Martes americana Turton 1806

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Carnivora, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 532-628 : 608

Martes americana Turton 1806

Martes americana Turton 1806 , in: Linnaeus, Gen. Syst. Nat., Vol. 1: 60.

Type Locality: "North America".

Vernacular Names: American Marten.

Subspecies: :

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. americana Turton 1806

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. abieticola Preble 1902

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. abietinoides Gray 1865

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. actuosa Osgood 1900

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. atrata Bangs 1897

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. caurina Merriam 1890

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. humboldtensis Grinnell and Dixon 1926

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. kenaiensis Elliot 1903

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. nesophila Osgood 1901

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. origensis Rhoads 1902

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. sierrae Grinnell and Storer 1916

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. vancourverensis Grinnell and Dixon 1926

Subspecies Martes americana subsp. vulpina Rafinesque 1819

Distribution: Canada, USA (Alaska to N California, south in the Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mtns to 35°N, Maine, Minnesota, New York).

Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).

Discussion: May be conspecific with martes , melampus , and zibellina ( Anderson, 1970; Hagmeier, 1961). Reviewed by Clark et al. (1987) who considered New World forms as a distinct species agreeing with Youngman (1975). Carr and Hicks (1997) recognized two distinct species based on genetic data ( M. americana – Eastern North America; M. caurina – Pacific Northwest and the Great Plains). However, most have recognized that there are two distinct subspecies groups – " caurina " and " americana " ( Anderson, 1970; Clark et al., 1987; Graham and Graham, 1994; Hagmeier, 1961; Stone and Cook, 2002). Synonyms allocated according to Hall (1981) and Clark et al. (1987). Stone and Cook (2002) placed in the subgenus Martes .