Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940

Kury, Adriano B. & Araujo, Débora C., 2021, On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae), Zootaxa 4984 (1), pp. 148-181 : 157-160

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7824C701-1F8E-4837-BE16-FF83ADD4481A

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4926811

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2A-FF95-FFD6-1C8D-F959DA45F890

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940
status

 

Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940

Figs 3 View FIGURES 3 , 5–9 View FIGURES 5 View FIGURES 6 View FIGURES 7 View FIGURES 8 View FIGURES 9

Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão 1940: 102 . Kury 2014: 10.

Type material examined. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: H olotype ♂ ( MNRJ 94 ), Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias : Pilar .

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♂ ( MNRJ 4508 ) Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca , A.P.L. Giupponi, R.L.C. Baptista & D.R. Pedroso leg. 2001 ; 1 ♂ ( MNRJ 4796 ) Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca: Trilha do Alto da Bandeira , A.P.L. Giupponi & D.R. Pedroso leg. 15.10.1999 ; 7 ♂, 6 ♀ ( MNRJ 2251 ), Nova Iguaçu, Tinguá, farm adjacent to REBIO do Tinguá , 22°39’15.38”S, 43°26’16.76”W [39 m elevation], A. Chagas, A.P.L. Giupponi, A.B. Kury & C. Sampaio leg. 11.3.2010 GoogleMaps .

Literature records. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca; Nova Iguaçu, Tinguá, farm adjacent to REBIO do Tinguá ( Kury 2014).

Diagnosis. May be distinguished from all other Spinopilar by the male Ti IV shaped like a baguette ( Figs 3A, D, F View FIGURES 3 ) and the ocularium low, with spine tilted backwards ( Figs 5F–G View FIGURES 5 ). Differs from other species (except S. martialis and S. magistralis ) by the fusiform Mt IV of male ( Figs 3D–F View FIGURES 3 ).

Complementary description. Male (MNRJ 2251, contrasted with female (MNRJ 2251). Measurements: CL = 0.66, CW = 0.99, AL = 1.03, AW = 1.58. Fe I = 0.89, Fe II = 1.43, Fe III = 1.22, Fe IV = 1.65.

Dorsum ( Figs 3A, C–D View FIGURES 3 , 5A, F–G View FIGURES 5 ). Dorsal scutum roughly bell-shaped: abdominal scutum wider than carapace with sides almost parallel. Carapace with well-marked C-shaped groove, entirely smooth; lateral ridges deep; preocular mound very high, with scattered acuminate tubercles. Ocularium low, stadium-shaped, situated in the middle of the carapace, armed with erect acuminate spiniform apophysis tilted backwards. Lateral margins of scutum with 2 irregular rows of setiferous tubercles extending from area I to area V. Mesotergum divided into 4 areas by deep substraight grooves. Median armature of areas I–IV increasing in size backwards. Scutal areas I–IV each armed with a pair of paramedian blunt tubercles. Area V and free tergites I–III each with a transversal row of 10–20 subequal acuminate tubercles. Anal operculum with uniformly distributed rounded tubercles.

Venter ( Figs 5B, E View FIGURES 5 , 6A–D View FIGURES 6 ). Coxae I–IV and stigmatic area densely covered by stout setiferous tubercles. Free sternites each with row of setiferous tubercles. Cx I to III arched, transversal to main body axis; Cx II curved around Cx I, almost as wide as coxae I and III, in situ much longer than Cx III. Cx II and III delimit a narrow sternum. Maxillary lobe of Cx II as a small triangle. Cx I movable. Cx II linked to Cx III by two pairs of unequal lateral tubercular bridges; Cx III linked to Cx IV by six pairs of large lateral tubercular bridges. Cx IV slanted, barely larger than all others combined. Stigmatic area roughly Y-shaped, only faintly separated from Cx IV, fused to sternite II, with lateral grooves highlighting the stigmata ( Figs 5B View FIGURES 5 , 6A View FIGURES 6 ). Posterior margin of complex stigmatic area + sternite II without median lobe. Stigmata small, entirely transversal and free ( Fig. 6A View FIGURES 6 ). Cx IV, Tr IV and stigmatic area forming a ventral complex of 3 overlaid apophyses as follows: (1) Cx IV has a weakly biramous apophysis, mesal branch short rounded, applied against stigmatic apophysis and ectal branch as a fasciolate hyaline truncated apophysis (FAp, sensu Kury 2014) applicable against Tr IV ( Figs 6B, D View FIGURES 6 ); (2) stigmatic area has a robust lateral spade-shaped protuberance truncated in the apex ( Fig. 6B View FIGURES 6 ); (3) Tr IV (densely covered by scaly tubercles) has a ventro-mesal apical stout apophysis with truncate apex, widely surpassing stigmatic protuberance 2, and in mid-length with a secondary branch as a FAp, matching corresponding FAp of Cx IV ( Fig. 6B View FIGURES 6 ). Tr IV furthermore has a cluster of 4 meso-basal very thick striated setae (primary trochanteral cluster, PTC, Figs 6B, C View FIGURES 6 ) and a secondary cluster (STC) of two such setae associated with FAp ( Fig. 6B View FIGURES 6 ).

Chelicera/Pedipalp ( Figs 7A–D View FIGURES 7 ). Basichelicerite with well-developed bulla, separated from peduncle by a narrow waist. Its mesal surface covered with patches of denticles. Cheliceral hand weak, monomorphic. Pp Tr with 1 large ve megaspine, Fe with 2 small megaspines, Pa unarmed. Pp Fe cylindrical, only gently convex dorsally and moderately compressed, without stridulatory organ. Spination of Pp cage: Ti mesal IiIi, ectal IÎi, Ta mesal IiIi, ectal IiIi.

Legs. Cx IV: immensely developed, expanding greatly laterally and posteriorly reaching posterior border of scutum, armed with a distal prodorsal spiniform apophysis ( Fig. 5A View FIGURES 5 ) and retroventral FAp ( Figs 6B, D View FIGURES 6 ). Tr IV: extremely robust, armed with a huge recurved retrolateral apophysis bearing inner FAp ( Figs 6A–B View FIGURES 6 ) and retrolateral PTC formed by four striated setae ( Figs 6B–C View FIGURES 6 ). Fe IV ( Figs 5E View FIGURES 5 , 6A View FIGURES 6 , 8B–D View FIGURES 8 ): cylindrical, substraight, bearing several rows of apophyses of varied size, mostly small, the larger ones are a retrolateral row, a few dorsobasal ones and a pair of retroventral and proventral spurs. Ti IV ( Figs 3A, D, F View FIGURES 3 ): uniformly incrassate, much thicker than Fe; unarmed except for retroapical spur. Mt IV ( Figs 3D–F View FIGURES 3 ): basal two-thirds spindle-shaped swollen. Tarsal counts: 5(3)/6(3)/5/6.

Genitalia. Distal part of truncus abruptly bent as a botuliform oblique malleus (so that original dorsal surface is now apical and original apical is now ventral) and an erect large lamina parva (LP) ( Fig. 9A View FIGURES 9 ). Well-developed haematodocha (hyaline button of Kury 2014) present at dorsal transition zone between truncus and malleus ( Figs 9A, C View FIGURES 9 ). Lamina parva prismatic, subrectangular (in ventral view) with rounded corners ( Figs 9B, D View FIGURES 9 ). Nine pairs of macrosetae (MS) A to E arranged as follows: MS A1 stout, inserted on latero-apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP ( Figs 9C, G View FIGURES 9 ). MS A2 stout, inserted on apical surface of malleus, close to the base of follis ( Figs 9C, H View FIGURES 9 ). MS B1 as strong as A1–A2, located in the middle of lateral surface of malleus, next to A1 ( Fig. 9C View FIGURES 9 ). MS C1–C3 short, striated, inserted close to each other, located on the ventro-latero-distal edge of LP ( Figs 9C–D, G View FIGURES 9 ). MS D1 very short, located of the lateral surface of LP, close to C3 ( Figs 9C–D View FIGURES 9 ). MS E1–E2 similar in size to MS C, forming a quadrangle on ventro-distal surface of LP, E2 much larger than E1 ( Fig. 9D View FIGURES 9 ). Follis columnar, turgid, without folds or grooves and with a terminal harder ring ( Fig. 9H View FIGURES 9 ). Stylus smooth and simple, without dorsal accessory plate (DAPG), without head (but with tapering apex), slightly sinuous ( Figs 9E–F View FIGURES 9 ). Skirt ungrooved, crescent-shaped, without an axis, radiating in dorsal view around a hollow center, with serrate margins ( Figs 9E, F View FIGURES 9 ).

Sexual dimorphism. Female ( Fig. 3B View FIGURES 3 ) in general color and proportions of body/appendages (except leg IV) very similar to male.

Dimorphism in outline of dorsal scutum, lobes of sternites absent, armature of leg IV much reduced. Dorsal scutum: in male typical gamma; in female modified gamma, with posterior half strongly flaring. Cx IV in female much reduced, barely surpassing dorsal scutum in dorsal view and posteriorly barely reaching mesotergal area II, unarmed.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Opiliones

Family

Gonyleptidae

Genus

Spinopilar

Loc

Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940

Kury, Adriano B. & Araujo, Débora C. 2021
2021
Loc

Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão 1940: 102

Kury, A. B. 2014: 10
Mello-Leitao, C. F. de 1940: 102
1940
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