Enicospilus sharkeyi Shimizu, 2020

Shimizu, So, Broad, Gavin R. & Maeto, Kaoru, 2020, Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan, ZooKeys 990, pp. 1-144 : 1

Enicospilus sharkeyi Shimizu sp. nov. Figure 43

Etymology.

The specific name is dedicated to Dr Michael Sharkey (University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA) who collected many of the type series.

Type series.

Total of 25 specimens (15♀♀10♂♂): Japan (15♀♀10♂♂).

HT: ♀, Mt. Tsurugi-yama (33°51'50.8"N, 134°04'42.4"E, 1,250 m alt.), Higashiiyasugeoi, Miyoshi City, Tokushima Pref., Shikoku, JAPAN, 22.VIII.2015, Y. Kitayama leg. (LT) (MNHA, SEN145-DDBJ-LC486393).

PT: 1♀, Hitsujigaoka (43°00'N 141°24'E), Sapporo City, Hokkaidô, JAPAN, 18-25.VIII.2008, K. Konishi leg. (MsT) (EUM, SEN33-DDBJ-LC486392); 2♀♀, Hitsujigaoka (43°00'N 141°24'E), Sapporo City, Hokkaidô, JAPAN, 14-21.VII.2008, K. Konishi leg. (MsT) (EUM); 2♀♀, Kamegai (330 m alt.), Toyama City, Toyama Pref., Hokuriku, JAPAN, 28.VII-4.VIII.2009 (1♀), 25.VIII-1.IX.2009 (1♀), M. Watanabe leg. (MsT) (KPMNH); 2♂♂, Kiyotaki, Nikkô City, Tochigi Pref., Kantô-Kôshin, JAPAN, 8.VII.1977 (LT) (NIAES); 1♂, Shirane-onsen, Katashina Vil., Gunma Pref., Kantô-Kôshin, JAPAN, 12.VII.1991, M. Yoshida leg. (LT) (NIAES);1♀, Mt. Fujiwaradake, Mie Pref., Tôkai, JAPAN, 3.IX.1996, A. Kawazoe leg. (KPMNH); 1♀, Takaosan, Kyôto Pref., Kinki, JAPAN, 1.X.1958 (MNHA-SMCM); 1♀, Kogagawa, Wakayama Pref., Kinki, JAPAN, 20.IX.1957, S. Momoi leg. (MNHA-SMCM); 1♂, Teragawa, Hongawa, Kôchi Pref., Shikoku, JAPAN, 25.VII.1991, I. Yamashita leg. (NIAES); 3♀♀4♂♂, Mt. Hiko (700 m alt.), Fukuoka Pref., Kyûshû, JAPAN, 29.V-9.VI.1989 (1♂), 9.VI.1989 (1♂), 29.VI-10.VII.1989 (2♂♂), 10-20.VII.1989 (1♀), 11-18.IX.1989 (1♀), 18-25.IX.1989 (1♀), K. Takeno & M. Sharkey leg. (EMUS); 2♀♀1♂, Yufuin, Ōita Pref., Kyûshû, JAPAN, 4.VII.1981, S. Yoshimatsu leg. (NIAES); 1♀, Hacchobaru, Mts. Kujû, Ōita Pref., Kyûshû, JAPAN, 14.VII.1984, S. Yoshimatsu leg. (LT) (NIAES); 1♂, Yunoo, Kirishima, Kagoshima Pref., Kyûshû, JAPAN, 3.VII.1958, H. Maebara leg. (MNHA-SMCM).

Distribution.

Eastern Palaearctic region.

JAPAN: [ Hokkaidô]; [Hokuriku] Toyama; [ Kantô-Kôshin] Tochigi and Gunma; [ Tôkai] Mie; [Kinki] Kyôto and Wakayama; [Shikoku] Tokushima and Kôchi; [ Kyûshû] Fukuoka, Ōita, and Kagoshima.

Bionomics.

Unknown.

Differential diagnosis.

This species has a very similar colour pattern to E. combustus and some specimens have been misidentified as E. combustus . The two species can be distinguished by many characters, such as (in E. sharkeyi sp. nov.) shorter and stouter mandible (Fig. 43B, D ), confluent proximal and distal sclerites (Fig. 43F ), smaller central sclerites (Fig. 43F ), etc. Enicospilus sharkeyi sp. nov. also resembles E. ramidulus and E. melanocarpus in morphology, but can readily be separated by the darker mesosoma (Fig. 43A, E ), narrower face (Fig. 43B ), etc.

Description.

Female (n = 15). Body length 19.0-22.5 (HT: ca. 21.0) mm.

Head with GOI = 2.3-2.6 (HT: 2.5) (Fig. 43D ). Lower face 0.7-0.8 × (HT: 0.8) as wide as high, strongly shiny, punctate with rather long setae (Fig. 43B, D ). Clypeus 1.4-1.7 × (HT: 1.6) as wide as high, punctate with setae, entirely moderately convex in profile, ventral margin impressed (Fig. 43B, D ). Malar space 0.3-0.4 × (HT: 0.3) as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 43B, D ). Mandible moderately twisted by 20-30° (HT: ca. 25°), moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface with diagonal setose groove (Fig. 43B, D ). Upper tooth of mandible 1.5-1.7 × (HT: 1.5) as long as lower (Fig. 43B ). Frons, vertex, and gena strongly shiny with fine setae (Fig. 43B-D ). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 43B-D ). Ventral end of occipital carina joining oral carina. Antennae with 56-60 (HT: 58) flagellomeres; first flagellomere 1.6-1.8 × (HT: 1.8) as long as second; 20th flagellomere 2.3-2.8 × (HT: 2.3) as long as wide.

Mesosoma entirely shiny with setae (Fig. 43E ). Pronotum diagonally wrinkled to punctate (Fig. 43E ). Mesoscutum 1.4-1.5 × (HT: 1.5) as long as maximum width, moderately shiny and finely punctate to smooth with setae, and evenly rounded in profile (Fig. 43E ). Notauli absent (Fig. 43E ). Scutellum moderately convex, smooth, with lateral longitudinal carinae along anterior 0.7-1.0 (HT: 1.0) of scutellum. Epicnemium densely punctate with setae. Epicnemial carina slightly curved and inclined to anterior, dorsal end close to anterior margin of mesopleuron but not reaching (Fig. 43E ). Mesopleuron entirely longitudinally wrinkled to punctostriate (Fig. 43E ). Submetapleural carina weakly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 43E ). Metapleuron densely punctate (Fig. 43E ). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area finely punctate with fine setae; posterior area moderately wrinkled; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 43E ).

Wings (Fig. 43F ). Fore wing length 12.0-13.5 (HT: ca. 13.0) mm with AI = 0.3-0.4 (HT: 0.4), CI = 0.3-0.4 (HT: 0.4), DI = 0.4, ICI = 0.3-0.4 (HT: 0.4), SDI = 1.2-1.3 (HT: 1.3), SI = 0.1, SRI = 0.3; vein 1m-cu&M slightly sinuous; vein 2r&RS almost straight; vein RS evenly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 43F ; proximal sclerite triangular, strongly pigmented, confluent with strongly pigmented distal sclerite; central sclerite suboval, small and less than 1.0 × as wide as maximum thickness of 2r&RS, strongly pigmented, and positioned in medio-distal part of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell 70-85° (HT: ca. 85°) and of subbasal cell 85-90° (HT: ca. 85°); vein 1cu-a subinterstitial or antefurcal to M&RS by less than 0.2 × length of 1cu-a (HT: antefurcal by 0.2 ×). Hind wing with NI = 1.1-1.4 (HT: 1.4); vein RS basally slightly bowed and straight; vein RA with 6-8 (HT: 8) uniform hamuli.

Legs. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.7-1.8 × (HT: 1.8) as long as deep; basitarsus 2.0-2.1 × (HT: 2.0) as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 4.3-5.0 × (HT: 5.0) as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate.

Metasoma with DMI = 1.3-1.4 (HT: 1.4), PI = 3.0-3.2 (HT: 3.1), THI = 3.0-3.3 (HT: 3.2); thyridium oval and rather small; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior depth of metasoma (Fig. 43A ).

Colour (Fig. 43 ). Entirely testaceous except for apex of mandible, mesoscutum, mesopleuron, and T6-8 blackish. Wings weakly infuscate; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins red-brown.

Male (n = 10). Very similar to female.

Remarks.

This species is morphologically very stable except that the mesosoma varies from entirely dark to reddish.

Figures

Figure 43. Enicospilus sharkeyi Shimizu, sp. nov. ♀ (A-E HT F PT) from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing.