; subgenital plate in male ( Fig. 6 a) and basal part of ovipositor valves in female ( Fig. 2 d) densely setase. Tympanal opening very narrow ellipseshaped in both sexes. Cercus long and slender ( Fig. 2 c); inner arm located 1/3–1/4 of length and large shaped, end of the large part pointed with a distinct recurved apical tooth in male; cercus 6.1–6.7 times as long as wide in male and 3.0–3.1 times in female; Ovipositor distinctly long and stout ( Fig. 2 d), slightly longer than hind femur and 1.9– 2.0 times longer than pronotum; subgenital plate generally as long as wide and with a distinct triangular posterior incision in male, in female short and wide, 1.4–1.5 times wider than long, with a very deep, narrow V-shaped posterior incessionon that almost 1/2 of subgenital plate ( Figs. 6 a, 6b); Titillator with a long and upright apical arms but not fused, posterior and lateral margins strongly serrated ( Fig. 7 a), apex strongly twisted outwards and widened distinctly; distal half of basal arms slightly upcurved, reaching to 1/2–1/3 of apical arms; apical and basal arms generally black.

Coloration.Male mostly reddish rarely yellowish brown dorsally ( Fig. 2 a) and yellowish ventrally in general appearance, in female body unicolour yellowish and reddish yellow ( Fig. 2 b); face and head generally yellowish in both gender; pronotum light reddish around two sides of median carina, lateral carinae dark brown and pleural sides of it dark reddish in male, in female all parts of pronotum yellowish and yellowish brown; tegmina mostly dark yellow in both gender; hind femur same colour with body in both gender, hind knee dark brown or blackish in male and brownish yellow in female; hind tibiae dark brown or reddish brown in male, reddish yellow in female; ventral parts of tarsus black in both gender.

Distribution.This species is presently known only from its type locality. ( Fig. 1 ).

Etymology.The species was described on the specimens collected from the highlands of the Süphan Mount.

Figures

FIGURE 1. The localities of Psorodonotus caucasicus subspecies and most similar species in Anatolia: (i) filled shapes represent the samples recorded localities by authors (filled circles represent the records of P. c. caucasicus; filled triangle represent the record of P. suphani sp. n.); (ii) non-filled shape represent the location of samples in different literature (non-filled circles represent the records of P. c. caucasicus; non-filled quadrangle represent the record of P. c. anatolicus; non-filled astral represent the record of P. salmani (see Table 1 )).

FIGURE 5. Pronotum-head, Psorodonotus suphani sp. n. (A) Male; (B) Female, P. caucasicus caucasicus Bayburt population (C) Male; (D) Female, Trabzon population (E) Male; (F) Female.

FIGURE 6. Subgenital plate, Psorodonotus suphani sp. n. (A) Male; (B) Female, P. caucasicus caucasicus Bayburt population (C) Male; (D) Female, Trabzon population (E) Male; (F) Female.

FIGURE 7. Male titilators of (A) Psorodonotus suphani sp. n., (B) P. caucasicus caucasicus Bayburt population and (C) P. c. caucasicus Trabzon population.

FIGURES 2 – 4. Male habitus (A) Female habitus (B) Male cercus (C) and Ovipositor (D). 2 — Psorodonotus suphani sp. n., 3 — P. caucasicus caucasicus Bayburt population and 4 — P. c. caucasicus Trabzon population. (Scale A, B and D = 2 cm, Scale C = 5 mm).

Tables

TABLE 2. Means and standard deviations for 11 morphometric characters and number of stridulatory pegs, tooth of first and second femora measured from males representing 3 populations belonging to P. suphani sp. n. and P. caucasicus caucasicus.

LP MAWP	14.60–15.10 (14.75±0.24) 7.50–7.60 (7.52±0.05)	11.40–12.30 (11.84±0.31) 5.70–6.20 (6.01±0.18)	11.70–12.30 (12.00±0.30) 6.90–7.30 (7.13±0.21)
MIWP MWF MWS	5.30–5.40 (5.37±0.05) 3.20–3.20 (3.20±0.00) 1.10–1.30 (1.20±0.08)	3.70–3.90 (3.80±0.10) 2.20–2.60 (2.41±0.15) 0.80–0.90 (0.86±0.05)	4.40–4.80 (4.60±0.20) 2.80–3.20 (2.93±0.15) 1.00–1.10 (1.07±0.58)
TL	9.50–10.30 (9.97±0.36)	7.90–8.80 (8.27±0.28)	8.90–9.20 (9.07±0.15)

TABLE 3. Means and standard deviations for 13 morphometric characters and tooth of first and second femora measured from females representing 3 populations belonging to P. suphani sp. n. and P. caucasicus caucasicus.

P. suphani sp. n. Characters mm (Bitlis) range (m±sd) (N=4)	P. caucasicus caucasicus (Bayburt) (N=4)	(Trabzon) (N=4)
BL 36.00–40.00 (37.75±1.71) LP 14.60–14.90 (14.72±0.15) MAWP 7.70–7.90 (7.77±0.09)	32.00–37.00 (35.12±2.39) 14.20–14.80 (14.55±0.26) 7.00–7.20 (7.07±0.09)	39.00–41.00 (40.15±0.83) 12.80–13.20 (13.05±0.19) 7.10–7.40 (7.27±0.12)
MIWP 4.90–5.00 (4.92±0.05) MWF 3.60–3.70 (3.62±0.05) MWS 1.20–1.20 (1.20±0.00)	5.40–5.70 (5.52±0.15) 3.20–3.30 (3.22±0.05) 1.10–1.10 (1.10±0.00)	5.00–5.40 (5.20±0.18) 3.20–3.30 (3.23±0.05) 1.10–1.20 (1.13±0.05)
TL 4.90–5.20 (5.05±0.13) LHF 26.90–27.20 (27.02±0.13) MWHF 4.90–5.10 (5.00±0.08)	4.10–4.50 (4.32±0.17) 26.00–28.00 (26.50±1.00) 4.90–5.40 (5.15±0.21)	4.10–4.30 (4.23±0.09) 26.00–27.30 (26.70±0.54) 5.30–5.60 (5.47±0.12)
LC 2.10–2.20 (2.15±0.06) MWC 0.70–0.80 (0.72±0.05) LO 28.70–29.30 (29.02±0.28)	2.00–2.20 (2.05±0.10) 0.90–0.90 (0.90±0.00) 25.50–29.30 (27.75±1.62)	2.10–2.30 (2.25±0.10) 0.80–0.90 (0.85±0.05) 25.50–28.40 (27.03±1.51)
MWO 4.20–4.40 (4.30±0.08) TNFF 5.00–5.00 (5.00±0.00) TNSF 4.00–6.00 (5.00±0.82)	4.00–4.40 (4.22±0.17) 3.00–3.00 (3.00±0.00) 3.00–3.00 (3.00±0.00)	3.80–4.50 (4.15±0.35) 2.00–3.00 (2.25±0.5) 3.00–3.00 (3.00±0.00)
N—number of individual. m—Mean; sd—Standard deviation.