Papilioninae, Latreille, 1802

Bland, Keith P., 2019, Name-bearing types of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea), in the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh, Zootaxa 4559 (1), pp. 57-89 : 66-68

Papilioninae

Papilio BITIAS Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [39]. Junior primary homonym of Papilio bitias Cramer, 1777 and subjective synonym of Papilio eurotas C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 . Current accepted combination: Pterourus menatius (Hübner, [1819]) ssp. eurotas (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntype, male, pinned: Specimen data: “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | Bitias | 14” [Handwritten]. “Compared | with B.M. | specimen” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | bitias, Godt. | CO-TYPE” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw)]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 73” on verso “ Papilio aristeus Cram. | form bitias Godart |? TYPE ” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Remarks : This specimen, although not carrying a handwritten Godart label, is clearly the specimen indicated in the Dufresne catalogue as being present in the collection before its transfer to Scotland. It is thus a syntype as indicated by Grimshaw (1897). The type locality is given as “l’Amérique méridionale” [South America] .

Papilio EURYMAS Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [34]. Junior subjective synonym of Parides lysander (Cramer, 1775) (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntypes, 1 female and 1 male, pinned: Specimen data: Specimen reg.no.75: “Eurymas. | Lysander Cram ” [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse bluish paper]. “Dufresne.” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | eurymas | 19” [Handwritten]. “TYPE SPECIMEN” [Printed in red on oblong label]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 75” on verso “ Papilio lysander Cram. |?CO-TYPE of | eurymas Godart ” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Specimen reg.no. 76: All labels as ♀ above but registration no. 1936-50 76. [Specimen reg.no.77: “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso blank! “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 77” on verso “ Papilio lysander Cram. |?CO-TYPE of | eurymas Godart ” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper.] Remarks: Specimens No.75 and 76 are unambiguously the two specimens, referred to in the Dufresne collection catalogue, to which Godart appended the name “ Papilio eurymas ” and are thus syntypes. Type locality is given as “la Guyane ” [ French Guiana]. [Specimen no.77 is presumably the specimen whose entry in the catalogue is immediately prior to Papilio eurymas . In the catalogue, as on the specimen label, the name of this species is left blank, indicating that it was not considered to be P.eurymas - it thus has no type status.]

Papilio IMERIUS Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [69]. Current accepted combination: Heraclides pelaus Fabricius, (1775) ssp. imerius (Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819) (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntype, male, pinned (both antennae, abdomen and left hindwing tail missing): Specimen data: “imérius” [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse bluish paper]. “ TYPE ” [Handwritten on oval pink label]. “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | Imerius | 46” [Handwritten]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 80” on verso “ Papilio pelaus Fab. | form imerius | Godart |? TYPE ” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Remarks : Unambiguously the single specimen from the Dufresne collection seen by Godart and thus a syntype. The type locality is given as “les Indes orientales” [The East Indies]. This is another subspecies endemic to Hispaniola ( Haiti and Dominican Republic) .

Papilio LEUCASPIS Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [55]. Current accepted combination: Eurytides leucaspis leucaspis (Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819) (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntype, male, pinned (both antennae missing): Specimen data: “Leucaspis.” [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse bluish paper]. “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | Leucaspis | 66” [Handwritten]. “ TYPE ” [Handwritten on pink oval label]. “Dufresne | 1935-50 | 78” on verso “ Papilio leucaspis | Godart | TYPE ” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Remark s: The original Dufresne collection catalogue indicates only a single specimen in the collection. Godart’s original description indicates that he saw this specimen (confirmed by this handwritten label) but also implies that other specimens were seen. The above specimen is thus one of a series of syntypes. Type locality is given as “Pérou” [ Peru] .

Papilio LYCORAEUS Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [63–64]. Junior subjective synonym of Heraclides machaonides (Esper, 1796) (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntype, female, pinned (both antennae missing): Specimen data: “Lycoraeus” [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse bluish paper]. “TYPE” [Handwritten on pink oval label]. “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | lycorieus [sic] | 54” [Handwritten]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 79” on verso “ Papilio machaonides | Esper |? CO-TYPE of | lycoraeus Godart” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Accompanied by label “Type in Paris according to Lepidopterorum | Catalogus Pars 37, 406 (1930) | (C.W.N.H[olmes]. 1981).” Remarks: This specimen is unambiguously part of the type series. The type locality is given as “Amérique” [America].

Papilio ophidicephalus Oberthür, 1878 ssp. MKUWADZI Gifford, 1961

The Entomologist 94, 287–289 [288–289], plate B, figure 58. Current accepted combination: Papilio (Princeps) ophidicephalus Oberthür, 1878 ssp. mkuwadzi Gifford, 1961 (see Bridges, 1988b).

Holotype, male, pinned (terminal part of abdomen on genitalia slide): also allotype ♀ and paratype ♂, both pinned. Specimen data: Specimen a: “Type” [Round, red-bordered label]. “Mkuwadzi | Nkata Bay | Nyasaland | 3.v.56 ” [Handwritten]. “ P.ophidicephalus | ssp. mkuwadzi nov | det. D.R.Gifford 1961 | Holotype ♂ ” [Handwritten (by Gifford)]. “Gifford | RSM 1961.12” [Handwritten]. Genitalia slide with same data. Specimen b: “Type” [Round, red-bordered label]. “Kalwe | Nkata Bay | 28.iv.56 | Nyasaland ” [Handwritten]. “ P.ophidicephalus | ssp. mkuwadzi nov | ♀ Allotype | det. D.R.Gifford 1961 ” [Handwritten (by Gifford)]. “Gifford | RSM 1961.12” [Handwritten]. Specimen c: “ Paratype ” [Round, yellow-bordered label].” NKATA BAY. NYASA | Elev. 1800’ | Date. 2-iii-54 | J.D.Handman.” “ Nyasaland | J.D.Handman coll. | 1960.7.” “ P.ophidicephalus | ssp. mkuwadzi nov | ♂ Paratype | det. D.R.Gifford 1961 ” [Handwritten (by Gifford)]. Remarks: These three specimens are unambiguously Gifford’s holotype, allotype and a male paratype of mkuwadzi. There is a coloured illustration of the paratype in Plate B, figure 28 ( Gifford, 1965).

Papilio ONPAPE Moore, 1878 [1879]

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for 1878 (4), 821–859 [840]. Junior subjective synonym of Papilio clytia clytia Linnaeus, 1758 (see Cotton & Racheli, 2006).

Syntype, male, pinned: Specimen data: “Hatsiega” [Handwritten]. “ Papilio | Onpape. Moore” [Handwritten]. “Clive-Bayley | 1913-72 ” [Printed]. Remarks: This specimen is obviously part of the type series collected on the Upper Tenasserim Expedition of 1876-77 and is from the first of the three localities given in the original description.

Papilio POLYMETUS Godart , in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [35] Current accepted combination: Parides zacynthus (Fabricius, 1793) ssp. polymetus (Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819) (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntype, female, pinned (left antenna missing): Specimen data: “polymétus” [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse greenish paper]. “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | polymetus | 22” [Handwritten]. “ TYPE ” [Handwritten on oval pink label]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 81” on verso “ Papilio polymetus | Godart |?CO-TYPE” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Accompanied by label “This specimen is zacynthus zacynthus , | the form from Rio de Janeiro, and not | z. polymetus . Presumably it was sent to | dealers in the lower Amazon area and was | included in material from that area. | C.W.N.H[olmes]. 12|5|81”. Remarks : Godart’s handwritten label confirms that this specimen is a syntype of Papilio polymetus Godart. Only a single specimen is indicated in the Catalogue as having been present in the Dufresne collection. The type locality is given by Godart (1819) as “au Brésil & au Pérou ” [in Brazil and in Peru], thus other syntypes existed .

Papilio TEMENES Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [63]. Current accepted combination: Heraclides aristodemus (Esper, 1794) ssp. temenes (Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819) (see Lamas, 2004).

Syntype, male, pinned (left hindwing tail missing): Specimen data: “témène | temenes”. [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse bluish paper]. “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | temenes | 58” [Handwritten]. “ TYPE ” [Handwritten on oval pink label]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 74” on verso “ Papilio temenes | Godart |?CO-TYPE” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Remarks : This specimen is undoubtedly the single specimen present in the Dufresne collection when seen by Godart and so is a syntype. The type locality is given as “aux Antilles & dans l’Amérique septentrionale” [in the Antilles and in North America] indicating that he also had other specimens available to him .

Papilio TRIOPAS Godart, in Latreille & Godart, 1819

Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle [Zoologie] 9. Entomologie i–328 [33]. Junior primary homonym of Papilio triopas Stoll, 1780 and thus not available. A replacement name, of Parides ygdrasilla , was given by Hemming (1935). Current accepted combination: Parides chabrias (Hewitson, 1852) ssp. ygdrasilla Hemming, 1935 (see Lamas, 2004).

Holotype, female, pinned (tips of both antennae missing and both hindwings broken): Specimen data: “triopas” [Handwritten (by Godart) on coarse bluish paper]. “Dufresne” [Printed] on verso “ Papilio | triopas | 26” [Handwritten]. “ TYPE ” [Handwritten on oval pink label]. “Dufresne | 1936-50 | 82” on verso “ Papilio triopas | Godart TYPE ” [Handwritten (by Grimshaw) on mauve paper]. Remarks: Originally described by Godart from “un individu appartenant à M.Dufresne ”. This is the unique specimen from the Dufresne collection and hence is the holotype. The type locality is unknown.