Sphendononema guildingii (Newport, 1845)

Chagas-Jr, Amazonas & Bichuette, Maria Elina, 2018, A synopsis of centipedes in Brazilian caves: hidden species diversity that needs conservation (Myriapoda, Chilopoda), ZooKeys 737, pp. 13-56 : 14-16

Sphendononema guildingii (Newport, 1845)

Published records.

None.

Material examined.

PARÁ: Parauapebas (Equatorial Rainforest and " Campos Rupestres "), Iron Ore: Gruta N 5E 02, Gruta N 5E 09, Gruta N 5S 20, (MNRJ) 4 spec, 22.iii-03.iv.2005, Andrade, R. & Arnone, IS; Gruta N 5S 02, Gruta N 5S 06, (MNRJ) 4 spec, 03-13.v.2005, Andrade, R. & Arnone, I; Gruta S 11C 14, Gruta S 11D 96, Gruta S 11D 01, Gruta S 11B 49, Gruta S 11B 23, Gruta S 11D 12, Gruta S 11B 13, Gruta S 11A 26, Gruta S 11A 26, Gruta S 11C 08, Gruta S 11D 39, Gruta S 11D 55, Gruta S 11 D10, (MNRJ) 26 spec, 23.viii-02.ix.2007, Andrade, R.; Gruta N1 22, Gruta N1 37, Gruta N 1 173, Gruta N1 25, Gruta N1 37, (MNRJ) 11 spec, 28.ix-03.x.2007, Andrade, R.; Gruta N 5S 37 CL; Gruta N 4E 14 AF; Gruta N 4E 10AF; Gruta N 5S 8AF; Gruta N 5 S 5 8 AF; Gruta N 5S 21AF; Gruta N 4E 26AF; Gruta N 4E 61CL; Gruta N 4E 26 CL; Gruta N 4E 61 AF; Gruta N 5S 8 CL; (MNRJ) 18 spec, 07-12.x.2008, Andrade, R. et al.; Gruta GEM 1578 CL, (MNRJ) 3 spec, 17-24.x.2008; Curionópolis ( Equatorial Rainforest and " Campos Rupestres "), Iron Ore : Gruta SL 74 CL, (MNRJ) 4 spec, 17-24.x.2008, Andrade, R. et al.; Canaã dos Carajás ( Equatorial Rainforest and " Campos Rupestres "), Iron Ore : Gruta NV 06, (MNRJ) 1 spec, 22-28.ii.2005, Andrade, R., Arnone, I.; Gruta S 11C 0124, Gruta S 11C 0147, Gruta S 11C 0153, (UFMT) 4 spec, 01-08.viii.2015, BioEspeleo Consultoria Ambiental ; Caverna ST 0068, (UFMT) 1 spec, 26.i.2016, BioEspeleo Consultoria Ambiental ; Altamira ( Equatorial Rainforest ), Sandstone and Shale : Caverna Leonardo da Vinci , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, xii.2010, Bichuette, ME., Gallão, JE., von Schimonsky, DM.; Abrigo Paratizinho , (UFSCAR) 2 spec, 04.iv.2011, Bichuette, ME., Gallão, JE., Pedroso, DR., von Schimonsky, DM. GOIÁS: Sao Domingos ( Cerrado ), Limestone : Lapa Sao Mateus-Imbira III, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 11.vii.1988, Gregeo UnB, Vendramini, G.; (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 13.ii.2012, Bichuette, ME.; Lapa Angelica , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 20.iv.2011 and (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 21.iv.2011, Bichuette, ME.; (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 31.x.2012, Bichuette, ME.; Caverna Sumidouro I, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 25.iv.2012 and (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 17.vi.2012, von Schimonsky, DM., Gallão, JE., Fernandes, CS; Formosa ( Cerrado ), Limestone : Buraco das Araras, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 06.x.2011, Vidal, G.M.; Mambaí ( Cerrado ), Limestone : Gruta Judite , (UFSCAR) 2 spec, 01.v.2013, Bichuette, ME., Gallão, JE., von Schimonsky, DM., Rizzato, PP., Borghezan, R.; Gruta Pasto de Vacas , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 02.v.2013, Bichuette, ME., Gallão, JE., von Schimonsky, DM., Rizzato, PP., Borghezan, R.; MATO GROSSO: Nobres ( Cerrado ), Limestone : Toca da Serra Rica , (UFSCAR) 3 spec, 04.v.2015, Bichuette, ME., Chagas-Jr, A., Nunes, GA.; Toca do Sorvete , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 06.v.2015, Bichuette, ME., Chagas-Jr, A., Nunes, GA.; Mato Grosso DO SUL: Bonito ( Cerrado ), Limestone : Gruta Sao Mateus , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 26.vi.2012, Cordeiro, LM., Borghezan, R.; SERGIPE: Japaratuba ( “Restinga” - Atlantic Forest and coastal vegetation), Limestone : Caverna Casa do Caboclo , (UFSCAR) 2 spec, 19.x.2014, Bichuette, ME.; Simao Dias ( Caatinga ), Limestone : Toca da Raposa , (UFSCAR) 2 spec, 19.x.2014, Bichuette, ME.; BAHIA: Carinhanha ( Caatinga ), Limestone : Gruna das Três Cobras, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 10.ix.2008, Bichuette, ME.; Gruna Google , (UFSCAR) 2 spec, 13.ix.2008, Bichuette, ME.; Gruna Vila Nova , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 26.vii.2012, Bichuette, ME., Gallão, JE., Rizzato, PP.; Gruna das Três Cobras, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 30.v.2012, Bichuette, ME., Gallão, JE.; Caverna Bem Bom , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 28.xi.2015, Gallão, JE., Bichuette, ME.; Andaraí (" Campos rupestres" highland heterogeneous vegetation on rocks), Sandstone : Gruna dos Torras, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 19.i.2007, Bichuette, ME.; Coribe ( Caatinga ), Limestone : Gruna do Enfurnado , (UFSCAR) 2 spec, ix.2007, Trajano, E., Sansone, D.; MINAS GERAIS: Januária ( Cerrado-Caatinga transition), Limestone : Gruta do Janelao , (UFSCAR) 5 spec, 22.vii.2012, Bichuette, ME.; Itacarambi ( Cerrado-Caatinga transition), Limestone : Lapa do Branco I, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, vi.2014 by Monte , BGO.; Lapa do Cipo , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 10.iv.2015, Gallão, JE., Monte , BGO and (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 26.viii.2014, Bolfarini, MP., Monte , BGO.; Caverna Troncos , (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 11.iv.2015, Gallão, JE., Monte , BGO.; SÃO PAULO: Altinópolis ( Cerrado and Semidecidous seasonal forest), Sandstone : Gruta Itambé, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 30.vi.2011, Bichuette, ME.; Caverna Olho de Cabra, (UFSCAR) 1 spec, 23.viii.2016, Gallo, JS., Mello, RV, Ferro, JP .

Taxonomic notes.

Sphendononema guildingii is among the most common centipedes in Brazilian caves. Two specimens from Caverna Casa do Caboclo in Sergipe state, northeastern Brazil exhibit different tergal pigmentation patterns and might not be conspecifics of S. guildingii .

Distribution.

This species is widespread in Brazil, found in almost all states, except Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. Classified as a troglophile, S. guildingii was observed in limestone, quartzitic, sandstone, and iron ore caves.

Habitat.

Cave (rocky substrate).

Conservation.

Despite its wide distribution, the species is under threat because mining and/or hydroelectrical projects are affecting numerous cave habitats (e.g., in Pará and Minas Gerais states). Combined with their low-medium abundance and the lack of ecological or molecular studies, protection for this species should be considered.